高级班强化训练(1)解析

1、大学英语（3）高级班学期强化（一）Edited by FarseerPassage 1Talk to any pare nt of a stude nt who took an adve nturous gap year（a year betwee n school and uni versity whe n some students earn money, travel, etc.） and a misty look will come into their eyes. There are some disasters and even the most motivated, oianis

2、ed gap student does require family back up, finantiaL emDtional imd physical. The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experienee that has matured their offspring; it is vicarious living. We all wisWe can see howmuch tougher our kids become; how much more prepared to ben efit from uni

3、versity or to decide positively that they are going to do somethi ng other tha n a degree.Gap years are fashi on able, as is reflected in the huge growth in the nu mber of charities and private companies offering them. Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped, but the trend has been g

4、athering steam for a decade. The range of gap packages starts with backpacking, includes working with charities, buildi ng hospitals and schools and, very com monly, work ing as a Ian guage assista nt, teachi ng En glish. With this tren d, however, comes a dan ger.to their would be undergraduate'

5、; s progress to a better university, a good degree, an impressive CV and wellpaid employme nt, as the gap compa nies blurbs suggest it might be, the n pare nts will start orga nising andpay ing for the gaps.Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies' um

6、brella organisation, the Year Out Group, it is usually because of poor planning. That can be the fault of the compa ny or of the stude nt, he says, but the best in sura nee is thoughtful preparati on. “ When people get it wrong, it is usually medical or, especially among girls, it is that they have

7、not been away from home before or because expectati on does not match reality.”The point of a gap year is that it should be the time whe n the school leaver gets to do the thing that heor she fancies. Kids don' tmature if mum and dad decide how they are going to mature. If the18 ycir okTs way of

8、 maiuring is to slob out on IlEUHpSldild Ilea 111 soaki ng up sunshine or spe nding a year work ing with fisherme n in Corn wall, the n that 'wbat will be productive for that pers on. The consen sus, however, is that some structure is an advantage and that the prime mover needs to be the student

9、.1IN y巴Nd who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks' notice to Canada to learn to be asnowboarding instructor at a cost of £ 5,800, probably came back with little more than a hangover. TheIS year old on Hie same package wlio worked for his fare and spent ilie rest of his year instructi

10、ng in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland, and came back to apply for university, is the positive coun terbala nee.（来源：TopUniversity）1.It can be in ferred from the first paragraph that pare nts of gap stude nts may.A help childre n to be prepared for disastersB receive all kinds of support from

11、their childre nC have rich experience in bringing up their offspringD experie nce watch ing childre n grow up2. According to the text, which of the following is true?A The popularity of gap years results from an increasing number of charities.B Prince William was working hard during his gap year.C G

12、ap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years ago.D A well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success.3. The word “ packages(L”ine 3, Para.2)means.B a comprehensive set of activitiesD charity actionsB Irresponsibility of the companies.D Low expectation.A parcels carried in tra

13、velingC something presented in a particular way4. What can cause the disasters of gap years?A Intervention of parents.C A lack of insurance.5. An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year when he/sheA lives up t o his/her parents' expectations.B spends time being lazy and doing nothi

14、ng.C learns skills by spending parents' moneyD earns his or her living and gains working experiencePassage 2The marvelous telephone and television network that has now enmeshed the whole world, making all men neighbours, cannot be extended into space. It will never be possible to converse with a

15、nyone on another planet. Even with today's radio equipment, the messages will take minutes sometimes hours on their journey, because radio and light waves travel at the same limited speed of 186, 000 miles a second.Twenty years from now you will be able to listen to a friend on Mars, but the wor

16、ds you hear will have left his mouth at least three minutes earlier, and your reply will take a corresponding time to reach him. In such circumstances, an exchange of verbal messages is possiblebut not a conversation.To a culture which has come to take instantaneous communication for granted, as par

17、t of the very structure of ci vilized life, this “ timebarrier m”ay have a profound psychological impact. It will be a perpetual reminder of universal laws and limitations against which not all our technology can ever prevail. For it seems as certain as anything can be that no signal still less any

18、material object can ever travel faster than light.The velocity of light is the ultimate speed limit, being part of the very structure of space and time. Within the narrow confines of the solar system, it will not handicap us too severely. At the worst, these will amount to twenty hours the time it t

19、akes a radio signal to span the orbit of Pluto, the outer-most planet.It is when we move out beyond the confines of the solar system that we come face to face with an altogether new order of cosmic reality. Even today, many otherwise educated men like those savages who can count to three but lump to

20、gether all numbers beyond four cannot grasp the profound distinction between solar and stellar space. The first is the space enclosing our neighbouring worlds, the planets; the second is that which embraces those distant suns, the stars, and it is literally millions of times greater. There is no suc

21、h abrupt change of scale in the terrestrial affairs.Many conservative scientists, appalled by these cosmic gulfs, have denied that they can ever be crossed. Some people never learn; those who sixty years ago scoffed at the possibility of flight, and ten years ago laughed at the idea of travel to the

22、 planets, are now quite sure that the stars will always be beyond our reach. And again they are wrong, for they have failed to grasp the great lesson of our agethat if something ispossible in theory, and no fundamental scientific laws oppose its realization, then sooner or later it will be achieved.

23、One day we shall discover a really efficient means of propelling our space vehicles. Every technical device is always developed to its limit and the ultimate speed for spaceships is the velocity of light. They will never reach that goal, but they will get very near it. And then the nearest star will

24、 be less than five years voyaging from the earth.（来源： ）06. For light to travel across the solar system, it will take.A a year B nearly a dayC two monthsD thirty minutes07. The fact that it will never be possible to converse with someone on another planet shows thatA radio messages do not travel fast

25、 enoughB no object can ever travel faster than lightC western culture has a special idea of communicationD certain universal laws cannot be prevailed against08. Confronted with the new order of cosmic reality, many educated men.A become ignorant savage againB fin d the “time barrier” unbearableC wil

26、l not combine solar and stellar spaceD cannot adapt to the abrupt change of scale09. Conservative scientists who deny that cosmic gulfs can ever be crossed willA laugh at the very idea of flightB learn a lesson as they did ten years agoC find space travel beyond their reachD oppose the fundamental s

27、cientific laws10. The author of the passage intends to show.A the limitations of our technologyB the vastness of the cosmic realityC the prospect of planetary travelD the psychological impact of time and spacePassage 3When Rupert Murdoch sees beams of light in the American advertising market, it is

28、not necessarily time to reach for the sunglasses. Last October, when the impact of September 11th was only beginning to tell, the boss of NewsCorp, a media group, had already identified “ strongrays of sunshine ”W.ith ad sales still languishing, Mr. Murdoch declared last month that“ there are some h

29、ints of a modest upswing in the U.S.advertising markets. ”His early optimism turned out to be misplaced. Now, however, other industry observers are beginning to agree with him.Advertising usually exaggerates the economic cycle: falling sharply and early in a downturn, and rebounding strongly once th

30、e economy has begun to recover. This is because most managers prefer to trim their ad budgets rather than their payrolls, and restore such spending only once they feel sure that things are looking up. Last year, America's ad market shrank by 9.8%, according to CMR, a research firm. Although ad s

31、pending has not yet recovered across all media, some analysts now expect overall ad spending to start to grow in the third quarter.The signs of improvement are patchy, however. Ad spending on radio and television seems to be inching up advertising on American national radio was up 2% in January on t

32、he same period last year, according to Aegis while spending on magazines and newspapers is still weak. Even within any one market, there are huge differences; just pick up a copy of one of the now-slimline high-tech magazines that once bulged with ads, and compare it with the hefty celebrity or wome

33、n's titles. Advertisers in some categories, such as the travel industry, are still reluctant to buy space or airtime, while others, such as the car and movie businesses, have been bolder. The winter Olympics, held last month in Salt Lake City, has also distorted the spending on broadcast adverti

34、sing in the first quarter.Nonetheless, there is an underlying pattern. One measure is the booking of ad spots for national brands on local television. By early March, according to Mr. Westerfield's analysis, such bookings were growing fast across eight out of the top ten advertising sectors, led

35、 by the financial and motor industries. UBS Warburg now expects the“ upfront ” market, which starts in May when advertisers book advance ad spots onthe TV networks for the new season in September, to be up 4% on last year. On some estimates, even online advertising could pick up by the end of the ye

36、ar.（来源： The Economist）11. What does the author mean by“ it is not necessarily time to reach for the sun glasses” （P A The sunshine is not terribly strong.B It is not good time to develop advertising. C There is no need to worry about economy now. D The real economic recovery has yet to take place.12

37、. Mr. Murdoch's early market estimation seems to be .A exaggerating the situation B being too cautious C underestimating the development D probably describing the reality13. Which of the following is true according to the text? A Advertising is a sensitive marker of economic change. B Managers w

38、ill first cut salary during economic downturn. C CMR was wrong about last year's U.S. ad market. D Advertising spending has started overal growing.14. Signs of improvement are visible in the advertising of. A high-tech magazines and sports industry B celebrity magazines and travel industry C wom

39、en's magazines and car industry D movie industry and high-tech magazines15. What is the author's view of the prospect of U.S. advertising market? A Recovery will be slow but sure. B There will be a big jump.C Patchy improvement will occur. D The situation will remain pessimistic.Passage 4“I

40、've never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines ofhis lab at Texas A&M University.“ It ' s a stupid endeavor.” That ' s an interesting choice of adjective,from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog

41、 named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year-or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man' s best friend is one of the myster

42、ies of modern science.Westhusin 'exsperience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. Inthree years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&Mteam has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy' s DNA.

43、 None have survived the transfer to asurrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you ' re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans.“ Cloning is incredibly inefficient, adangerous, ” he says.Even so, dog cloning is a co

44、mmercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dollythesheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin 'phsone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy' s mysterious ownerm, waihnouwnkisnhoewsntotoreprotect his privacy

45、. He' s polwopnp$e3d.7d million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin tocarry on Missy ' s fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy ' s owners and the A&M team say they are “ both looking forwar

46、d to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.”The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin' s work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viablypregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immatu

47、re lungs and heart and weight problems. “ Whywould you ever want to clone humans, ” Westhusin asks,“ when we ' re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?（来源： TIME）16. Which of the following best represents Mr. Westhusin' s attitude toward cloning? A Animal cloning is a stupid

48、 attempt.B Human cloning is not yet close to getting it worked out.C Cloning is too inefficient and should be stopped.D Animals cloning yes, and human cloning at least not now.17. The Missyplicity project does not seem very successful probably because . A there isn ' t enough fund to support the

49、 research B cloning dogs is more complicated than cloning cats and bulls C Mr. Westhusin is too busy taking care of the business D the owner is asking for an exact copy of his pet18. When Mr. Westhusin says“ . cloning is dangerous,” he implies that . A lab technicians may be affected by chemicalsB c

50、ats and dogs in the lab may die of diseasesC experiments may waste lots of livesD cloned animals could outlive the natural ones19. We can infer from the third paragraph that . A rich people are more interested in cloning humans than animalsB cloning of animal pets is becoming a prosperous industry C

51、 there is no distinction between a cloned and a natural dog D Missy ' s master pays a lot in a hope to revive the dog20. We may conclude from the text that . A human cloning will not succeed unless the technique is more efficient B scientists are optimistic about cloning technique C many people

52、are against the idea of human cloning D cloned animals are more favored by owners even if they are weakerPassage 5 Positive surprises from government reports on retail sales, industrial production, and housing in the past few months are leading economists to revise their real gross domestic product

53、(GDP) forecasts upward supporting the notion that the recession ended in December or January.Bear in mind: This recovery won' thave the vitality normally associated with an upturn. Economists now expect real GDP growth of about 1.5 in the first quarter. That 'bsetter than the 0.4 the consens

54、us projected in December, but much of the additional growth will come from a slower pace of inventory drawdowns, not from surging demand.Moreover, the economy won' t grow fast enough to help the labor markets much. The only good newsthere is that jobless claims have fallen back from their spike

55、after September 11 and that their current level suggests the pace of layoffs is easing.The recovery also does not mean the Federal Reserve will raise interest rates soon. The January price indexes show that inflation remains tame. Consequently, the Fed can take its time shifting monetary policy from

56、 extreme accommodation to relative neutrality.Perhaps the best news from the latest economic reports was the January data on industrial production. Total output fell only 0.1, its best showing since July. Factory output was flat, also the best performance in six months. Those numbers may not sound e

57、ncouraging, but manufacturers have been in recession since late 2000. The data suggest that the factory sector is finding a bottom from which to start its recovery.Production of consumer goods, for instance, is almost back up to where it was a year ago. That ' s because consumer demand for motor

58、 vehicles and other goods and the housing industry remained healthy during the recession, and they are still growing in early 2002.Besides, both the monthly homebuilding starts number and the housing market index for the past two months are running above the averages for all of 2001, suggesting that home-building is off to a good start and probably won ' t be big drag on GDP growth this year.Equally important to the outlook is how the solid housing market will