精品解析：甘肃省天水市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）

1、2020年天水市初中毕业与升学学业考试(中考)试卷英语考生注意:请将正确参考答案涂、写在答题卡上。本卷满分150分, 考试时间为120分钟。A卷I.语音A)观察所给单词的读音,从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出其画线部分的读音与所给单词的画线部分读音相同的选项。1. GermanyA. greenB. guestC. greatD. geography2. spreadsA. remindsB. looksC. kicksD. locks3. allowA. ownerB. knowC. howD. throw4. liveA. lifeB. lineC. kiteD. tip5. charact

2、erA. childB. chanceC. chemistryD. China6. searchA. heardB. nearC. pearD. dear【参考答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A【解析】【1题详解】考查辅音字母的发音。Germany划线的字母g发音是/d/；green,guest和great单词中的g发音是/,geography划线的g发音是/d/。故选D。【2题详解】考查辅音字母的发音。spreads划线的s发音是/z/；reminds末尾的s发音是/z/；looks,kicks和locks划线的s发音是/s/。故选A。【3题详解】考查元音字母和

3、辅音字母组合的发音。allow单词中ow发音是/a/；how单词中ow发音是/a/；owner, know和throw中ow发音是/。故选C。【4题详解】考查元音字母的发音。live划线的i发音是/；tip划线的i发音是/；life, line和kite单词中的i发音是/a/。故选D。【5题详解】考查辅音字母组合的发音。character划线的字母发音是/k/；chemistry划线的字母发音是/k/； child,chance和China划线的字母发音是/t/。故选C。【6题详解】考查元音字母和辅音字母组合的发音。search划线的ear发音是/；heard划线的ear发音是/；near,

4、pear和dear划线的ear发音是/。故选A。B)根据下列对话的情景,找出画线句子在一般情况下单词需要重读的选项。7. Whose backpack is this?It is Jennys backpack.A. It, Jennys, backpackB. Jennys, backpackC. backpackD. Jennys【参考答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这是谁的背包？它是Jenny的背包。考查单词的重读。题干中“Whose backpack is this?”询问是谁的背包,对所属关系提问,结合答句“It is Jennys backpack.”讲是Jenny的背包,可知答句应

5、是强调Jenny's,重读Jenny's。故选D。8. Did you see Lily dancing in your classroom?No. I saw Mary dancing in our classroom.A. I, saw, Mary, dancing, ourB. saw, Mary, dancing, classroomC. No, MaryD. No, Mary, dancing, classroom【参考答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你看到玛丽在你们教室跳舞了么？没有,我看到玛丽在我们教室跳舞了。考查重读。根据题干中“Did you see Lily

6、dancing in your classroom?”询问是不是Lily在教室里跳舞,答句是否定回答,并补充说是Mary在教室里跳舞,因此答句中强调否定“No”和人名“Mary”。故选C。C)以下每组对话由句子、组成,指出这三个句子在一般情况下应该用什么语调。9. Would you like some dumplings for lunch?Dumplings?Yes. What dumplings do you want?A. 升调降调降调B. 升调升调降调C. 降调降调升调D. 降调降调降调【参考答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：午餐想吃饺子吗？饺子？是的。你想要什么饺子？考查语调。英语中特

7、殊疑问句要用降调读,所以要用降调读,所以排除C选项；而是一个词,以问号结尾表达一种反问的语气,所以应该用升调,所以排除A/ D选项,一般疑问句要用升调,故选B。10. Do you know where the supermarket is?Sorry, Im new here.Thank you all the same.A. 降调降调降调B. 降调降调升调C. 升调降调降调D. 升调升调降调【参考答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你知道超市在哪里吗？对不起,我是新来的。还是谢谢你。考查语调。Do you know where the supermarket is? 为一般疑问句,所以用升调；S

8、orry, Im new here.为陈述句,所以用降调；Thank you all the same. 是略了主语I的陈述语,所以用降调,故选C。II.词汇按照括号内的要求写出下列单词的相应形式。11. develop(名词) _12. success(副词) _13. appear(反义词) _14. one(同音词) _15. beat(过去分词) _16. you(名词性物主代词) _17. lie(现在分词) _18. stomach(复数) _19. thin(比较级) _20. hope(形容词) _【参考答案】11. development 12. successfully 1

9、3. disappear 14. won 15. beaten 16. yours 17. lying 18. stomachs 19. thinner 20. hopeful【解析】【11题详解】develop“开发；进步”,动词,其名词形式是development“发展；开发”,故参考答案是development。【12题详解】success“成功”,名词,形容词是后面加-ful,successful“成功的”,变副词是在形容词的基础上再加-ly,故参考答案是successfully。【13题详解】appear“出现”,动词,反义词是：消失,dis-是否定前缀,disappear消失,故参

10、考答案是disappear。【14题详解】one“一”,与此同音的词是won,两个词的发音都为/wn/,故参考答案是won。【15题详解】beat“打败”,动词,其过去分词是不规则变化beaten,故参考答案是beaten。【16题详解】you“你；你们”,人称代词主格,其名词性物主代词是yours“你的；你们的”,故参考答案是yours。【17题详解】lie“说谎；平躺”,动词,其现在分词是变ie为y再加ing,故参考答案是lying。【18题详解】stomach“胃”,名词,词尾ch发音/k/,变复数是加-s,故参考答案是stomachs。【19题详解】thin“瘦的”,形容词,是以辅音字

11、母n结尾的重读闭音节词,变比较级时,要双写该辅音字母再加-er,故参考答案是thinner。【20题详解】hope“希望”,动词,变形容词时词尾要加-ful,故参考答案是hopeful。B)根据句意及首字母提示或所给汉语意思写出句中所缺的单词。21. The boys father is very ill. He has no c_ but to earn money.【参考答案】choice【解析】【详解】句意：这个男孩的父亲病得很重。他除了挣钱别无选择。根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“除了别无选择”,英语是have no choice but to do sth,所以空格应该表达“选择”,

12、是一个名词,故参考答案为choice。22. The test i_ three parts: listening, speaking and writing.【参考答案】includes【解析】【详解】句意：这个测试包括三个部分：听、说和写。此处缺谓语动词,句子是一般现在时,主语test是单数名词,动词用第三人称单数,根据首字母以及“three parts”可知此处用动词includes表示“包括”。故参考答案为includes。23. He f_ the exam because he was so careless with his spelling.【参考答案】failed【解析】【详

13、解】句意：他考试不及格,因为他在拼写方面太粗心了。表达“考试不及格”用短语failed the exam,根据was提示可知,句子是一般过去时态,所以所填的动词应用过去式。故填failed。24. Is wealth related to_ (幸福)?【参考答案】happiness【解析】【详解】句意：财富和幸福有关么？短语be related to后面用名词,此处用happiness表示“幸福”。故参考答案为happiness。25. Words could not _ (表达) her feelings at that moment.【参考答案】express【解析】【详解】句意：在那一时

14、刻,言语无法表达她的心情。情态动词的否定could not后面用动词原形,此处用动词express表示“表达”。故参考答案为express。III.语法与情景交际26. Take _ umbrella with you. Its _ useful tool on rainy days.A. an, aB. a, theC. an, theD. the, the【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：随身带把伞。这在雨天是一个有用的工具。考查冠词的用法。定冠词the常用来表特指；不定冠词泛指“一个,一次”等,不定冠词a用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前,不定冠词an用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前。根

15、据题干可知第一空泛指一把雨伞,umbrella以元音音素开头,其前用不定冠词an；第二空泛指一个有用的工具,useful以辅音音素开头,其前用不定冠词a。故选A。27. My grandparents live in an old apartment with _ floors and they are on the _ floor.A. five, fiveB. five, fifthC. fifth, fifthD. fifth, five【参考答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我的祖父母住在一间五层的旧公寓里,他们在五楼。考查数词。five基数词,表示数量5个；fifth序数词,表示顺序第五

16、,根据第一个空后的floors为名词复数形式,可知用基数词five,表示“有5层的公寓”,根据第二个空后的floor为名词单数形式,可知用序数词fifth,表示“第5层”,故选B。28. Man cant live _ water.A. ofB. forC. fromD. without【参考答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：人没有水就不能生存。考查介词辨析。of的；for为了；from来自；without没有。根据句意“人不能生存_水”,结合常识可知没有水,人难以生存,用without符合题意。故选D。29. We can overcome all the difficulies by _ to

17、gether.A. workB. worksC. workingD. worked【参考答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们可以通过合作克服所有困难。考查非谓语。work工作,动词原形；works工作,动词三单；working工作,现在分词或者动名词形式；worked工作,过去式或者过去分词；根据句意理解可知,空格前面是介词by,所以后面应该用ing形式,作介词的宾语,故选C。30. _ with my fathers handwriting, mine is poor.A. CompareB. ComparedC. ComparingD. Compares【参考答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：与

18、我父亲的书法相比,我的很差。考查非谓语。Compare比较,动词原形；Compared比较,过去式或过去分词；Comparing比较,现在分词或者动名词；Compares比较,动词三单；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,这里表达的是“我的书法和父亲的书法相比”,所以这里组成compared with短语,表示“与相比”,是过去分词作状语,故选B。31. The glass bridge in Shijiazhuang is _than any other one in China.A. longB. the longestC. longestD. longer【参考答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：

19、石家庄的玻璃大桥比中国其他的都要长。考查比较级。long长的；the longest是the+最高级,最长的；longest最长的；longer更长的。此处表示在同一范围内和其它人或物比较,用“比较级+than +any other+名词”的结构,此处用比较级longer。故选D。32. They didnt go home _ they finished their work.A. becauseB. whereC. untilD. while【参考答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：他们直到完成工作才回家。考查从属连词辨析。because因为；where在的地方；until直到；while当时候

20、,由否定形式“didnt”和句意,可知本句用句型notuntil,这种否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”,即“直到完成工作才回家”,故选C。33. Lily is a friend of _.A. Marys mothersB. Marys mothers ofC. Mary mothersD. mothers of Mary【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：莉莉是玛丽的母亲的众多朋友中的一个。考查名词所有格。此处用双重所有格,用“of+-'s所有格” 的结构,表达“玛丽的母亲”用Marys mother,表达“玛丽的母亲的众多朋友中的一个”用Marys mothers。故选A

21、。34. _ the kind-hearted lady, the homeless boy has a new family.A. Thanks toB. Thank toC. Thanks forD. Thank for【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：多亏了那位善良的女士,这个无家可归的男孩有了一个新的家庭。考查介词短语。Thanks to由于,幸亏；Thank to结构错误；Thanks for因感谢；Thank for结构错误。根据“the homeless boy has a new family”可知,这里表达的是“幸亏/由于善良的女士”,所以应该用thanks to,故选A。

22、35. Reading is a good way _ the world.A. for knowB. for knowsC. to knowD. to knows【参考答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：读书是认识世界的好方法。考查非谓语动词。for为介词,其后应跟动名词,所以排除A和B；D形式错误；根据句意,此处为动词不定式to know做后置定语修饰中心词way,意为“认识世界的好方法”,故选C。36. Where is Tom?He _ in his room. The light in his room is on.A. mustnt beB. can beC. cant beD. mus

23、t be【参考答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：汤姆在哪？他一定在他的房间里。他房间里的灯开着。考查情态动词。mustnt禁止；can 能够；cant不可能；must一定。根据“The light in his room is on”可知此处表示肯定的推测,用must be表示“一定”在他的房间。故选D。37. 一Everyone should stick to his dream.一Yes. A life without a dream is like a bird without _, which can't fly.A. wingsB. waterC. cloudsD. food【参

24、考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：每个人都应该坚持自己的梦想。是的。人生没有梦想,就像鸟儿没有翅膀,无法飞翔。考查名词辨析。A. 翅膀；B. 水；C. 云；D. 食物。根据下文which can't fly.可知wings符合句意,故选A。38. Shall we go to the airport to _ your sister?No. She will come here by taxi.A. give upB. pick upC. look afterD. come across【参考答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们去机场接你的姐姐么？不,她会坐的士到这儿。考查动词短语。giv

25、e up放弃；pick up接；look after照顾；come across偶然发现。根据“go to the airport”可知此处表达的是去机场接人,用动词短语pick up。故选B。39. He _ most of his time _ English.A. spends. studyingB. costs, studiedC. takes, to studyD. pays, studies【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：他花大多数时间学英语。考查动词。sb. spend +时间+(in)doing 某人花时间做某事；sth. cost sb. +金钱 某物花某人多少钱；it

26、take +sb.+时间+to do 花某人时间做某事；sb. pay +金钱for sth. 某人为某物花钱。主语是人he,此处表达“花时间学英语”,用动词spends。故选A。40. We have _ time that we can finish the work very well.A. such muchB. so manyC. so muchD. such many【参考答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们有如此多的时间以至于我们能很好地完成工作。考查结果状语从句。so修饰形容词或副词,such修饰名词；many很多的,修饰可数名词；much很多的,修饰不可数名词。根据名词time

27、,可知此处是sothat表示“如此以至于”。time是不可数名词,用much修饰。故选C。41. Safety is very important for _ So we must learn how to protect _.A. everyone, ourselvesB. anyone, ourselvesC. everyone, usD. anyone, us【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：安全对我们每个人都很重要,因此我们必须学会怎样保护好自己。考查不定代词和反身代词。everyone每个人；anyone任何人,用于否定句或疑问句中。ourselves我们自己；us我们。这是肯定句

28、,第一空表示“每个人”,用everyone。第二空用反身代词ourselves,表示“保护我们自己”。故选A。42. I want to buy _ for my grandpa to make him happy.Thats a good idea.A. something specialB. special somethingC. anything specialD. special anything【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我想给爷爷买些特别的东西,让他高兴。这是个好主意。考查定语后置。something special一些特别的东西；special something错误结构

29、；anything special一些特别的东西,用于否定句和疑问句；special anything错误结构；根据句意理解可知,英语中形容词修饰不定代词时,要放在不定代词后面,原句是肯定句,表达的是“一些特别的东西”,所以应用something special,故选A。43. Not only Jim but also his sister _ a few cities in the south since they came to China.A. have visitedB. has visitedC. visitedD. visits【参考答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：自从他们来到中国

30、以来,不仅吉姆,而且他的妹妹也访问了南方的几个城市。考查时态和主谓一致。have visited现在完成时,主语为一、二人称或第三人称复数；has visited现在完成时,主语为第三人称单数；visited一般过去时；visits一般现在时的三单形式,根据从句部分since they came to China.,可知主句为现在完成时,所以排除C和D,当not onlybut also连接两个主语时,谓语动词采取就近一致原则,即谓语动词要和与其最近的主语his sister保持人称和数的一致,所以谓语为has visited,故选B。44. Always tell your parents

31、_ you are going and_ you expect to be home.A. what, whereB. when, whereC. where, whatD. where, when【参考答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：总是告诉你的父母你去哪儿,什么时候回家。考查宾语从句。what什么；where哪儿；when什么时间。tell your parents后面是宾语从句,根据“you are going”可知用引导词where表示“去哪儿”；根据“you expect to be home”可知用引导词when表示“什么时候回家”。故选D。45. The boy _ is hold

32、ing a ball is my brother.A. whatB. whichC. 不填D. who【参考答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这个拿着球的男孩是我的弟弟。考查定语从句。what什么；which哪一个,指代物；who谁,指代人。the boy是先行词,表示的人,定语从句用who指代人,在从句中做主语。故选D。46. Lets meet at the school gate, _?A. shall weB. shall youC. will weD. will you【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们在学校门口见面,好吗?考查反意疑问句。根据前文Lets meet at the

33、school gate, 让我们在学校门口见面,可知本题考查祈使句反义疑问句；其中Lets意思是包括“我”在内的我们,其反义疑问句应该用shallwe,所以A选项符合题意；如果是let us,则意思是不包括“我”在内的我们,其反义疑问句是will you；故参考答案选A。47. _ the population of Tianshui?Its about 3.6 million.A. How manyB. How muchC. What isD. Which is【参考答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：天水的人口是多少？大约三千六百万。考查特殊疑问句。how many多少,接可

34、数名词；how much多少,接不可数名词；what 什么；which 哪一个。根据“the population”可知此处问人口数量,用“what is the population of”。故选C。48. The Whites have _ Hong Kong.Oh, really? I have never _ there before.A. been to, goneB. gone to, beenC. been to, gone toD. gone to, been to【参考答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：怀特一家去了香港。哦,真的吗？我以前从未去过那里。考查现在完成时。have/h

35、as been to sp.去过某地（已回）；have/has gone to sp.去了某地（未回）；根据第一空处描述可知,怀特一家去了香港,但没有回来,所以第一空处需用have gone to,排除选项A和C；第二空处需用have been to表示没有去过某地,空后there是地点副词,所以此处省略介词to；故参考答案选B。49. Wear your mask before going out._.A. OKB. OK, I wontC. Good luckD. With pleasure

36、【参考答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：出门前戴上你的口罩。好的。考查情景交际。OK好的；OK, I wont好的,我不会的；Good luck祝你好运；With pleasure我很愿意,常用于回应别人的请求。根据题干中“Wear your mask before going out.”提醒对方戴口罩,应该回答“好的”。故选A。50. I got a job with Chinese Space Agency._.A. Have a nice tripB. Good luckC. Thank goodnessD. Congratulations【参考答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我在中国航天局找

37、到了一份工作。祝贺你。考查情景交际。Have a nice trip旅行愉快；Good luck祝你好运；Thank goodness谢天谢地；Congratulations祝贺你。根据题干中“I got a job with Chinese Space Agency.”讲找到了一份工作,可知要祝贺对方,用“Congratulations”符合题意。故选D。IV.阅读理解 阅读下面的两篇短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合题意的最佳选项。Zaks grandfather, Stan, was very famous. Why? Because he had a very,

38、very, very long white beard.One day, Zak asked his grandfather, “When you sleep, do you put your beard over or under the quilt (被子)?” “Im not sure. I never care about that, ” said his grandfather. “Ill look tonight.”Stan got into bed that night and pulled up the quilt. Then he remembered his grandso

39、ns question. Aha! His beard was under the quilt. But wait. Did that feel right?He lifted his beard from under the quilt and put it above it. This also didnt feel right. So he put the beard under the quilt again. But he soon felt it would be better if it were out. The beard went in and outfirst under

40、 the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.Stan spent a sleepless night.In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his long beard right off!Stans wife was so happy. She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it. Now a simple question made him do that.

41、51. Why was Stan very famous?A. Because he had a big family.B. Because he was very old.C. Because his grandson was very clever.D. Because he had a very, very, very long white beard.52. Did Stan have a good sleep that night?A. Yes.B. No.C. Maybe.D. Sure.53. What did Stan do with his beard at last?A.

42、He put his beard over the quilt.B. He put his beard under the quilt.C. He cut his beard off.D. He cared about his beard after that.54. How did Stans wife feel when she noticed her husbands short beard?A. She was very happy.B. She was worried.C. She was angry with him.D. She didnt care about it.55. F

43、rom the passage, which of the following sentences is true?A. Stans wife asked him a question one day.B. Stan never cared about Zak, his grandson.C. Stan was sleepless that night because of his beard.D. Stan listened to his wifes words to cut his beard off.【参考答案】51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. C【解析】本文主要讲

44、了斯坦留着非常长的白胡子,他的妻子多次建议他把那胡子剪掉,但他从来不听,后来他却因孙子一个问题,就把胡子剪掉了。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据上文Because he had a very, very, very long white beard. 因为他留着非常,非常,非常长的白胡子,故选D。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据上文Stan spent a sleepless night. 斯坦度过了一个不眠之夜,可知他那晚没睡好,故选B。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据上文In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his lon

45、g beard right off! 可知早上,他又累又不开心,以至于他把长胡子剪掉了！故选C。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据上文Stans wife was so happy. She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it. 可知斯坦的妻子很高兴。因为她很多次建议斯坦把那胡子剪掉,但他从来没有这样做过。故选A。【55题详解】推理判断题。A.一天,斯坦的妻子问了他一个问题。根据上文One day, Zak asked his grandfather, “When you sleep, do you

46、put your beard over or under the quilt (被子)?” 可知是扎克问他的祖父：“当你睡觉的时候,你是把胡子放在被子下面还是被子上？”所以此项说法错误；B斯坦从来不关心扎克,他的孙子。根据上文“Im not sure. I never care about that, ” said his grandfather. “我不确定。 我从来不关心这个,”他的祖父说。可知斯坦不关心睡觉时胡子放在哪里,而不是不关心孙子,所以此项说法错误；C. 那晚斯坦因为他的胡子而失眠。根据上文The beard went in and outfirst under the quil

47、t, then over it, under, over, all night long. Stan spent a sleepless night. 可知他把胡子一会儿放进被子里,一会儿放在被子上,如此反复一整夜,斯坦度过了一个不眠之夜。所以此项说法正确；D.斯坦听了他妻子的话,把他的胡子剪掉了。根据上文She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it. 可知斯坦的妻子多次建议他把那胡子剪掉,但他从来没有这样做过。所以此项说法错误,由此可知只有C项说法正确,故选C。BIn Britain, some

48、people say they will do anything if a famous person they love asks them to. One in three people in Britain have a new kind of diseasethey love a famous person too much.Some people love famous stars like Britney Spears, David Beckham or even Tony Blair. It is not just the young, grown-ups have the sa

49、me problem. One in four people are so interested in their heroes that it affccts their life.There are two ways of worshipping famous people. One way is just to follow them or talk about them with friends for fun. The other is a more serious way. People have very strong feelings for them and think th

50、ey are their friends. People who do so for fun are found to be happier. But those who have strong feelings for a famous person are perhaps to feel more lonely and worried."Worshipping famous people is not certainly a bad thing," Dr. John, an expert said. "But like many things, overdoi

51、ng it may not always be good for you."56. From paragraph 1, we know _.A. they are friends of the famous peopleB. some people in Britain love a famous person too muchC. they must go to the hospitalD. famous people can pay them a lot of money57. How many people in Britain have got this kind of di

52、sease?A. About one third.B. About a quarter.C. More than half.D. Just two or three.58. What does the writer think of the two ways of worshipping famous people?A. Neither of them is good.B. Both of them are good.C. The first one is better.D. The second one is better.59. Pcople who have strong feeling

53、s for a famous person often feel worried because _.A. they cannot become famous themselvesB. they think the famous person may be in troubleC. they are afraid the famous person may not like themD. they can get something in return from the famous person60. The passage tells us_.A. we mustnt worship an

54、ybodyB. worshipping of famous people is a good thingC. famous people are not always friendly to usD. anything overdone may bring some trouble【参考答案】56. B 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. D【解析】文章讲述的是英国人有一种新型的疾病太爱名人。有些人的做法已经影响到他们的生活了,并且文中还分析了两种喜欢名人的方式。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据文中In Britain, some people say they will do anyt

55、hing if a famous person they love asks them to. One in three people in Britain have a new kind of diseasethey love a famous person too much.可知,在英国一些人他们太爱名人了。故选B。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据文中One in three people in Britain have a new kind of diseasethey love a famous person too much.可知,在英国有三分之一的人有这样的问题,故选A。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据文中One