高考英语形容词、副词讲解（课堂PPT）

1、.1高考英语专题复习高考英语专题复习 -形容词、副词考点形容词、副词考点.2PART 形容词的语法功能形容词的语法功能 形容词的基本用法形容词的基本用法 高考中常出的考察热点和答题技巧高考中常出的考察热点和答题技巧：.3大飞囊大飞囊.4形容词用法形容词用法： The gorgeous car looks / is awesome！ His idea sounds reasonable. The barber dyed her hair red. The naughty boy made his sister cry.The old have been taken good care of.定语

2、定语 表语表语 宾语补足语宾语补足语 The+ adj表示一类人，做主语或宾语表示一类人，做主语或宾语 表语表语 .51.名词名词+后缀后缀 形容词形容词1) ful: help-helpful, use-useful2) al: naturenatural3) able :reasonreasonable4)ce-t: patience-patient2.动词动词+后缀后缀 形容词：形容词：interestinterestedinterestingamazeamazedamazing常见形容词后缀常见形容词后缀：-ing形容词形容词一般修饰事物一般修饰事物。 -ed形容词形容词主语一般是人主

3、语一般是人。5) ty- ious: curiosity - curious .6练习1.She is a _ (nature) musician. 2 The man is a worker _(retire) last year. 3 .It will not be _(suit) for us to live in the world in the future.4.The kid was very _ (interest) in physics.5.We all find it _(importance) to learn English well . 6.Mary felt _(pl

4、ease), because there were many empty seats in the room. (2016年广东高考语法填空年广东高考语法填空) 2naturalretiredsuitableinterestedimportantpleased.7在英语里在英语里,一般定语前置时的次序为一般定语前置时的次序为:限定词，形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语限定词，形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语。但当几个形容词同时出现在名词之前但当几个形容词同时出现在名词之前,我们要注意其次序。我们要注意其次序。其形容词遵循的词序为：其形容词遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材，限观形龄色国材，指：指：限定

5、词限定词（包括冠词，指示词数量）（包括冠词，指示词数量）, 外观外观（美丽等）（美丽等）,形状形状（大小高矮肥瘦）（大小高矮肥瘦）,年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。a famous American universityan interesting small old Italian paintinga new plastic bucket多个定语形容词排列顺序：多个定语形容词排列顺序：.8其形容词排列遵循的词序为：其形容词排列遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材限观形龄色国材，指：指：限定词限定词（包括冠词，指示词数量）（包括冠词，指示词数量）, 外观外观（美丽等）（美丽

6、等）,形状形状（大小高矮肥瘦）（大小高矮肥瘦）,年龄年龄；颜；颜色色；国国籍；籍；材材料；用途料；用途。县官行令杀国才县官行令杀国才。.9。县官行令杀国才县官行令杀国才。一辆漂亮的黄色意大利小车。一辆漂亮的黄色意大利小车。 那位魅力十足的年轻苗条的女士。那位魅力十足的年轻苗条的女士。a gorgeous small yellow Italian car that charming slim young lady. .10表语形容词：表语形容词：它指的是那些只用于它指的是那些只用于连连系动词系动词后作表语，后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。英语中的表语而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。英语

7、中的表语形容形容词词非常有限，归纳起来，主要有以下几类非常有限，归纳起来，主要有以下几类：1.某些某些以以a-开头开头形容词形容词: absent缺席的，缺席的，afraid 害怕的害怕的 alive活着的活着的 alone 单独的，单独的，ashamed 羞愧的羞愧的 ， asleep 睡着的睡着的 ,awake 醒着的醒着的 ， alike 相似的相似的请看实例：请看实例： Dont be afraid of it. 别怕。别怕。He was alone in the house.他独自一人在家里。他独自一人在家里。若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其

8、他形容词形容词：误：误：an asleep child, an ashamed girl, an alive poet正：正：a sleeping child， a shy girl， a living poet2、某些表示健康的、某些表示健康的形容词形容词fine 健康的健康的ill 有病的有病的well 健康的健康的 faint昏迷的昏迷的 请看实例：请看实例：he was ill and couldnt come 他病了，所以不能来。他病了，所以不能来。.11.12 注意注意 ：very不能用来修饰不能用来修饰表语形容词表语形容词； afraid 害怕的，害怕的，ashamed 羞愧的，

9、除外。羞愧的，除外。 He fell asleep completely. They were very ashamed of his behavior.Friends ， supper is ready now.They are fond of global tour.The twins look alike so much .English is well worth learning.13 改正下列句中的错误改正下列句中的错误I have to stay at home to look after my ill sister, who caught a bad cold the othe

10、r day.解析：解析：ill表示表示“生病的生病的”意思时，只用作表语形容词，意思时，只用作表语形容词，不能作定语不能作定语。什么是表语形容词？sick.14b b表语形容词作定语要后置。表语形容词作定语要后置。把括号中的词放入恰当的位置把括号中的词放入恰当的位置All the people at the party were his supporters. （present）.15c c形容词修饰不定代词形容词修饰不定代词something,everything,something,everything,anything, nothinganything, nothing，nobodyno

11、body等时，要位其于后面。等时，要位其于后面。如：如：Is there anything important in todays newspaper? 3任何聪明人任何聪明人 ： anybody smart ； 2.今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？1.美好的东西美好的东西:Something nice.16D. enoughD. enough做副词修饰形容词时，放做副词修饰形容词时，放在其修饰的形容词在其修饰的形容词后面后面。 They are strong They are strong enoughenough to to performance the fi

12、erce game.performance the fierce game. The singer was wealthy The singer was wealthy enough enough to buy such a luxury vehicle.to buy such a luxury vehicle. .17例例: _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国全国) Brave enough studentsB. Enough brave students C. St

13、udents brave enoughD. Students enough braveenough修饰形容词时修饰形容词时要放在形容词要放在形容词之后之后，enough修饰名词时修饰名词时放在放在前后都可。前后都可。.18原级比较句型结构原级比较句型结构: 1.“as+adj/adv+as” 一样一样 等级比较等级比较 2. not so(as)+adj/adv+as.” 不如不如不等级比较不等级比较 该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的 程度上的相似或不同程度上的相似或不同(即平时说的即平时说的“等级比较和等级比较和 不等级比较不等级比较”)。 例如：例如： My c

14、omputer is not so(as) heavy as yours. 我的电脑不如你的重我的电脑不如你的重。.19 2.“as many/few+可数名词复数可数名词复数+as” 或或 as much/ little(少的少的) +不可数名词不可数名词+as。 前者描述数目上接近，后者描述量相近。前者描述数目上接近，后者描述量相近。 例如：例如： You may get as many books as you can. 你能借多少书就借少。你能借多少书就借少。 “Drink as much water as you can.”the doctor said to him. 医生对他说：

15、医生对他说：“你要尽可能的多喝些水。你要尽可能的多喝些水。.20.21 You can t be too careful.You cant be careful enough.你越仔细越好。你越仔细越好。越越就越好；怎么就越好；怎么也不为过分：也不为过分：主语主语+cant be too+adj =主语主语+cant be+adj+enough.22littleless much/manymore most farfartherfarthest bad/ill/badlyworse worstgood/wellbetterbestleast8.23词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较比较级级最高

16、最高级级单单音节音节词在词尾加词在词尾加-er(比较级比较级)或或-est(最高级最高级)以不发音的字母以不发音的字母e结尾的词结尾的词加加-r或或-sttall hard large wide重读闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个重读闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个一个辅音字辅音字母，须先双写这个一个辅音字母，再加母，再加er或或estbig hot thin fat wet 以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，结尾的双音节词，变变y为为i,再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever able多音节多音节词和词和多数双音节词多数

17、双音节词在其前面加在其前面加more 和和most difficult popular taller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower clevererablernarrowest cleverestablestmore difficult more popular most difficult most

18、popular少数以少数以-er,-ow,-able结尾的结尾的双双音节词音节词,末尾加末尾加-er或或-est.24原级原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/ elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/ eldest巧记：巧记：特殊形式比较级特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好坏病两多并两好little意思不是小意思不是小一分为二有两个一分为二有两个一是老来一是老来二是远二是远

19、.25latelaterlatestfatfatterfattesthappyhappierhappiestdifficultmore difficultthe most difficultfine, nice, large,safe / big,thin heavy ,pretty, easy, thirsty,healthy 7.26比较级的用法比较级的用法: 表一方超过另一方时表一方超过另一方时, 用用“比较级比较级+than”结构结构；表一方不如另一方时表一方不如另一方时, 用用“less+原级原级+than”结构结构. This park is better than that on

20、e. This park is less cute than that one. 2. 比较级前可加修饰词比较级前可加修饰词much, even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, far, yet, by far, rather. 注意注意: by far通常用于强调通常用于强调最高级最高级, 用于比较级时一般放在比较级用于比较级时一般放在比较级后面后面; 如放在前面如放在前面, 应在中间加应在中间加the.27比较级考点：比较级考点：1. 表示表示“比比.更更”。用用 比较级形容词比较级形容词+than+比较成分比较成分, than后的动词往往省略后的动词往往省

21、略, 非正式用法非正式用法than后人称代名词可用宾格。后人称代名词可用宾格。He is younger than me. 他比我年轻。他比我年轻。I am a better swimmer than he（him）.2. 表表“较较.低低; 不及不及.”用用 less+原级形容词原级形容词+than+比较成分比较成分。I am less young than he （is）.我不比他年轻。我不比他年轻。 3. 表两者之中表两者之中“较较.”, 用用 the +比较级比较级+of the two。This one is the bigger of the two houses.这所房子是两座房

22、子中较大的。这所房子是两座房子中较大的。4. 定冠词定冠词/ 指示形容词指示形容词+比较级比较级+名词名词表示比较意义。表示比较意义。The taller boy is John.那个身材较高的男孩子是约翰。那个身材较高的男孩子是约翰。5. 有少数以有少数以ior结尾的形容词结尾的形容词, 如如inferior（次于）（次于）, junior（年幼的（年幼的;下级的）下级的）, prior（之前）（之前）, senior（年长的（年长的,上级的）上级的）, superior（优（优于）等与于）等与介词介词to连用。连用。This method is superior to that one.这

23、种方法优于那种方法这种方法优于那种方法.28如如: He is taller by far than his brother. He is by far the taller of the two brothers.His explanation is _. by far clearer B. clearer by farC.the clearer by far D. the clearer.29比较形容词可以被副词如比较形容词可以被副词如a little（一点）（一点）,much（得多）（得多）, even（更加）（更加）, still（更加）（更加）, far（.的多）的多） , a lo

24、t, a bit, a great deal , rather，a little ，等修饰，等修饰, 翻译翻译: 现在的生活简单得多了。现在的生活简单得多了。Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago.注意注意;fairly, very, quite 不修饰比较级不修饰比较级,quite better除外除外。 凡是不能修饰比较级的副词，也不能用在凡是不能修饰比较级的副词，也不能用在too前面前面。.30 例例：- How did y

25、ou find your visit to the museum? - I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I had expected.A. far more interesting B. even much interesting C. more interesting D. a lot much interesting修饰比较级的副词有修饰比较级的副词有much , far, even, still, a lot, a little, yet, a bit, by far etc.31此时形容词都按多音节对待。此时形容词都按多音节对待。.32常考

26、搭配：常考搭配：1.the+比较级比较级, the+比较级比较级 越越，就越，就越The harder you learn, the better your scores will be.The busier he is , the happier he feels.The more difficult the question is , the funnier the students appear. more and more. 越来越越来越As summer is drawing near , daytime is getting longer and longer.333倍数表示法：倍

27、数表示法： 1) 倍数倍数 + as +形容词原级形容词原级 + as； 2)倍数倍数 + 形容词比较级形容词比较级 + than； 3)倍数倍数+ the+size/length/width/height/depth/cover+of。The dining hall is 3 times as large as that one.The dining hall is 2 times larger than that one.The dining hall is 3 times the size of that one.34.35倍数表达法特殊训练倍数表达法特殊训练：.36.374 .no m

28、ore than Vs not more thanThis book is no more interesting than that one.这本书不比那本书更有意思。（两者一样没意思。）这本书不比那本书更有意思。（两者一样没意思。）This book is not more interesting than that one.这本书还不如那本书有意思。（还比不上本书有意思）这本书还不如那本书有意思。（还比不上本书有意思）.38 5“否定否定 + 比较级比较级” 表达的意思相当于表达的意思相当于最高级最高级。 Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, w

29、ill you? I couldnt agree more. The idea sounds great to me. “a + 比较级比较级 + 名词（名词（than）” 结构出现在以结构出现在以 never构成的构成的完成时态的完成时态的动词动词后面。后面。 How beautifully she sings！ I have never heard a better voice.最高级最高级.39-Are you satisfied with his answer?-Not at all. It couldnt have been_ (bad). worse.40 (2016) “The

30、water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ (sweet).”思路点拨思路点拨: 这是这是否定词否定词nothing与比较级连用与比较级连用表表示最高级的概念示最高级的概念，故填，故填sweeter。句意是：句意是：“没有什么东西比这个更甜了没有什么东西比这个更甜了”，也就，也就是说是说“这是世界上最甜的水这是世界上最甜的水”。sweeter.41形容词最高级形容词最高级 ：(三个以上三个以上比较才有最高级比较才有最高级) the+adj最高级最高级 +of / in /

31、amongeg. Their English teacher is the cleverest of all the teachers/ in the school/ among all the teachers. 有时形容词最高级前不是定冠词有时形容词最高级前不是定冠词the，而是，而是a/an,此时不是比较结果而是一种修辞手法，此时不是比较结果而是一种修辞手法，意为：极其，非常。意为：极其，非常。 eg. She is a best friend of mine.421、 one of + the +adj.最高级最高级 + n.（复）（复）of / among / in 意思意思“最最

32、的的之一之一” eg. Paper-making is one of the greatest inventions of ancient China. 2、the + 序数词序数词 + adj.最高级最高级 + n.（单）（单） + in短语短语 “ 第几（长、大、远）第几（长、大、远）” eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.3、adj.最高级最高级 可用在选择疑问句中，常用句型：可用在选择疑问句中，常用句型：Which/ Who A, B or C? eg. Which city is the biggest,

33、 Beijing, Shanghai or Chongqing?4、当、当adj.最高级最高级 前有前有物主代词物主代词、指示代词指示代词、名词所有格名词所有格 修饰时，修饰时， 省掉最高级前的定冠词省掉最高级前的定冠词the。eg. Linda is my sisters best friend最高级常考考点：最高级常考考点：.43 答题技巧答题技巧.441. (2014全国全国1语法填空语法填空) Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is (clean) than ever.2.( 2015四川四川

34、 ) Andy is content with the toy. It is the (good) he ever got.3.(2015全国全国II)-Mr.Stevenson is great to work for.I really couldnt ask for a (good) boss.cleanerbetterbest口诀口诀: :两者比较两者比较thanthan相连相连, ,三者比较三者比较thethe在前在前。小结：一些题目可以直接通过小结：一些题目可以直接通过 得到答案。得到答案。标志词标志词.454.(2016山东山东)Be (reason)-you cant expec

35、t me to finish all this wok in so little time.5.(2014全国全国II) While there are (amaze) stories of instant transformation .6.(2014年全国年全国I改错题改错题)The teachers here are kind and helpfully.helpfulreasonableamazing小结小结: :形容词通常放在形容词通常放在 后作表语后作表语 前作定语前作定语。系动词系动词名词名词.46合作探究合作探究 1.哪些小题与形容词有关？ 2.分别考查哪一个考点？ A. A.

36、比较等级比较等级 B. B.形容词后缀形容词后缀 C.C.变为副词变为副词.47高考链接高考链接.48(2014全国新课标全国新课标I 语法填空语法填空)Are you facing a situa-tion that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that

37、 it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most out-standing examples of environmental clean up. But the river wasnt changed in a few days64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. wasactuallytheorto r

38、educe.49 Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is66 (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit 67 isdriving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an im

39、-possible situation ,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation , for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 . (patience)cleaner amazing

40、changes patientthat/which .50 2016全国新课标全国新课标I Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 61(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual)caught fire and bur

41、ned. Now, ears later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the

42、 river is 66 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit 67 is driving your family crazy.(删减两句删减两句) While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transfor-mation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleanin

43、g up a polluted river.Just be 70 . (patience).511什么是副词？ 翻译下列句子，划出句中的副词。翻译下列句子，划出句中的副词。1. When the lights are on, the city looks marvelous.2. Though frequently beaten by his opponent, he didnt lose heart. 3. He is pretty clever when it comes to repairs.4. Obviously, the murderer had a good knowledge

44、of the crime situation.修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式、程度等或表达状态的词叫副词。.52副词副词.53副词用来副词用来修饰动词修饰动词, 形容词形容词, 其他副词或整个结构。其他副词或整个结构。They always get up early. 修饰动词。修饰动词。 The kid was strong enough to lift such a rock 修饰修饰 形容词。形容词。1什么是副词？.54副词的位置：副词的位置：1） 在动词之后。在动词之后。2） 在在be动词、助动词之后。动词、助动词之后。3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。多个助动

45、词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。4) 几个副词几个副词 程度程度 方式方式 地点地点 时间时间 We study hard at school every day.2副词的位置？.55形容词变副词形容词变副词规则：规则：1.直接在形容词后面加直接在形容词后面加ly：hopeful2.以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾结尾, 变变y为为i,再加再加ly： angry easy 3.以辅音字母以辅音字母+ le结尾结尾, e变变y possible terrible slow slowly hopefullyangrilyeasilypossiblyterribly.56especialexcited

46、amazingnaturalreal形容词形容词副词副词especiallyexcitedlyamazinglynaturallyreally.57将下列形容词转化为副词形式将下列形容词转化为副词形式carefulloudsafequickslow第一组：第一组：slowlyquicklycarefullyloudlysafely.58第二组第二组 ：happyluckyheavyangryeasyhappilyluckilyheavilyangrilyeasily.59第三组第三组：terriblegentlepossiblesimpleterriblygentlypossiblysimpl

47、y.60总结变化规则总结变化规则1.直接直接+ly2.以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词结尾的形容词变变y为为i再再 +ly3.有些以有些以le结尾的形容词需结尾的形容词需要去掉要去掉e再再+ y注意以下以注意以下以ly结尾的结尾的形容词形容词lovelyfriendlyugly likely.6111/17/2021Adverb(副词)形容词形容词转换成转换成副词的副词的规则规则副词的副词的用法用法2.修饰整个句子修饰整个句子1.修饰形容词，其他副词。修饰形容词，其他副词。3.修饰动词修饰动词1.直接直接+ly2.以以y结尾的形容词结尾的形容词变变y为为i再再+ly3.以以-ble或或le

48、结尾的形容结尾的形容词词去掉去掉e再再+ ySummary.62副词的用法副词的用法修饰形容词修饰形容词The panda is really lovely.副词副词形容词形容词修饰修饰.631.They are really beautiful.2.They acted wonderfully in the TV play . 3.Regretfully,we can not talk to them face to face.641.The clothes are_ (extreme) beautiful.2.I am _( terrible) sorry. 3.The boy _(ser

49、ious) ill.terriblyseriouslyextremely.65副词的用法副词的用法-修饰全句修饰全句Surprisingly ,the two little girls can draw so well. 副词副词修饰全句修饰全句.661._(natural), our parents are happy to get our phone call.Naturally2._(amazing), the tree did not die.Amazingly3._(lucky), a policeman found the boy.Luckily.67He sings beauti

50、fully.副词的用法副词的用法修饰动词修饰动词副词副词修饰修饰动词动词.681. I got an A. Tom said _(happy).2. My race went _ (wonderful) from start to finish.3. We hope your children grow _ (healthy).happilywonderfullyhealthily.69注意：注意：1)方式副词方式副词well; badly糟糟, 坏坏; hard等等只放在句尾。只放在句尾。He speaks English well.be badly ill/hurt/damaged/in

51、need2)副词副词very 可以修饰形容词，但可以修饰形容词，但不修饰动词。不修饰动词。改错：改错： I very like English. I like English very much.70副词比较级副词比较级和和最高级最高级用法同形容词基本一样。用法同形容词基本一样。只是，只是，副词最高级形式前的副词最高级形式前的the 通常要省略通常要省略。He runs fastest in our class.他在我们班跑地最快。他在我们班跑地最快。 enough 即可当形容词也可当副词；即可当形容词也可当副词；We have enough time to finish our class.

52、当副词时，放在当副词时，放在其修饰的形容词其修饰的形容词后面后面： He used to be strong enough to lift a bull.716. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives_ of all my friends. (2017上海上海). A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully.72有的有的副词有两种形式：副词有两种形式： 形容词原形形容词原形副词副词，和，和 adj+ly副词副词。后者倾向于抽象模糊的感觉

53、：后者倾向于抽象模糊的感觉：close与与closelyclose意思是意思是“近近”； closely 意思是意思是仔细地仔细地He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.late 与与latelylate意思是意思是“晚晚”； lately 意思是意思是最近最近You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?deep与与deeplydeep是表空间深度；是表空间深度； deeply表感情上的深度表感情上的深度,深深地深深地He pushed the stick deep into

54、the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.73wide与与widelywide表空间宽度；表空间宽度； widely意意广泛地广泛地，在许多地方在许多地方He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.free与与freelyfree的意思是的意思是“免费免费”； freely 的意思是的意思是无限制地无限制地You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you likehigh与与highlyhigh表空间高度表空间高度; highly表程度表程度, 相当于相当于much。The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.74 go to bed late. A late train.75 选词填空：选词填空： 1. “Open the door _, ”said the teacher. A. very wider, B.much widely. C .much wider D. more wide