It的用法初中版.doc

1、It的用法知识网络“it”在中学英语中出现频率高，用法复杂，学生不易掌握，但把它从下面 几个方面归纳之后，学起来就比较容易了。一、指代人或事（物）1 .一般情况下，it指代人以外的事物，指代上文提到过的单数名词，译为“它”。如： Where is the eraser?Have you seen it? What' sthis?It is a car.2 .有时也可指心目中不太清楚的那个人；指代 child, baby等性别不太清楚的名 词；指代someone和somebody等代表人的不行代词。如： Who is that man at the door?It is the post

2、man.The woman will have a baby next month.She hopes it will be a boy.Someone is knocking at the door.Who is it?3 .指上、下文提到的事情。如：It will be a pity if you don ' tpass the exam.（It 指 if 从句所提到的事）Mary is often late for school.lt makes her teacher angry.（it 指上文提至的玛丽上学经常迟到这件事）4 .指时间、天气、气候、距离等，“it ”通常不译出

3、来。如： It is half past eight,and it is time for class.It looks like snow.It is warm in spring.It is five minute ' s walk from the school to the bus stop.二、用作形式主语，代替不定式、动名词或主语从句等真正主语。真正的主语后 置。如： It is impossible to do morning exercise.=To do morning exercise is important.It is no use/good taIking a

4、bout it with her.=TaIking about it with her is no use/good.It is impossible that we can finish the work in a short time. =That we can finish the work in a short time is impossible.三、用作形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或宾语从句等真正宾语。真正的宾语后 置。如： He found it difficult to learn English we 11. =He found to learn English well d

5、ifficult. I consider it good using the computer. =1 consider using the computer good. We feel it strange that nobody wants to go there. =We feel that nobody wants to go there strange.注意：能用这种结构作宾语的动词常见的有：think,consider,find,feel,make等。四、用在特殊句型中。如： It seems/appears that he has known the result of the

6、exam.看起来/似乎他已经指导了考试的结果。It happened that he wasn' tthere that day.碰巧他那天不在那里。五、it与one和that的区别。One表示泛指，it和that表示特指；it与所指的名词为同一个，that与所指的 名词为同一类，但不是同一个。如：I can' tfind my pen,I want to buy one.（泛指）I can' tfind my pen,I don ' tknow who took it away.（同一个 ）The pen you bought is better than t

7、hat I bought 同（一类）注意：that可用the one来代替。范例解密()1.1 don' tlike June in Wuhan.is too hot in June.A. Th isB.ThatC.ItD.One()2.He put umbreIla behind the door,but isn ' tthere now.A. thatB.itC.oneD.this()3.一Would you like some apples?一Yes,bing me.A. thatB.oneC.itD.this()4.一Would you like some tea?Ye

8、s'd like.A. thatB.oneC.itD.this()5.The price of a watch is higher than of a pen.A.oneB.thisC.thatD.it)6. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?A.everyoneB.thisC.thatD.itA.oneB.itC.eitherD.that()7.1 don' tthink possible to learn a foreign language well without hardwork.A. t

9、h isB.thatC.itsD.it )8.Does matter if he can' tfinish the job on time?D.itA. th isB.thatC.he )9.Tom? s mother kept telling that he should work harder,but didn' the Ip.()10.1 hope there are enough glasses for each visitor to have.A. itB.thoseC.themD.one点击思路1 .答案为C.此时it指天气。2 .答案为B.it是指前面提到的同一把

10、伞。3 .答案为B.one在此表泛指。4 .答案为A.tea是不可数名词，one指代可数名词的单数，故选that。5 .答案为C.只有that能跟后面的定语。6 .答案为D.it作形式主语，to引导的不定式是真正的主语。7 .答案为D.it作形式宾语，to learn.是真正的宾语。8 .答案为D.学生非常熟悉it doesn，tmatter这一句型。这题是疑问句，it是matter 的主语，指代后面it句子所说的事。9 .答案为D.it指代前一句所说的事。10.答案为D.one指代one of the glasses。该句意思是：我希望有足够的玻璃杯 使每位参观者有一个。模例拷贝题一、选择填

11、空()1. This is my biology book.cover is already missing.A.ThatB.OneC.ItsD.it()2.It won' t me much time to con-ect the paper.A.spendB.takeC.useD.pay()3.is impossible for us to keep the pet a long time.A.That,suchB.Th is,forC.A11,/D.it,such()4.is clear that fish can? tlive water.A.That,withoutB. Th

12、 is, withC.It,withoutD.That,with()5.The population of Beijing is the same as of Shanghai.A.oneB.thisC.thatD.it()6.He always helps others.is why we like him.A. th isB.thatC.itD.man)7.Is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. th isB.thatC.itD.man)8.一Do you want the teacup? 一 Yes,I want.)9.Will

13、you go home tomorrow evening?No,I'm going to a lecture,or at least,I'm planing.A.soB.toC.itD.that( )10.Is necessary to finish the design before Christmas?A. thatB.itC.thisD.he( )11.unlikely that we shall get there in time.DJt s appearedD-that be toldA.That appears B.it appears C.Thafs appear

14、ed( )12.It was a surprise that I was invited to the party.A.to tellB.being toldC.to be told( )13.The nights in winter are longer than in summer.A. thatB-oneC.thoseD.onesB.it isn 'tmuch useD.That isn'tmuch usevaC.That'sme,Tom. nD.This is( )14.going on with the work. A.It doesn'tseem m

15、uch useC.That is useless()15/' Who is knocking at the door?()16.1 thinkA.that isB.it，sgood for you to do so.D.thisB.it'sC.that( )17.Th is is an important matte r.I need at least a day or two.A. Of thinking over itB.to think it overC.of thinking it overD.to think over it( )18.The bird builds

16、nest in the tree.A.herB.it'sC.itsD.hers( )19.took me three years to finish writing this book.A. ThatB.ThisC.itD.What( )20.His camera is more expensive than.A.hersB.herC.itD.its( )21.is real that English is widely used all over the world.A. Th ereB.ThisC.ThatD.It( )22.1 hate when people talk with

17、 theii- months full.A. itB.thatC.theseD.this（）23.一Why don' t we take a little break?一Didn ' twe just have?D.thisA. itB.thatC.one）24.一Dad've just seen only one copy of FOOTBALL at that newsstand.一Go and buy back,Bob.A.oneB.otherC.itD.this）25.happened that a fire broke out last night.A. Th

18、atB.ItC.ThisD.What二、句型转换。1 .It seems to be very happy.改（为否定句）It to be very happy.2 .We young water the young trees we 11 .改（为被动语态）They young trees we 11.3 .Both Wei Hua and Ann are on the team 用（eitheror 改写）Wei Hua Ann on the team.4.The boy has to take the medicineJhmeJioie_s-iLjiay 对（划线部分提问） the bo

19、y to take the medicine?5.The re is something wrong with my car.（为一般疑问句） wrong with your car?三、完形填空Peter' s father took him to see the Golden Gate bridge.He first saw itL fara way.How big it looked!2 then he saw something else. The bridge was red!“The bridge isn' tgolden.Why is it3 the Golden

20、 Gate Bridge? n asked Peter.uIt isn't named 4- its colourjt's named for the Golden Gate."said his father.uWhat's the Golden Gateu?asked Peter.“A gate is 5_ an opening,or a thing that closes an opening,1' said his father.nTheGolden Gate is an opening the land.Water from the sea c

21、omes2 thisopening into San Francisco Bay.”"Oh," said peter."And the bridge is 8 the opening.But why is the opening called the Golden Gate?',“Years ago men came California to2 gold.Many came by ship.They came10 the bay through that opening.For them it was a gate U gold.So theynamed

22、 it the Golden Gate'1"Well, " said Peter, "I still think the bridge12 look golden.',When Peter 13 home,he sent a letter to a California paper. L4 the letter he wrote: "Red is not the15 colour for the Golden Gate Bridge .Thebridge should look golden,the way most people thi

23、nk it does ” .）1 .A. veryB.fromC.forD.so()2.A.So()3.A.caUed( )4.A.because()5.A.either()6.A.on()7. A. in()8.A.on()9.A.look after()10.A.from()11. A. with()12.A.should()13.A.left()14.A.At()15. A. rightB.AndB.buUtB.ifB.neitherB.intoB.fromB.overB.look up B.intoB.toB.mustB.got B.FromB.wrongC.ButC.coloured

24、C.forC.andC.inC.toC.underC.look forC.forC.forC.must beC.leavesC.OnC.goodD.OrD.madeD.ofD.orD.不填D.throughD.belowD.Iook intoD.to wardsD.不填D.should be D.gets D.In D.bad四、阅读理解AA young American doctor was sleeping when suddenly his doorbell began to ring. It was already midnight, but what could the doctor

25、 do? He had to get up, put on his coat and go downstairs.When he opened the door, he saw a man standing with a hat in his hand. "How do you do?” said the man, “ Can you come at once to a place out of town? ' Its quite far but you have a car and I can show you the way” .uCertainly,v said the

26、 doctor, " I' m quite ready. I can come at once ”. After a few minutes the car was standing at the fi-ont door, the man got into the doctor' s car, and they drove off.They drove on for a long time. Then the man said, “Here we are. This is my home. Now I can pay you and you can go back t

27、o town ” .“I must see the patient. How can I go back without seeing the patient? ”“There is no patient,n explained the man. uNobody is ill. I live here, you see, and one must get home from a town, mustn' t he? There are no taxis this time of thenight, but a doctor often makes night calls, so exc

28、use me. He re is money. Thank you, doctor. Good night.)1.The doctor when the doorbell started to ring.A- was sleeping upstairsC. was working upstairs()2.The man asked the doctorA. to go out for a walk with him C- to see a patientB- was sleeping downstairs D . was working downstairsB- to go to a plac

29、e out of town D. to go for a vacation()3.They left.A. on footB. by bikeC.at onceD.after a few minutes()4.What the man wanted to do was only.A. to fool the doctorB. to give the doctor moneyC. to get home in the doctor， s car D to play a joke on the doctor()5.The doctor was when he heard the man'

30、s words.A. happyB. angryC. sadD sorryBSome people have sailed around the world in quite small boats. It is not an easy thing to do. Sometimes the weather gets bad. That can be the end of eve ryone in it. Accidents can happen easily and quickly.One family once had an accident with some big fish.The f

31、ish swam under then- boat and bit holes in it.Sea water came in,of course,and the boat soon went down. Howe ver, these people had another small boat-a lifeboat,and they all got into that.They lived and hoped for many days.They ate and slept, and they always hopedAt last aship found them.How do peopl

32、e live in a very small lifeboat? Perhaps for weeks or months? They must be strong in every way. They must have hope-they want to live. But you cannot eat and drink hope.You cannot drink sea wate r. Drink a lot of sea water and you will quickly die. Sailors can drink rain water. They must catch rain

33、water in their boat. They must also catch fish and bii-ds for food.Lifeboats do not carry a cooker, and so the sailors cannot cook their food.Raw fish and bird meat is not very nice. But there is no other choice in a lifeboat! The sailors must eat raw food, or they will die.What do people think abou

34、t in a life boat? They think about land, a warm bed,dry clothes, fresh water and food, food, food.()6.When sailors* boat sinks, their lifeboat gives them.A. food B. beds C. rainwaterD. Hope()7. One family once had an accident at sea, because.A. theii- boat was caught in bad weatherB. some fish bit t

35、hrough the bottom of their boatC. the boat knocked against a rock and sea water came inD. none of them knew how to sail in the sea()8.Sailors can catch for food and drink at sea in a lifeboat.A. rain water B. fish and birds C. both sea water and rain water D. both A and B()9.Lifeboats do not often c

36、aiTy a cooker, which is.A. something used for cookingB. food for cookingC. a large basketD. a person who cooks food()10.Which of the following is NOT true ?A. Sailing around the world in quite small boats is not easy.B. All the food sailors have in a lifeboat is cooked fish and bird meat.C. Anyone w

37、ho drinks a lot of sea water will die.D. No one can live for weeks in a lifeboat if he is strong and doesnwant to live.CThe students in Shanghai No.3 Girls High School have a flower-arrangement lesson every week. The course is the first of its kind among middle schools in Shanghai. It helps the stud

38、ents to better en-joy the beauty of flowers. That*s why the course has become very popular among the students.The teachers of the course are very good at this art,and a number if students in the class have won prizes in Shanghai. In order to further develop the students 'interest,the teacher usu

39、ally plays music while the students are arranging flowers.Sure enough,the students are so pleased with the music that better ideas for flower-aiTangement may come into their minds.What's more,the teachers also ask the students to do some writing about flowers.In this way,students should not only

40、 learn how to arrange flowers,but also push themselves to make their writing better.Several months ago,a meeting was held in the school.The students showed great artistic skill in flower-arrangement.The foreign firiends took a great number of photos and spoke highly of the students for their knowled

41、ge of the art.()1 l.Why the flower-arrangement course has become popular is that studentsA.donhave to study other coursesB.can get beautiful flowersC.can better enjoy the beauty of flowersD.can learn a about flowers)12.The passage mainly wants to tell us that.A. the teachers of the course do well in

42、 this art B.a numberof students have won prizes C.students now learn how toarrange flowers D.the course is popular in many middle schools)13.It's clear that playing music in flower-arrangement.A.can help students arrange flowers betterB.teachers students more music than other thingsC.can help students arrange flowers easilyD.students practice both music and flo