初一英语知识点

1、学习必备精品学问点【呈现】1. lily never wants to forget such a good friend.莉莉永久也不想遗忘这样一个好伴侣；2. i forgot to take my english book yesterday.我昨天遗忘带我的英语课本了；3. i forgot taking my english book yesterday.我遗忘昨天已经带了我的英语课本；unit 1词语笔记forget【总结】 forget 用作动词，意为“遗忘；遗忘”； 表示“遗忘去做某事仍没有做 ”，如例2；而 forget doing sth 表示“遗忘做过了某事已经做过 ”，

2、如 ；【呈现】1. the price of this book remains very expensive.这本书的价钱仍旧很贵；2. lily remains my best friend many years later.多年后，莉莉仍旧是我最好的伴侣；3. he remained in beijing for three months last year.他去年在北京逗留了三个月；remainkeys: forget to do sth; 例 3【总结】 remain 用作系动词，意为“仍旧是；保持不变”，其后可以跟形容词和 ，如例 1 和例 2；remain 用作不及物动词时，意为

3、“ ”，如例 3；【运用】依据汉语意思，完成句子；3. 三年后，李老师仍旧很美丽；miss li three years later.4. 我认为你现在必需留在上海；i think that you must shanghai now.keys:名词；逗留【呈现】l. my parents often encourage me in my studying.在学习上，父母常常勉励我；encourage2. my sister encourages me to sing a song in the party.我的姐姐勉励我在派对上唱一首歌；3. before the competition,

4、i really need my friends' encouragement.竞赛前，我真的需要伴侣们的勉励；【总结】 encourage 用作动词，意为“勉励；勉励”，后面可以跟sb，仍可以形成固定的搭配 ，表示“勉励某人做某事” ，如例 1 和例 2；它的名词形式是 ，如例 3；keys: encourage sb to do sth; encouragement依据汉语意思，完成句子；5. 妈妈勉励我去这所高校学习；mum me in this university.学习必备精品学问点6. 这个故事勉励了我很长一段时间；the story for a long time.短语保

5、藏夹 phrase collection1. as well除之外；也2. take care of照管；照管3. tell jokes讲笑话4. make fun of嘲再；取笑5. be strict about .对要求严格6. give up舍弃7. go to work上班8. all day and all night夜以继日操练场：unit 1短语聚会依据句意从上面挑选适当的短语并用其正确形式填空，补全句子；1. jack is a funny boy. he likes to very much.2. when we meet difficulties, the teacher

6、 always asks us not to .3. i think it is not good to these poor children.4. my parents will go out, and i need to my little sister.5. when i was young, my brother my maths.6. lily wants to watch this new movie, and i want to see it .7. the boss asked them to work .句型导航 sentence guide1. her dishes we

7、re probably the best in the world.【解析】“ the+形容词的最高级”表示“最”，如 the biggest， the tallest，the smallest 等等，其后常跟名词；在上面的句子中，the best 在整个句子中做表语；例如：her cakes maybe the nicest in the world.她的蛋糕可能是世界上最美味的；it is probably the smallest cat in the world.它可能是世界上最小的猫；2. mr li is strict about our study, but he always

8、encourages us and gives us support.【解析】 be strict about表示“对要求严格”，后面常跟sth，而 be strict with后面常跟sb，表示“对某人要求严格” ；例如：the teacher is strict about our english.老师对我们的英语要求严格；my parents are strict with me very much.我父母对我要求很严格；【跟踪练习】依据汉语提示，完成句子；1. 这本书中的故事是世界土最好玩的；the stories in this book are in the world.2. 高老

9、师对我们的作业要求很严格；mr gao our homework very much.学习必备精品学问点语法运用 grammar in use 【意义】冠词“ the”的用法定冠词用以特指人或事物，表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中特定的一个，以区分于同类中其他的人或事物，它可以和单、复数名词连用，也可以和不行数的名词连用；【详细用法】特指某（些）人或某（些）物；beijing is the capital of china. 北京是中国的首都；指上文已经提到的人或事物；lucy has a small room. and she keeps a cat in theroom.露西有一个小房子，

10、她在小房子里面养了一只猫；指世界上独一无二的事物；the sun 太阳 the earth 地球 the moon 月球用在序数词、形容词最高级前；the fist class begins at eight in the morning 第一节课早上八点开头； 用在由一般名词构成的专出名词前；the great wall 长城，the summer palace 颐和园用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人；the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the old 老人 the young年轻人用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩” ；the smiths are watching t

11、v .斯密斯一家正在看电视；用在方位词前；shengzhen is in the south of china.深圳在中国的南部；用在乐器名称前；play the piano 弹钢琴 play the guitar 弹吉他用在表示海洋、河流、山脉、群岛及国家名词前；the east china sea 东 海 the huairiver 淮 河 theusa 美国用在某些固定词组中；all the time始终 all the year round一年到头 in theend 最终【写作目标】section d for writing假设你是刘薇，是西安某中学的一名初一同学；暑假即将来临，你的

12、英国笔友 jack 写信告知你他准备下个月来西安观光游玩，期望你能给他简洁介绍一下西安；要求：按以下提示写一篇60-80 词的信进行介绍；提示：1西安位于中国的西北部；2历史悠久，有许多风景名胜，如兵马俑terra-cotta warriors 、钟楼 bell tower 、大雁塔 big wild goosepagoda 等 ； 3有各种各样美味的食物；4气候暖和：5每年成千上万的人前来游玩；【写作步骤】审题（一）第一应留意这是一封信件，因此应留意书信的格式；（二）留意时态；由于是介绍一般性的事物，所以全文应以一般现在时为主；学习必备精品学问点（三）初步成形；可以依据给出的中文提示先用简短

13、的句子表达出来；（四）连句成文；依据写出的句子适当扩展，使文章通顺、流畅；联想：写作本篇作文需要的词汇、短语和句型词汇： north-west, history, food, weather, visit短语： places of interest, such as, all kinds of, hundreds and thousands of组句成文dear jack,as the capital of shaanxi province, xi'an city is in the north-west of china. it has a very long history and

14、 there are many places of interest in xi'an, such as terra-cotta warriors, bell tower and big wild goose pagoda. xi'an isfamous for all kinds of deliciousfood. the weather in xi'anis warm. every year, hundreds and thousands of visitors from all over the world come to visit xi'an.i ho

15、pe one day we can visit it together.【一展身手】yours, liu wei假如你是linda ，你来自美国，现在在上海做交换生；你在美国的伴侣mike 对上海很奇怪，来信请你介绍一下上海；请你给他回一封信，要求不少于70 词；提示：1上海位于中国东部；2上海是一个现代化大都市，也是一个国际化的城市；3上海市民很友好；4上海有许多风景名胜，例如：外滩，东方电视塔，金茂大厦，豫园等；b2 版词语点将台 word power【呈现】1. beijing lies in the north of china.北京位于中国的北部；unit 2词语笔记lie2. th

16、e small town lies about two miles to the east of us.这个小镇坐落在我们以东约两英里的地方；3. he is an honest boy, and he never lies to others.= he is an honest boy, and he never tells lies.【总结】 lie 可以用作动词和名词；用作动词时，意为“位于；说谎”，当“位于”讲时，是不及物动词，后 接宾语时，要与介词连用，如例1 和例 2；在例 3 中，构成短语“ ”，表示“对某人说谎” ；用作名词时，意为“说谎” ，构成短语“ ”；【运用】keys:

17、lie to sb; telllies学习必备精品学问点依据汉语提示，完成句子；1. 超市位于市中心；the supermarket the centre of the city.2. 莉莉对老师说谎了；lily the teacher.prefer【呈现】1. i prefer tea to coffee.比起咖啡我更喜爱茶；2. mary prefers dancing to singing.比起唱歌玛丽更喜爱跳舞；3. he prefers to play badminton.他更喜爱打羽毛球；【总结】 prefer 用作动词，意为“ ”，构成短语“ preferto”，表示“比起更喜爱

18、”，如例 1 和例 2；仍可以构成短语“ ”，表示“更喜爱做某事”，如例 3；keys: 更喜爱 ; prefer to do sth【运用】依据汉语提示，完成句子；3. 比起漫步，杰克更喜爱跑步；jack running walking.4. 杰瑞更喜爱学习新事物；jerry learn new things.【呈现】1. she finished her homework at 9 o'clock last night.她昨晚上九点做完作业；finish2. my sister did not finish speaking until 2:30 yesterday afterno

19、on.我姐姐直到昨天下午两点半才完成她的演讲；【总结】 finish 用作动词，意为“ ”，后接名词，如例1；构成短语“ ”，表示“完成做某事”，如例 2；【运用】依据汉语提示，完成句子；5. 他是最终一个完成工作的；he is the last one to .6. 十年前，他就完成了他的著作；ten years ago, he his writing.keys:完成 ; finishdoing sth短语保藏夹 phrase collection1. western europe西欧2. places of interest名胜3. department store百货商店4. be fa

20、mous for以而闻名unit 2短语聚会学习必备精品学问点5. in the centre of在中心6. prefer to do sth更喜爱做某事7. try doing sth尝试做某事8. be close to接近于9. be different from不同于10. go on holiday去度假11. go sightseeing去观光操练场：依据句意，从上面挑选适当的短语，并用其正确形式填空，补全句子；1. there are many daily products in the .2. although i can't speak english well,

21、i it well all the time.3. there are many developed countries in .4. the summer holiday is coming, and we will to lijiang.5. xi'an its delicious snacks.句型导航 sentence guide1. this year, why not visit france.【解析】 why not do sth.意为“为什么不？” 例如：why not get up early.= why don't you get up early.为什么不

22、早点起床呢？why not go on a picnic this weekend.= why don't you go on a picnic this weekend.为什么这周不去野餐呢？2. it is not only beautiful, but also strange it leans to one side.【解析】“ not onlybut also”意为“不但而且”，例如：lucy is not only my sister but also my best friend.露西不但是我的妹妹仍是我最好的伴侣；he is not only a teacher but

23、 also a football player.他不仅是一位老师仍是一名足球运动员；3. today, it is known as 'the leaning tower of pisa'.【解析】 be known as 意为“作为而出名” ，它的后面可以跟表示某种职业或某物的名词；例如：he is known as a writer.他作为作家而出名；jolin is known as a singer.蔡依林作为歌星而出名；【跟踪练习】依据汉语提示，完成句子；1. 为什么不去购物呢？ go shopping.2. 我哥哥不仅会唱歌仍会跳舞；学习必备精品学问点my brot

24、her can dance sing.3. 章子怡作为一个电影明星出名；zhang ziyi a movie star.语法运用 grammar in use 专出名词的定义：专出名词之聚会专出名词表示特定的人名、地名或组织机构的名称，专出名词一般具有独一性；除个别外，专出名词通常没有复数形式；例如：1人名、地名：jenny 珍妮 smith 史密斯china 中国 asia 亚洲 london 伦敦2组织机构、时间、书籍报刊等的名称： the united nations 联合国bank of china 中国银行may 五月份sunday 星期天time时代周刊the guardian 卫

25、报 3家庭关系名称、个人头衔：mum 妈妈grandpa 爷爷 doctor black 布莱克医生captain grey 格雷船长mr hopkins 霍普金斯先生miss white 怀特小姐专出名词的留意事项：1由于专出名词具有专有独一性，所以一般情形下，专出名词的第一个字母要大写，不能在专出名词的前面加上不定冠词“a”，也不能在专出名词词尾加上表示复数形式的“s”；如：beijing is the capital of china.北京是中国的首都；但是有时专出名词可以转化成为一般名词，转化后它就具有一般名词的特性了，即可以在其前面加上不定冠词“ a”，在其词尾加上表示复数形式的“-

26、s”；以下是专出名词转化成可数一般名词的例子：a mr green called you just now.刚才有位格林先生给你打了电话；此时 a mr green =a man called mr green i knew a john lennon, but not the famous one.我熟悉一个叫约翰·菜农的人，但不是闻名的那一位；there are three johns in this class.这个班里有三个叫约翰的人；此时 three johns= three persons called john 2姓氏是专出名词，一般没有复数形式，而且也不能加定冠词“

27、the”；但是， 当姓氏的前面加定冠词“ the”，在后面加上“ -s”，表示“一家人” ；如：the smiths are watching tv in the dinning room.史密斯一家正在客厅看电视；3有些专出名词表面上看是复数形式，但是在实际使用中谓语动词通常采纳单数形式；如：the united nations was organized in 1945.学习必备精品学问点联合国是 1945 年组建起来的？【实战演练】翻译以下短语；1美国 2巴黎 3格林一家 4中国日报 5布朗夫人 【呈现】1. what does this word mean.这个单词是什么意思？2. m

28、ary means to go on holiday in hainan.玛丽准备去海南度假；3. losing the match means failing.输掉了竞赛意味着失败；4. her mother is very mean with money.她妈妈在金钱方面很吝啬；unit 3词语笔记mean【总结】 mean 作动词讲时，意为“ ”如例 1；可以构成短语“ ”，表示“准备做某事” ，如例 2； mean doing 表示“意味着” ，如例 3； mean 仍可以作形容词，意为“ ”，如例 4；keys: 表示的意思；mean to do sth；吝啬的【运用】依据汉语提示，

29、完成句子；1. 张叔叔很吝啬；uncle zhang is .2. 不说话意味着舍弃；not speaking .【呈现】1. his parents don't allow him to go out at night.他父母不答应他晚上外出；2. we do not allow speaking aloud in the hall.大厅里不答应大声说话；3 no dogs allowed.不准携狗入内；allow【总结】 allow 作动词讲时，意为“答应”，可构成短语“ ”，表示“答应某人做某事”，如例 1；仍可以构成短语“ ”表示“答应做某事” ，如例 2； allow 仍可以

30、意为“ ”，如例 3；keys： allow sb to do sth; 答应进入（或出去、通过）【运用】依据汉语提示，完成句子；3不答应取笑别人；making fun of others is not .4我妈妈不答应我和生疏人说话；学习必备精品学问点my mother doesn't talk with strangers.apologize【呈现】1. he lost my book, so he apologized to me.他弄丢了我的书，所以他给我赔礼；2. kerry apologized for coming late.凯莉为迟到而赔礼；3. she receive

31、d a letter of apology.她收到了一封赔礼信；【总结】 apologize 作动词讲时，意为“赔礼”，可以构成短语“ ”，表示“向某人赔礼” ，如例1； 仍可以构成短语“ ”，表示“由于某事而赔礼”，如例 2；其名词形式为“ ”，如例 3；keys ： apologize to sb; apologize for sth; apology【运用】依据汉语提示，完成句子；5你必需向你姐姐赔礼；you must your sister.6莉莉由于缺席会议而致歉；lily not attending the meeting.短语保藏夹phrase collectionunit 3短

32、语聚会1. arrive at 到达2. by oneself 独自3. lead sb to 带着（某人）到4. fall asleep 入睡5. wake up 醒来6. get down 蹲下；趴下7. next to 紧挨着8. fire engine 消防车9. go to swim 去游泳10. move towards 接近11. far away 遥远12. push away 推开13. follow sb 跟随某人14. swim away 游走15. save one's life 救某人的命操练场：依据句意，从上面挑选适当的短语，并用其正确形式填空，补全句子；1

33、. the thief is the old couple.2. the supermarket is too , so i have to go there by bus.3. the girl her mother , because they were quarreling just now.4. tim worked for a long time and he felt very tired, so he quickly.5. he at 6 o'clock every morning.6. the guide us many places of interest.7. th

34、e little boy and picked his book up.8. when the fire happened, the came soon.语法运用grammar in use今日，咱们来明白一下代词家族中的一名成员：反身代词；反身代词又称为自身代词，表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身；它仍可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气；【粉墨登场】学习必备精品学问点英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应留意和其所指对象在人称、性别、数上保持一样；其基本形式如下表所示：第一人称其次人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself herself itself复数ourselvesyo

35、urselvesthemselves【用法呈现】1可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个人或事物；如： maria bought herself a scarf.玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾； we must look after ourselves well.我们必需照管好自己；2可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物；如： she isn't quite herself today.她今日有点不舒适；3可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气；如：she herself will fly to london tomorrow.明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦；i met th

36、e writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人；4用在某些固定短语当中；如：look after oneself/ take care of oneself 照管自己teach oneself sth learn sth by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得兴奋；过得开心help oneself to sth 任凭吃喝些say to oneself 自言自语lose oneself in 沉迷于；沉醉于之中leave sb by oneself 把某人单独留下【温馨提示】反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用、如：我自己

37、能完成作业；（误） myself can finish my homework.（正） i myself can finish my homework. i can finish my homework myself.【实战演练】用合适的反身代词填空；1. don't be nervous, and just enjoy you.2. he learnt to play the guitar by he.3. she goes to school her.4. my parents are not in, so i must look after i.5. they always li

38、ke talking to they.句型导航sentence guide1. with charlie's help, john put some wet towels along the bottom of the door.【解析】 with one's help 意为“在的帮忙下”；例如：with jane's help, i finished my homework quickly.在简的帮忙下，我很快就完成了我的作业；with the teacher's help, we made a big cake.学习必备精品学问点在老师的帮忙下，我们做了一个

39、大蛋糕；2. a fireman arrived and got him out of the building, but the fireman did not want to take charlie.【解析】 get sb out of.意为“使某人从出来”；例如：the police got the man out of danger.警察从险境中救出了这个人；my mum got me out of my room.我妈妈让我从房间里出来；3. as soon as i stepped onto the beach, the dolphin swam away.【解析】 as soo

40、n as意为“一就” ；例如：as soon as i get home, i will call you.我一回到家就给你打电话；as soon as she could walk, her father took her to the park.她刚会走路，她爸爸就带她去公园；【跟踪练习】依据汉语提示，完成句子；1在我哥哥的帮忙下，我学会了游泳； , i learned to swim. 2罗斯让他儿子从教室里出来；rose her son the classroom.3老师一来我们就不说话了； the teacher arrived, we stopped talking.【呈现】1.

41、i want to discuss with you about this problem.关于这个问题，我想和你争论一下；unit 4 词语笔记discuss2. we need to discuss where we shall go this weekend.我们需要争论一下周末去哪儿；3. we should have a discussion about this project.我们必需争论一下这个项目；【总结】 discuss 用作动词，意为“争论；商议”； 表示“与某人争论” ，如例 1；而 discuss 后面也可以跟从句，如例2；其名词形式是 ；【运用】依据汉语意思，完成句

42、子；1我昨天和莉莉商议了一下我们的方案；i lily about our plan yesterday.2我们需要商议一下什么时候去上海；we need to we shall go to shanghai.【呈现】1. we shouldn't fight at school.fightkeys: discuss with sb; discussion学习必备精品学问点我们在学校不能打架；2. the soldiers fight for freedom.战士们为自由而战；3. we should try our best to fight against poverty.我们应当努

43、力与贫困作斗争；4. the two boys had a fight over money.这两个男孩为了钱吵了一架；【总结】 fight 可用作动词和名词；用作动词时，意为“打架；战役”；表示“为而战” ，如例 2； 表示“与做斗争” ，如例 3； fight 用作名词时，意为“争执：战役”，如例 4；keys: fight for; fight against【运用】依据汉语意思，完成句子；3战士们为了世界的和平而战；the soldiers the peace of the world.4我们要帮忙这些贫困的孩子与饥饿作斗争；we should help these poor chil

44、dren hunger.imagine【呈现】1. i can't imagine the future life of these people.我不能想象这些人将来的生活；2. close your eyes, and imagine that you are in a big forest.闭上你的眼睛，设想你身处一片大森林中；3. tom imagines traveling around the world.汤姆想象着周游世界；4. just use your imagination to think about this problem.用你的想象力来考虑这个问题；【总结】

45、 imagine 用作动词，意为“想象；设想”，后面既可以直接跟宾语，也可以跟从句，如例1 和例 2； 表示“想象做某事” ，如例 3；它的名词形式是 ，如例 4；keys: imagine doing sth; imagination【运用】依据汉语意思，完成句子；5我很难想象你的家乡是什么样的；i can hardly your hometown looks like.6我想象自己将来在这所高校读书；i in this university in the future.短语保藏夹phrase collectionunit 4 短语聚会1. take in 吸取2. come from 来自

46、3. for example 例如4. in fact准确地说5. look around环顾四周6. be made of由制成7. millions of大量的；数以百万计的8. be good for对有好处操练场：依据句意从上面挑选适当的短语并用其正确形式填空，补全句子；学习必备精品学问点1. tourists come to visit my hometown every year.2. giving up smoking our health.3. these chairs wood.4. do you know where our english teacher .5. i but didn't find my bike.6. , the beautiful lady is only twenty-four years old.句型导航sentence guide1. they are home to birds and animals.【解析】 be home to表示“是的栖息地”；例如：australasia is home