初中英语-介词专项2

1、介词一概念： 介词用来说明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分, 介词短语= 介词 +介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当）介词的作用表地点、位置、方向的介词介词above, around, at,behind, between, by, down, from, in, up, in front of, into, onto, near,off,out,over,through,under, towards,表时间的介词by, in, on ,over, with其他介词like, with, without, from, next, to二、常用

2、1、in在.之内1 表示地点，表示大地点；shes in china with her mom and dad.2表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内the weather is cold in winter.3 表示颜色和语言也用介词in；do you know the girl in red.i can write this article in english.2、from从.中来1) come fromi come from china and im chinese.2) download fromi download music from the internet.3) be differ

3、ent fromlily s habits are different from lindas.3. with和，用，与1 with sb 和.人在一起im in class one with daming and lingling. 2） with sth. 表示用某种工具i write with my pen, and i see with my eyes. 4. at 在.1) 表地点，主小地点；my father is a teacher at beijing international school.2) 表时间，主指时间的一个点；i get up at half past seve

4、n in the morning.3) be good at善于于.iam good at reading and writing.5. behind在.后面the classrooms are behind the offices.6. next to紧挨着the library is next to the classrooms.7. in front of在.前面they are in front of tony and daming.8. for为了.，由于；thank you for your email. 9. on 在.上，在 .时1） 表示时间，表示详细的一天；would yo

5、u like to go to a football match on sunday. 2） 表示地点on the farmon the playground10. to 自，向1） talk to 与.谈论we have a break and i talk to my friends.2 go to 去he likes films and he often goes to the cinema. 3） welcome to 欢迎到 .welcome to beijing zoo.4） listen to 听they always listen to music.5） connect.to

6、和.连接一起please connect the monitor to the computer first.1三、常用的介词的区分： in, to, on 在方位名词前的区分1. in 表示 a 地在 b 地范畴之内，如 taiwan is in the southeast of china.2. to 表示 a 地在 b 地范畴之外（有距离） ，如： japan lies to the east of china.3. on 表示 a 地与 b 地接壤、毗邻，如： north korea is on the east of china. at, in, on, by 在表示时间上的区分1.

7、 at 指时间表示：（1）时间的点、时刻等；they came home at noon（ at sunrise, at midnight, at ten oclock, at daybreak）.（2）较短暂的一段时间；可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子；he went home at new year （ at christmas, at the spring festiva）l .2. in 指时间表示：（1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）内；in 2004, in march, in spring, in the morning, in t

8、he evening（2）在一段时间之后；一般用于将来时，谓语动词为非连续性动词，意为“在以后”；he will arrive in two hours.（3）谓语动词为连续性动词时，in 意为“在以内” ；these products will be made in a month.3. on 指时间表示：（1）详细的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、节日、星期几等, on christmas day there will be a party.（2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上；he arrived at 8oclock on the night of friday.（3）准时，按时；if t

9、he train can be on time, i should get home before dark.4. by 指时间表示：（1）不迟于，在（某时）前；如： he will come by six o clock.（2）在间，在的时候；如： he worked by day andstudiedby night. near, by, beside, at 表示“在邻近”时的区分1. near 表示相对的近，实际距离可能仍很远；suzhou is near shanghai.2. by 和 beside都表示靠近，实际距离不很远，但 beside比 by 更详细地表示出“在旁边”的意思

10、；he was sitting beside her. he is walking by the river.3. at 也有“在旁边”的意思，但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置，而 by 和 beside仅表示位置关系；如： the students are sitting at the table listening to the teacher.several students are sitting by / beside the door talking about a music. at, in 和 on 表示地点时的区分1. at 表示地点：（1）用于指较小的地方；arrive at

11、，接小地方i will wait for you at the station.（2）用于门牌号码前；he lives at 11 zhongshan road.2. in 表示地点： arrivein接较大地方he lives in shanghai.3. on 表示地点，一般指与面或线接触，意为“在上；在旁”；the picture was hanging on the wall.2. besides, except,but 表示“除外”之间的区分1. besides表示“除了以外，仍有” ，具有附加性质；如：besides xiaoming , we also went to see t

12、he film.留意： besides用于否定句中时，与except, but同义，可互换；如：we have no other books besides / except these.2. except表示“除外”，具有排它性质；如：we all went to see the film exceptxiaoming.（王先生没去）3. but 意为“除了”，与 except 同义， except 强调被排除的部分， but 就强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词 ；nobody knew it but me. above, over, on, up 表示“在上”之间的区分1. above

13、指“上方”，表示相对高度，不肯定在正上方，其反义词为below； were flying above the clouds.2. over 指“在正上方” ，表示垂直上方，其反义词为under； the bridge is over the river.3. on 表示“在上面” ，与物体表面接触，与beneath相对；there is a map on the wall.4. up 表示动作的方憧憬上，反义词为down；如：please stand upwith, from, for, at表示缘由的区分1. with 表示缘由，指由于外界而影响到内部，意为“由于；由于”；the littl

14、e girl was shivering with cold.2. from 表示动机、疲惫、痛楚等缘由；she did it from a sense of duty.3. for 常表示为了某一目的、事业的缘由；i do apologize for keeping you waiting.4. at 表示缘由，指“听到；看到；想到”等；at the news they felt very glad. for 和 of 的用法区分试比较： it's impossible for me to watch tv after eleven o'clock. it's kin

15、d of you to help me.两句中介词的挑选依据其前形容词而定 ,一般来说 ,of 之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪慧与否，细心与马虎等； for 之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必定性，难易程度等； by ，with ，in 的用法区分by 表示" 以.的方式，方法，手段 "和 "乘某种交通工具 "；with 指" 借助于详细的手段或工具" ；in 表示" 以.方式，用语言，文字等媒介" ；i solved the problem by this way.i cu

16、t the apple with a knife.he speaks with us in english. after 和 in的用法区分这两个介词都可以表示时间" 在以后 " 的意思；其区分是：after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子；i went home after 10 o'clock yesterday. the train will arrive in ten minutes.3小试牛刀：一：用 by,beside,near,beyond 填空1. the li

17、ttle girl is sitting her mother.2. there is a white car our school.3. many shops are our home.4. our city there is a river.二：1. the post office is the police station and the library.a. betweenb. amongc. in2. i can t finish my work your help.a. withb. withoutc. in3. thank you me to have dinner.a. for

18、 inviteb. of invitec. for inviting4. why are you standing, alice.-i can t see the blackboard clearly. otwtall boys are sitting me.a. behindb. next toc. in front of5. if you do things , usually you can t do them well.a. in a hurryb. from now onc. just now6. what a nice day. we should go sightseeing w

19、atching tv in the hotel.a. because ofb. instead ofc. together with7. your coat looks very nice. what s it made .- cotton, and it is made wuhan.a. from, inb. of, inc. from, on8. -when and where you born.-i was born october 1 st, 1998 suzhou.a. on, onb. in, inc. on, in9. there will be many robots peop

20、le s homes ten years.a. in, /b. in, inc. in, after10. all the workers went home yesterday mr white. why.-because he was on duty.a. exceptb. besidesc. except for11. it s very kind them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me home.a. forb. toc. of12. a ufo landed the center street.a. atb. on

21、c. in13. the spring festival, the heavy snow stopped many people from back home.a. during, goingb. in, goc. on, goes24. think it over you write the answer.a. beforeb. afterc. on答案：一： 1. by,2. beside,3. near,4. beyond二： 1.a2. b3. c4. c5a6. b7b8 c9 c10a11 c12 b13. a14. a4勤加磨练：1. the teacher is not onl

22、y strict his pupils but also strict his own work.a. with, withb.in,inc. in, with d. with, in2. my father began to work a bus driver when he was twenty years old. a.forb.toc.atd.as3 .i don' t think xiao li is the other students mathematics.a. after, onb. after, with c. behind, in d. behind, at4.

23、nobody knows it me.a. except forb. except thatc. besidesd. but5. the window is never opened in summer.a. butb. except c. except for d. but for6. we go to school a bike.a. inb.onc.byd.ove7. it's very kind you to repair the bike me. a.for.forb.of,ofc.of,ford.for,of8. fresh air is good your health.

24、 a.atb.forc.ofd.to9. the boy is waiting his sister and they will go to the hospital to wait their sick mother.a. for,onb.on,forc.for,ford.on.on 10.the pla man saved the boy death.a. ofb.fromc.tod.on11. he will come three days.a. beforeb.afterc. ind. later12 he went to beijing and returned three days

25、.a. inb. beforec. laterd. after13. he will return three o'clock. a.afterb.inc.ond.at14 he wrote the article three days. a.atb.inc.ond.by15 i agree what you said.a. tob.onc.withd.at16. do you agree this plan arrangement. a.atb.withc.ond.to17. finally they agreed the terms of the contract. a.onb.t

26、oc.withd.at18. do you often hear your brother.a. ofb. fromc. out ofd. about19.1 heard the book long ago, but i have never read it.a. outb.fromc.ofd.with20. the plane flew the city.a. acrossb.pastc. throughd.over21. we walked the tian an men square to the museum of chinese history.a. acrossb. through

27、c.byd.pasti. was wandering the streets when i caught sight of a tailor's shop.a. acrossb. throughc.byd.past523. our bus drove the great hall of the people.a. acrossb. throughc. pastd.over24. the sun, nothing would grow.forb.withc. underd. without25. the teacher is busy teaching. a.withb.forc.ond

28、.of26. the teacher is busy correcting papers.a. forb.inc.ond.of27. we left xi' an _. a very hot summer afternoon.a. onb.inc. duringd.by28. his teacher was angry him his being late. a.at,withb.at,forc.with,ford.with,about29. my father was disappointed the news.a. byb. aboutc. atd. o30. mr wang we

29、nt to nanjing october,1998 and came back home the morning of nov. 5. a.at;inb.on;atc.in;ond.by;from31 .my uncle lives 105 huanghe street. his room is the fifth floor.a. at;onb.td;atc.on;ind.of;to32. i don't think you can work out the maths problem the teacher's help.a. sinceb. unlessc. becau

30、se d. without33. - do you go there bus. - no, we go there a train.a. in; onb.on;onc.by;ind.by; with34. the trees front of the house are the charge of old li.a. in; inb. at; inc. in; byd. from; in35. the old man died cold a cold night.a. from; atb.of;inc.of;ond. for; during36. does john know any othe

31、r foreign languages french.a. exceptb. butc. besides d. beside37. - how long has the bookshop been in business.- 1982.a. afterb.inc.fromd.since38. did you have any trouble the post office.a. to have foundb. with findingc. to findd. in finding 39.to tell you the truth, i have nothing to do it.a.about

32、b.withc.ford.of40. taiwan is the east of fujian.a. inb.atc.tod.on41 his father will be back from london a few days.a. sinceb.inc.ond.after42 .the word "write" has the same pronunciation the word "right"关.a. ofb.asc.tod.from系代词43. the train leaves 6: 00 p. m. so i have to be at th

33、e station 5:40 p. m. at the latest.a. at; until 连续b. for; after c.at;by（瞬时）d. before; around44. we will be in nanjing tuesday thursday.a. on/ throughb. on/toc. from/tod. on./till45. there are many beautiful birds the tree.a. onb. atc. ind. besides61-5ddcdb6-10bcbab11-15cdabc16-20dabcd21-25abcda26-30

34、b adcc31-35adcca36-40cc ddd41-45bbcbbc （应到 43 答案有误）中学英语常用介词短语1) at once立刻2) at last最终3) at first起先，第一4) at the age of在岁时5) at the end of在之末6) at the beginning of在之初7) at the foot of在脚下8) at the same time同时9) at night/noon在夜里 /中午10) with one's help在某人的帮忙下，由于某人的帮忙11with the help of在 的 帮 助下 12with

35、a smile面带笑容13) with one's own eyes亲眼观察14) after a while过了一会儿15) from now on从现在起16) from then on从那时起17) far example例如18) far away from远离19) from morning till night从早到晚20) by and by不久21) by air mail寄航空邮件22) by bike/air/train/bus骑自行车 /乘飞机 /火车/汽车23) by ordinary mail寄平信24) by the way顺便说25) by the win

36、dow在窗边26) by the end of到底为止27) little by little逐步地28) in all总共29) in fact事实上30) in one's twenties在某人二十几岁时31) in a hurry匆忙32) in the middle of在中间33) in no time in a minute立刻，很快 34in time on time准时 35in public公众，公开地 36in order to为了37) in front of在前面38) in the sun在阳光下39) in the end最终，最终40) in surpr

37、ise诧异地41) in turn依次42) of course当然43a bit of有一点儿44a lot of很多45a little一点儿46) on one's way to 某人在去的路上47) on foot 步行，走路48a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告49on the other hand 另一方面50at/on the weekend在周末 51on the left right在左右边 52on the other side of在另一边 53on the radio通过收音机 无线电广播 54) to one's joy使兴奋的是55)

38、 to one's surprise使诧异的是介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语1） .介词与动词搭配do well in在方面做得好arrive inat到达give in投降ask for要，恳求go on连续7hear from收到来信hear of听说help's b.with sth.帮忙做laugh at嘲笑learn from向学习talk to 与谈话take down拿下，取了look at（有意识地）看speak to对某人take away拿走，带走think of考虑，关怀wait for等候，等待turn on off打开（关上listen to听look

39、 after照料，照看look for查找look like看上去像get to到达fill with布满，装满begin with以开头meet with有时遇见，遭受pass on传递belong to属于write to写信给call on号召， 拜访，邀请smile at向微笑look out向四下看，处处看2） .介词与名词搭配in time准时in life一生中on time准时，按时in front of在前面on foot步行by bus乘公共汽车at home在家in english用英语in the middle在中间at night在晚上at noon在中午with a

40、 smile带着微笑of course当然（可以）in a hurry匆忙，赶忙in a minute一会by the way顺便说说问问at first第一，起初at last最终，最终at the meeting在会上on ones way to在的路上in the sun在阳光下in a tree在树上in surprise诧异地at once立刻，立刻at the foot of在脚下at all压根儿at dinner在吃正餐at the table在桌子旁at work在工作at school在学校at the back of在后面 at the beginning of在开头 a

41、t the end of在结尾at the same time同时，然而by train乘火车day by day日复一日one by one一个接一个 in a word总而言之，一句话 in fact事实上in the street在街上in the end最终，最终in no time立刻，很快in order按次序，整齐， 正常in order to为了，以便in the day在白天in line成始终线in a short while不久in all总共，总计in town在城里on the left right在左右边 on the one handon the other hand一方面另一方面on top of在顶上in public当众，公开地out of work失业83介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配be made of由制成be angry with sb. 对某人愤怒be