初中英语UNIT4知识点

1、unit 4学案1 come about常用于疑问句或否定句中；how did these differences come about.how did it come about that the sculptures appealed to you. this has not come about overnight.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒梳理： 1 tell me how the car accident came about.2) did you hear what happened to her.3) great changes have taken place in our city

2、 in the last few years.4) a fire broke out during the night. 大事的发生有某种缘由或事先的支配： 偶然或突发性大事： 发生或想到，突然想起，意为发生时=happen: whathas occurred. i occurred to me that she didnmt okvneodwini thoatdhe new house.comeabout 事情发生了，但仍不知道为什么；常用于否定和疑问when mother woke up, she didn t know what had come a_b_o_u_t. 常指战争灾难疾病争

3、执大事的发生练习：it s already 10:00. i wonder how it that she was two hours late on such a short trip.a. came overb. came aboutc. come aboutd. came up2. quantity数量changing in quantity leads to changing in quality.1) quantities of food /books were sent to the earthquake area.2) a large quantity of food/ book

4、s was/were sent to the earthquake area.梳理： a quantityof 可接 和 ，作主语时谓语动词的数以 而定；quantities of 可接 和 , 作主语时谓语 ；3. result in导致1) stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.2) the accident resulted in the death of two people.梳理 : result in: “导致”前 后 同义短语 result from: 由.产生 ;由.导致；前 后 as a re

5、sult 因此 ; 结果 as a result of 作为 .的结果 ;由于without result无效地 , 毫无结果地；联想：consequence4. tend vt.趋向 , 往往是；照管 , 护理tendency n. 趋向，倾向（常与to/towards 连用）1) most of boys tend to enjoy playing basketball.2) a team of medical workers were sent to tend the survivors of whenchuanearthquake.3) nowadays there is a grow

6、ing tendency for people to shop on the internet.练习： a sudden change in temperature to bring rain or snow.a. getsb. turnsc. hopesd. tends 5.depend on/ upon+ n 依靠 ,依靠 , 确 坚信you can t depend on your parents forever. depend on/upon+sb.+to do 盼望某人做you can t depend on him to come on time.depend on/upon +i

7、t +that盼望 .you may depend on it that he will come.that all depends./ it all depends. 口语 视情形而定， i may help you. but that/ it depends.6. asas one can = asas possibleplease come here as soon as possible.= please come here as soon as you can.as many as 多达/as long as 长达 ,只要 / as far as 远至 ,就而论 / as wella

8、s 和一样好 ,也,和 /as early as 早在7. trap vt. / n.拦住圈套they finally trapped the mouse in a cage. she was trapped in the burning house.8. keep.from. stop. from. preventfrom.you should clean your room to keep it from getting dirty.你应当打扫房间以保持洁净；keep doing连续 / keep out 拦住使进不去/keep up with跟上9. what do you think

9、green house gases do.你认为温室气体有什么作用呢.本句中think后接了一个由what引导的宾语从句；但应留意的是：特别宾语从句即当一般疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe ， suppose， consider, imagine ，guess 和 suggest 等时，表疑问的词要放在主句前即句首；例如： 正 who do you think will win in the game. 误 do you think who will win in the game.当然一般情形下宾语从句的疑问词应放在主句之后，例如： 误 why do you know we

10、can't cut down the big tree. 正 do you know why we can't cut down the big tree. when compared to other natural changes 是一个省略的时间状语从句，其完整的形式应当是when it is compared to在时; 间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中， 假如从句和主句为同一主语，或者从句的主语是it, 而且从句中的谓语动词时动词be 或含有助动词be，可省略主语和be 如：if it is so, you must get back and get it. al

11、though he was criticized, he still worked hard.he hurt his legs badly when he was playing football.10. compare compare to/ with:与相比compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate. compare a with b ：相比（不同）if you compare her work with his, you will find hers is much better. compare a to b ：

12、把 a 比作 ba teacher's work is often compared to a candle.compared with is similar to people often compare teachers to gardeners.人们常常把老师比做园丁；11. there is no doubt that毫无疑. 问.there is no doubt that he can come on time.doubt 的宾语从句：确定句whether / if / that .he doubted whether they would be able to help.

13、否定句 thathe never doubted that they would win the game. beyond / without doubt无疑地12. phenomenon sing. phenomena pl.the phenomena of nature 自然现象/a social phenomenon 社会现象13. subscribe vi. vt.subscribe to 同意赞同，支持订阅签名i subscribe to your opinion completely. 同意赞同 i subscribe to a weekly women s（m订ag阅az报in纸

14、e 杂志）she subscribes to a society which helps to protect animals 捐 款 ） 14 without the green house e，ffetchte earth would be about thirty-threedegrees celsius cooler than it is这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句=ifthere were no “greenhouse effect”th, e earth would be about thirty-three degrees celsius cooler than it is. but

15、for electricity= if there were no electricity ， there would be no modem industry 要是没有电，就不会有现代工业.15. add v.add up 加起来 add up these figures, please.add up to 合计达add to 增加if you add 4 to 3 , you get 716. go up:上升，增长；响起； （幕布）升起；破产cigarettes are going up in price.上涨 unemployment has gone up again.增加the c

16、urtain goes up on a suburban living-room. 舞台幕布 拉起go up in smoke 化为乌有go by经过go through经受，遭到go on 前进17. oppose vt.& vi. 反对，抗争；使相对；使对比；抵制most citizens opposed the new tax.大部分市民反对新税；the mother opposed her daughtergosing there alone.这位母亲反对她女儿一个人去那儿i m strongly oppoesd to your plan. 我坚决反对你的方案；his daug

17、hter is very athletic, as opposed to his son, who is very clever. 他的女儿善于运动，他的儿子却善于动脑，两人形成鲜明的对比；oppose sth 反对某事oppose doing sth 反对干某事be opposed to sth./doing sth.反对 as opposed to介词 与对比下表示 “反对 ”的短语：be against 反对，不同意； object to doingsth. 反对，厌恶； object that对提出异议；18. consequencen.结果，成果； 逻 结论；重要性；推论the ri

18、se in lung cancers was a consequence of cigarette smoking. 肺癌的增长是吸烟造成的结果； i m afraid you你恐re怕ill.是病了吧 it s of no consequen不ce要. 紧as a consequence of a great fire the house was completely destroyed. 由于大火，房子被彻底毁坏了；who should answer for theconsequence of the accident. 谁应当为这起事故负责？be of no/little/great/m

19、uch +consequence 不/特别重要as a consequence of= in consequence 结of 果（是 take the consequence of 承担责任 ） ，由于 answer for the consequences 对后果负责；19. mild adj.1) 温顺的 ,温顺的he is the mildest man alive.他是世上最和善的人了；2) 温和的 ,温和的it's been a mild winter this year.今年的冬天始终很温和；3) 味淡的 ,不浓烈的please make my drink a mild o

20、ne.请把我的酒调得淡一点；4) 稍微的 ,不重的 ;宽大的he was given a mild punishment.他被从轻发落；20. state;statementthe witness stated that she had never seen mr. smith 陈述 ;声明 ;说明ice is the solid state of water .形状in china, the railway are owned by the state. 国家 ,政府there are 50 states in americaeverything was in a state of diso

21、rder. 状态the president has made an important statement about the matter.state 是常用词，只人或物所处的外表、心理、健康及所处的情形等方面的情形，但不如condition详细，只用作单数形式；the house was in a dirty state.condition是常用词， 1 用作单数形式， 表示人或物目前所处的真实具体状态， 尤指内在状态，可与 state 替用；eg. be in poor/good condition2 用作复数形式时，笼统地表示一般状态；eg. poor working conditio

22、ns situation是一般用词，尤指处于某时期的状况，境况，局面，形势；指 各种详细情形综合起来的状态，多指危险或重大的事态，强调外部因素对该事态的影响， 常用作单数形式；eg.find oneself in an embarrassing situationposition （ 1）有利的状况 （如竞争中或战争中的） （ 2）尤作单数 境况，情势（尤指影响某人行为的才能） eg.i am not in a position to help you.我帮不了你；21. range n 范畴； vt. 变化，变动，排列1) the children s ages in this nurser

23、y range from 2 to 5/ between 2 and 5.2) the goods are ranged in order.3) the money i possess now is not beyond the range of ￥ 10.22 put up with忍耐；容忍1) we have to put up with her bad temper.2) i can t put up with living with such people.短 语 归 纳 : put aside ；put away ；put down ; put on put off ； put o

24、ut ； put up ； put forward come up with ; keep up with ; catch up with 链接高考 :tom would like to find somewhere to work because he can not the boss.a. come up withb. catch up withc. keep up withd. put up with检测验收单词拼写the disease is becoming more .分布广的 the law come into in 1918. 存在 so far, many astronaut

25、s have entered space for research外. 部的 i was asked to give a short on the aims of the plan.展现 it s very convenient to cook in a ove微n.波 he at today s newspaper and walke瞥d了ou一t.眼 on 平均 , how much do you earn per month.平均 expertsstated thatglobaltemperature wouldshowa 趋势 to increase.this is a formal

26、party so you d better not wear 随 便 c的lothes.he much time and energy in writing this book. 消耗 largeofgood clothes are being sold in the supermarket on national day. 大量 we that the students cheat the teacher in the exams. 反 对 factories have been urged to switch from coal to a cleaner .燃料 this had the

27、unexpected that he got fired.后果 one of the 现象 that drew my attention was magnetism磁力；单项挑选1. the prices of beer from 50 cents to 4 per liter during the summer season.a. foundb. rangedc. separatedd. differed2. ann is careless sometimes, but , she is a hardworking student.a. to tell you the truthb. bel

28、ieve it or notc. that is to sayd. on the whole3. there are many inconveniences不便利 you have towhen youare camping.a. put up withb. put upc. put offd. put away4. all my family, i sincerely thank you for what you have done for us.a. on behalf ofb. representc. stand ford. instead of5. you can go out, yo

29、u promise to be back before 11 o clock.a. as far asb. so far asc. whend. as/so long as6. don texpect toomuchofhim.afterall,he isa childof intelligence.a. slightb. averagec. stranged. different7. under no circumstances, to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn't for her

30、family and herself.a. lily will agreeb. will lily agreec. lily will disagreed. will lily disagree8. he offered me some coffee with which to my spirit.a. renewb. refreshc. recreated. reshape9. the woman stayed at home to her very sick child.a. tendb. educatec. refreshd. advocate语法练习1. ilike inthe autumn when the weather is clear and bright.a. thisb. thatc. itd. one2. he