初中英语复合句中考专项讲解与练习

1、孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺鹰击长空 基础不丢一、 宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中考主要考查的学问点有三个：引导词、语序和时态1、宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that；2）whether/ if ；3）特别疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等；he said that he could help me.your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？（ 1） that 引导的宾

2、语从句：that 引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that 没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，that 可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整；he said that he could come on time.他说他会准时来的；（ 2） whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句：从属连词if, whether 引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或挑选疑问转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原先的倒装语序变成陈述语序；let us know whether / if you can finish the work before friday. i don t care whether you

3、like the story or not.留意：以下情形一般只用whether 不用 if ； 接带 to 的动词不定式；she doesnt know whether to go to the zoo.她不知道是不是去动物园； 与 or not 连用时；i m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来，我说不准；（ 3）疑问词引导的宾语从句：此类宾语从句原先是特别疑问句， 变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序， 由 wh- 开头的疑问词引导； wh- 词包括 who, whom, whose, what, which 等连接代词和 wh

4、ere, when, how, why 等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略；例如：could you tell me which gate we have to go to.he didn t tell me how long he would stay here.2、宾语从句的三个留意事项1）语序：宾语从句要用陈述语序，原先的倒装语序改成陈述语序时留意相应的助动词和动词的变化等；把这两个简洁句合成一个复合句：孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺where does your father work. can you tell us.did you get home

5、very late. he asked me. 2）时态：假如主句是一般现在时，宾语从句依据实际情形用各种时态；my teacher says he will be back in a week.my teacher says he has seen the movie.假如主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态；my father said he was watching tv at that time. my father said the he had already seen the movie.假如宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时；our teacher tol

6、d us the sun is much bigger than the earth.我们的老师告知我们太阳比地球大多了；3 否定转移：主句的主语假如是第一人称，从句的否定要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一样；例如：i don t think they ll wait to the last minute. i don t believe he did this, did he.二、定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句；定语从句一般放在它所修饰名词或代词的后面，这个名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词称为关系代词或者关系副词；关系代词在从句中代表先行词可以作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词代表先

7、行词在从句中可以作状语；关系词词形所修饰的先行词在从句中所作的成分关系代词who whomwhich人人物主语、宾语、表语宾语主语、宾语、表语thatwhose人、物人、物主语、宾语、表语定语关系副词whenwhere时间名词地点名词时间状语地点状语why缘由名词缘由状语孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺1. 选出正确的关系代词或关系副词的关键：看所修饰的是人仍是物；看它所代表的先行词在定语从句中做什么成分；例如：do you know the man who/that sells eggs to me.（先行词是 “the man，”在从句中作主语，用who/ that ） your father

8、 was not on the train that/ which arrived just now.先行词是物，用which/that ，在从句中作主语this is the book which / that you wanted.先行词是物，用which/that ，在从句中作宾语，可省 do you know the boy whose father is a doctor.先行词是人，whose 代表 “男孩的 ”，在从句中作定语you can go home where you can have a rest.先行词是地点，where 相当于 at home，在从句中作地点状语do

9、 you remember the year when we were hungry every day ？先行词是时间，when 相当于 in the year，在从句中作时间状语） do you know the reason why she didn t come to our p？arty先行词是缘由，why 相当于 for the reason，在从句中作缘由状语）2. 引导词作宾语时可以省略；例如：have you seen the book that i gave you yesterday ？3. 引导词在定语从句中作主语，不能省略；例如：do you know the man

10、 who is speaking to your father？三、状语从句用作状语的句子叫状语从句；引导状语从句的连接词是从属连词；状语从句可以在句首，也可以在句尾，依据其用途可分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、缘由状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句，比较状语从句等；1. 时间状语从句： 时间状语从句表示时间，常用连接词有： when（当时），while（当时）， as（当时）， before（在之前）， after （在之后）， since（自从）， until（直到），as soon as（一就）， once（一旦就）等；例如：i didn t go to bed lui

11、nftiinished my homework. i can listen to the radio while i work.留意： 时间状语从句中，要用一般现在时代替一般将来时；i will telephone you when he comes. i ll stay here until you come back. when 引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的谓语可孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺以是连续性动词，也可以是瞬时动词；例如：he was working when i went in.when she heard the news, she beg

12、an to cry.while 引导的状语从句中常用连续性动词或表示状态的动词，意思是“在期间 ”；they rushed in while we were singing.我们唱歌时，他们冲进来；as 引导状语从句，强调同时发生，不分先后；可以译成“随着 ”或“一边一边 ”；john sings as he walks home. while 仍可以表示两者之间的对比关系；i like playing football, while tom likes listening to music. since 引导状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时；we have been frie

13、nds since we met in beijing. it has been six years since she left school.2. 地点状语从句：地点状语从句表示地点；其连接词有where（哪里）， wherever（无论哪里）等；put it where you find it.you can sit wherever you like.3. 缘由状语从句： 缘由状语从句表示缘由或者理由；其连接词有： because（由于） ，as （由于）， since（既然）等；i often eat carrots because they are good for my heal

14、th. as i don t know the way, i had to ask the policeman.留意： because表示因果关系语气最强，常用来回答why 提出的问题；i didn t tell them because they were too young. because和 so 不能同在一个句子里；because the book was expensive, i didn前t不bu用y its. oi4. 结果状语从句：表示结果；其连接词有：sothat（如此以致）， so that（结果）， suchthat（如此以致）等；it s such a good cha

15、nce that you canit. t miss留意：sothat 和 suchthat 都可以引导结果状语从句，留意so 和 such 后面所接的词不同； such. thatsuch aan形容词单数可数名词that 从句such形容词复数名词/不行数名词that 从句孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺he was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher. they are such interesting novels that i want to read them once again. 但是假如名词前由many、mu

16、ch、few 、little （少）等词修饰，就用so；例如：he had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. so . thatso形容词副词. that 从句so形容词 aan单数可数名词that 从句he runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.dr. wang is so good that everybody loves and respects him.=he is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respect

17、s him.=he is such a good doctor that everybody loves and respects him.5. 目的状语从句：表示目的；其连接词有：so（以便）， so that（为了）， in order that （为了）等，从句中多用情态动词can, will, may, should等；he got up very early so that he could catch the first train.6. 条件状语从句：条件状语从句表示条件；其连接词有：if （假如）， unless （假如不，除非）， as long as（只要）等；if it

18、is fine tomorrow, we will go swimming.假如明每天气好的话我们去游泳；留意： 条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时代替一般将来时；unless it rains, the game will be played.假如不下雨，竞赛就将进行； unless 意思相当于ifnot；7. 让步状语从句：常由though/although 虽然 ， even if/ though 即使 等引导； though it s hard work, i enjoy it.突飞猛进 过手训练1. i don t know if you come to my party tomorro

19、w.解析此题是考查宾语从句的时态用法，从句子的意思懂得是if 引导的宾语从句，要用一般将来时，此题误用作状语从句了；所以应把come 改为 will/ can come ；2. can you tell me where does he study english.解析此题是考查宾语从句的语序的用法，特别疑问词引导的宾语从句用陈述语序，所以把助动词does 去掉，而且由于从句主语是he，仍要把study 变成 studies；孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺3. my teacher told me that light traveled faster than the sound.解析 此题是考

20、查宾语从句的时态用法；宾语从句是表示客观真理（即光速比声速快），所以宾语从句用一般现在时，而不受主句时态的影响；所以要把traveled 改为 travels；4. they are the people and books who you want to learn.解析此题是考查定语从句的引导词用法，定语从句的先行词既有人和也有物，所以引导词要用人和物共用的that，不能用who 或者 which ；所以要把who 改为 that；5. he got to school early if he could clean the classroom.解析此题是考查表示目的的状语从句的连接词的用

21、法；if 引导条件状语从句，而此句应当用连接词so that 引导目的状语从句；所以把if 改为 so that；突飞猛进 过手训练1. your t- shirt is so cool. could you tell me？a. where you buy itb. where do you buy itc. where you bought itd. where did you buy it2. i can't forget the time the earthquake happened in yushu.a. whenb. whichc. thatd. where3. if t

22、he child , please telephone the police.a. foundb. is foundc. was foundd. has found4. i hurried i wouldn't be late for class.a. sob. so thatc. ifd. un less5. this is my beautiful school is near the famous library.a. whereb. whichc. whod. when6. friends are those make you smile ，always open their

23、hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.a. whichb. whatc. whomd. who7. does anyone know ？i hear that he was born in sweden.a. what he isb. when he was bornc. where he comes fromd. which country is he from8. i don't know if jack . if he , call me, please.a. will come; will comesb. comes; comec

24、. comes; will comed. will come; comes9. the tv play is about a true story happened in mianyang in 1998.a. itb. whatc. thatd. when 10.catherine said that she to guangzhou.孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺a. has never goneb. had never gonec. has never beend. had never been11. we tv when the telephone .a. watched, was ri

25、ngingb. were watching, rangc. were watching, ringsd. are watching, rang12. do you like music makes you relaxed.a. itb. whatc. whod. that13. do you know the mp4 yesterday.sorry. i've no idea about it.a. how much did he pay forb. how much he paid forc. he paid for how muchd. he paid how much for14

26、. is that the man helped us a lot after the earthquake.a. whereb. whichc. whend. who15. he met many problems he was going over his lessons.a. beforeb. as soon asc. sinced .while16. i don't know the day after tomorrow.a. when does he comeb. how will he comec. if he comesd. whether he'll come1

27、7. well you drive, you must drive carefully.a. no matter whereb. in order thatc. no matter howd. as soon as18. we have to get up at 7： 15 tomorrow morning, we will be late for the 7： 40 train.a. beforeb. orc. ifd. so19. do you know what time .a. the train leaveb. does the train leavec. will the trai

28、n leaved. the train leaves20. i don't know . can you tell me, please.a. how the two players are oldb. how old are the two playersc. the two players are how oldd. how old the two players are 21 sorry, we don't have the coat you need.a. whatb. whoc. whomd. which22. it's a serious problem.

29、we can't decide mr.harris comes back.a. whileb. sincec .untild. so23. it's snowing outside. put on more clothes, you may catch a cold.a. andb. butc. ord. though24. the policeman asked me at this time yesterday.a. what was i doingb. what did i doc. what i was doingd. what i do25. china is gro

30、wing stronger and stronger, chinese is taught in more and more countries.a. ifb. unlessc. asd. although26. tommy, do you know if frank to the theatre with us this sunday if it ？sorry, i have no idea.孝感戴氏训练高考中考名校冲刺a. will go; is fineb. goes; is finec. will go; is going to be fined. goes; will be fine27. could you ring me up as soon as he .a. arrivedb. would arrivec. arrivesd. will arrive28. she asked linda if go and get some.a. could sheb. she couldc. she cand. she may29. linda said the moon round