MUGrammarandusage牛津高中英语模块七语法学习课程

1、Grammar and usage第1页/共55页第一页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。To learn the differences between transitive verbs and intransitive verbsTo learn the usages of transitive verbs and intransitive verbs in different situationsObjectives第2页/共55页第二页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。Look at the following sentences.1. When Polly left home at mo

2、rning, the city was already covered in a grey mist. (Unit 1, Book 3)2. Then she heard the sound again soft footsteps behind her. (Unit 1, Book 3)3. Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? (Unit 2, Book 4)第3页/共55页第三页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。4. This encouraged him to become more confident around othe

3、rs. (Unit 3, Book 4)5. Im sitting on an invisible bench, of course. (Unit 1, Book 6)6. People light large fires outside, and everyone gathers around and has a party. (Unit 3, Book 6)第4页/共55页第四页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。Observe the sentences from P2-3:1. An American, Philo Farnsworth, made important breakthrou

4、ghs in the development of TV in the late 1920s and early 1930s.2. It was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders began using plastic tape as they do today.3. Who can foresee what the future will bring?第5页/共55页第五页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。4. This will soon make records, cassette recorders, CDs, DVDs

5、 and even TVs things of the past.5. They also make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities.6. The first public TV broadcasts were made in the USA in 1925.7. Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.8. Many different people contributed to the development of TV.第6页/共55页第六页

6、，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。to test your sense of observationto test your ability of short-term memory to test your ability to highlight the language pointsGuess第7页/共55页第七页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。Point out the words in red are transitive or intransitive.1. When Polly left home at morning, the city was already covered i

7、n a grey mist.2. Then she heard the sound again soft footsteps behind her. 3. Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? transitivetransitivetransitivetransitiveintransitiveReady? Go!第8页/共55页第八页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。4. This encouraged him to become more confident around others. 5. Im sitting on an

8、invisible bench, of course. 6. People light large fires outside, and everyone gathers around and has a party. transitiveintransitiveintransitivetransitive第9页/共55页第九页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。1. An American, Philo Farnsworth, made important breakthroughs in the development of TV in the late 1920s and early 193

9、0s.2. It was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders began using plastic tape as they do today.3. Who can foresee what the future will bring?transitivetransitivetransitiveThe sentences from P2-3:第10页/共55页第十页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。4. This will soon make records, cassette recorders, CDs, DVDs and

10、even TVs things of the past.5. They also make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities.6. The first public TV broadcasts were made in the USA in 1925.7. Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.8. Many different people contributed to the development of TV.transitivetransi

11、tivetransitiveintransitiveintransitive第11页/共55页第十一页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。判断下列标红的动词是否及物。判断下列标红的动词是否及物。1. Bob shut the door behind himself on his way out.2. My brother sent me a letter last Tuesday.3. The noise outside in the street made it difficult for me to fall to sleep.4. My family went on a trip to Lo

12、ndon during the holiday.5. You talked too much at the dinner party.6. A white-haired man sat on a low bench, making shoes.transitivetransitivetransitiveintransitiveintransitiveintransitive第12页/共55页第十二页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。Do you know what vt. and vi. refer to?vt refers to a transitive verb, and vi refers

13、 to an intransitive verb.英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词与不及物动词。及物动词(vt.)后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。不及物动词(vi.)后面不可直接接宾语，一般要加介词后再接宾语。第13页/共55页第十三页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。及物动词可以带直接宾语、间接宾语或宾及物动词可以带直接宾语、间接宾语或宾语补足语。可以用于：语补足语。可以用于：“主语主语+谓语谓语+宾宾语语”、“主语主语+谓语谓语+双宾语双宾语”和和“主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构中。结构中。例如：例如：He reached Par

14、is the day before yesterday.Please hand me the book over there.Conclusion about transitive verbs:第14页/共55页第十四页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。He likes to go fishing with the whole family at weekends.It was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders began using plastic tape as they do today.It is difficult f

15、or me to believe that he can achieve such great success in such a short time.(1)(1)及物动词的宾语可以是名词、代词、及物动词的宾语可以是名词、代词、不定式、动名词或者宾语从句。不定式、动名词或者宾语从句。第15页/共55页第十五页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, agree, learn, mean, teach, refuse, help, arrange, dare, decide, determine, fail, manage, o

16、ffer, prepare, pretend, continue, ask, promise, expect, choose, preferThe following words are usually followed by to do sth. as the object:第16页/共55页第十六页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。admit, dislike, imagine, delay, consider, mind, suggest, avoid, enjoy, practise, finish, miss, keep, understandWe use a verb-ing for

17、m after these verbs:第17页/共55页第十七页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 Some verbs can be followed by a verb-ing form or to do sth., but with some differences in meanings or usage.第18页/共55页第十八页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 regret to do: 抱歉要做某事 regret doing: 后悔做了某事 eg. I regret to tell you that you are fired. 我抱歉地告诉你你被解雇了。 I regret te

18、lling him the truth. 我后悔告诉他真相。第19页/共55页第十九页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 forget to do: 忘记去做某事 forget doing: 忘记做了某事 eg. He forgot to close the door when he left. 他离开时忘了关门了。 I will never forget winning my first gold medal. 我永远忘不了我第一次获得金牌 的情况。第20页/共55页第二十页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 remember to do: 记得要做某事 remember doing: 记得曾经

19、做过的事eg. Remember to post the letter for me on your way to work, OK? 在你上班的路上记得帮我把信寄了， 好吗？ I remember seeing this man somewhere. 我记得在哪儿见过这个人。第21页/共55页第二十一页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 mean to do: 打算做某事 mean doing: 意味着做某事eg. I mean to come earlier today. 我今天打算早点来。 Missing this train means waiting for another hour.

20、 错过这列火车意味着又要等一个 小时。第22页/共55页第二十二页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 try to do: 努力做某事 try doing: 尝试做某事eg. She tried to finish the work as quickly as she could. 她努力地要尽快完成这项工作。 I tried doing the exercise in a different way. 我尝试用另一种方法解题。第23页/共55页第二十三页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 stop to do: 停下来做某事 stop doing: 停止做某事eg. The workers st

21、opped to have a rest. 工人们停下来休息。 The workers stopped working and took a rest. 工人们停止了手中的活，休息一 下。第24页/共55页第二十四页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。(2)双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。一般情况下，直接宾语_，间接宾语_。直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向（对谁做）或动作的目标（为谁做）。Please show me the letter.(me = indirect object; the letter = direct object)Can you buy me a me

22、al?IODO指物指人第25页/共55页第二十五页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。(3) 动词的宾语补足语也可以是一个名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或是非谓语动词构成，用来对宾语进行补充说明。She wanted me to give her some money.(O是代词；C是不定式)I found the old man lying dead on the road.(O是名词；C是现在分词)We saw the road covered with snow.(O是名词；C是过去分词)第26页/共55页第二十六页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。宾语与宾语补足语的逻辑关系：从这几个句子中的动

23、词不定式和分词作宾语补足语来看，在逻辑上它们与其前的宾语具有主谓关系，其中现在分词表示动作的进行状态；过去分词表示动作的被动或完成状态；不定式则含有将来的行为。第27页/共55页第二十七页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。They found the little boy interesting.(O是名词；C是形容词)They named the baby Jack.(O是名词；C是名词)She always keeps everything in good order.(O是代词；C是介词短语)He found his teacher out when he called on him.(O

24、是名词；C是副词)第28页/共55页第二十八页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。宾语与宾语补足语的逻辑关系：从以上几个句子中的名词、形容词、副词和介词短语作宾语补足语来看，在逻辑上它们与其前面的宾语形成了主表关系，用来表示宾语的身份、特征、状态等。第29页/共55页第二十九页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。(4)大多数的及物动词都可以用于_语态。在一个句子中，如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用该语态。例如：孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The for

25、eign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 被动第30页/共55页第三十页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。主动：They have warned us to be careful of rats. 被动：We have been warned to be careful of rats by them. 他们已提醒我们要注意老鼠。 主动：People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets. 被动: Plastic bags full of rubbish have

26、been piled in streets. 人们把装满垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。 第31页/共55页第三十一页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。Conclusion about intransitive verbs:不及物动词没有宾语，也不能用于被动语态。但是不及物动词后面通常可接_词或者_。Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.Technology is now changing faster than most people can keep pace with.MD stands for MiniDisc.The

27、ship set sail and headed for Shanghai.副介词短语第32页/共55页第三十二页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。英语中很多动词既可以做英语中很多动词既可以做及物动词及物动词，又可，又可以做以做不及物动词不及物动词。我们需要视具体情况来。我们需要视具体情况来判断。例如：判断。例如：1. He is drawing in the garden. He is drawing a picture in the garden.2. Helen ran every weekend when she was at college. Toms father runs a bi

28、g company in his hometown.第33页/共55页第三十三页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。 Choose the correct words or phrases to complete the sentences. (P9 B)1. answer/answer fora. Hearing the bell, Jane got up from her chair and went to _ the door.b. If you continue to behave like this, youll have to _ your behavior.2. benefit/be

29、nefit froma. The project has _ the country in many aspects.b. It is expected that both countries will _ this agreement.answeranswer forbenefitedbenefit from第34页/共55页第三十四页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。3. decide/decide againsta. Have you _ what to do after graduation?b. To our surprise, they _ the plan yesterday wi

30、thout any explanation.4. pay/pay fora. He thanked the repairman and _ him twenty dollars.b. To _ the ticket for the concert, my sister decided to take a part-time job.decideddecided againstpaidpay for第35页/共55页第三十五页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。5. adjust/adjust toa. Im afraid we have to _ the development of comput

31、er technology.b. The monitor needs to be _ so that everyone can read what is on the screen.adjust toadjusted第36页/共55页第三十六页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。answer forThe teachers must answer for their students disgusting behaviour on the school trip.That young man has a lot to answer for.Im sure John will help us I c

32、ant answer for the others.This box can answer for a chair.对 负责; (为)担保;充当, 起作用第37页/共55页第三十七页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。decide in favour of / against1) 选择/不选择（某人或某物）After long discussion they decided in favour of the younger candidate.At the meeting we decided against carrying out the plan.2) 作出有利于/不利于（某人的）裁决The

33、 jury decided against the plaintiff (原告).第38页/共55页第三十八页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。1. vt. = _; vi. = _.2. Can you tell the differences between transitive verbs and intransitive verbs?transitive verbintransitive verb第39页/共55页第三十九页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。请点击请点击wordword图标图标第40页/共55页第四十页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。Quiz I: Choose vt. o

34、r vi.1. Peters situation has improved with the help of his teachers and friends. Peter has improved his English with the help of his foreign friends.2. She delayed for months before deciding to go there. She decided to delay her trip until April or May.vt.vi.vi.vt.第41页/共55页第四十一页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。3. Wh

35、at time is it? I forgot to wind my watch. Make sure the thread winds evenly around the bobbin(线轴).4. The volunteers contribute huge amount of their own time to the project. Various factors contributed to his downfall.vt.vi.vt.vi.第42页/共55页第四十二页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。Quiz II: Choose the best answer.1. Parent

36、s _ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.A. attach B. pay C. link D. apply2. How did you like Nicks performance last night? To be honest, his singing didnt _ to me much. A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur第43页/共55页第四十三页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。3.

37、The new movie _ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. opposes4. Shall I pick you up tonight? No, thanks. Dont _ to come. I can take a taxi. A. have B. bother C. worry D. annoy第44页/共55页第四十四页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。5. The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the

38、 sea urged the United Nations to _ all nations to take immediate action. A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on6. The good thing about children is that they _ very easily to new environments. A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply第45页/共55页第四十五页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。7. Someone who lacks staying pow

39、er and perseverance is unlikely to_ a good teacher. A. make B. turn C. get D. grow8. The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus _ the discovery of a vaccine（疫苗）（疫苗）of the disease. A. stood for B. called for C. paid for D. contributed to第46页/共55页第四十六页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。1. Volunteering

40、gives you a chance _ lives, including your own. (2013安徽安徽) A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change2. According to the law, all foreigners have to _ with the local police within two weeks of arrival. (2013湖北湖北) A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register 第47页/共55页第四十七页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。3. Sh

41、akespeares writing is still popular today. It has really _ the test of time. (2014安徽安徽) A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted4. It is widely acknowledged that students should be _ in terms of overall quality. (2014福建福建) A. supported B. matched C. evaluated D. controlled第48页/共55页第四十八页，编辑于星期六：九点 二十六分。5. Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but _ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow. (2014湖北湖北) A. slipped B. skied C. signalled D. sank6. The two countries are going to meet to _ some barriers to trade b