DesignHistoryall学习课程

1、1750-1800The Industrial RevolutionStart in England with the invention of the steam engine.Incipient mass-production.第1页/共70页第一页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1750-1800The Industrial RevolutionMass-production for the middle-class.第2页/共70页第二页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1851Crystal Palace The Great ExhibitionExhibition in Lond

2、on. Building made of pre-fabricated modules.All the new products and furniture were exhibited.第3页/共70页第三页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1851Crystal Palace The Great ExhibitionThe European products were very traditional.The American products were made with mass-production in mind: less parts, less decoration and e

3、asier assembly. Called The American System.第4页/共70页第四页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1851-1900Mass-productionBicycle made from mass-produced steel tubes, 1888.The Ford car. Ford invented the assembly line in the 1890s.The Eiffeltower for Great Exhibition in Paris 1889. Mass-produced modules of iron.第5页/共70页第五页，编辑

4、于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Jugend / Art NoveauResponse to mass-productionAn attempt to combine arts and craft with the potentials of the industry: mass-production and standardization.Back to well-done crafts.Inspiration: the organic shapes of nature.第6页/共70页第六页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。FunctionalismResponse to mass-produ

5、ctionSimple forms suitable for mass-production.The objective was to watch over the quality of the industrial products.Inspiration: the organic shapes of nature.第7页/共70页第七页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Denmark late 1800sThe “Klunkehjem”The middle class used Victorian interiors.第8页/共70页第八页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Carl Lar

6、ssons homeSweden, 1899第9页/共70页第九页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in DenmarkAfter 1. World warThe Danish architects interested in rationalization and standardization.第10页/共70页第十页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in DenmarkGraphics Engelhardts font and street signs.第11页/共70页第十一页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Bauhaus 19

7、19-1933German movement第12页/共70页第十二页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in ScandinaviaBended woodAlvar Altos chair第13页/共70页第十三页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in ScandinaviaTable wareAino Alto第14页/共70页第十四页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in DenmarkPH Poul HenningsenThe Danish architects interested in rationa

8、lization and standardization.第15页/共70页第十五页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in DenmarkBended woodChairs by Wegner第16页/共70页第十六页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in DenmarkBended woodThe Ant by Arne Jacobsen,1951第17页/共70页第十七页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in ScandinaviaTelephoneEricsson, 1956第18页/共70页第十八页，编

9、辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Functionalism in DenmarkB&OMusic Systems第19页/共70页第十九页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1930s: Lego1932Ole Kirk Christiansen, master carpenter and joiner starts making wooden toys.1934The name LEGO is adopted. Short for Leg Godt (Play Well)第20页/共70页第二十页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1940sFacts2. World War from 1

10、940-45 means a lack of materials and products.Post-war optimism, man looks forward.In 1947 the Transistor was invented.第21页/共70页第二十一页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1940s: Lego1947Ole Kirk Christiansen buys a plastic injection-moulding machine. The first in Denmark.1949Automatic Binding Brick, a forerunner of the

11、LEGO Brick.第22页/共70页第二十二页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1940s: Grundfos1945Poul Due Jensen receives an order of a pump.The first pump Foss (which symbolizes running water) is produced in a number of 26.1945Dybfoss (Dyb means deep) pumps water from more than 7 meters deep. Self lubricating motor.第23页/共70页第二十三页，编辑于

12、星期五：十六点 三十七分。1940s: DronningborgThe company was founded in 1892, producing agricultural machinery.From 1910-1950: Self-cleaning threshing machines.第24页/共70页第二十四页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1950sFactsPost-war optimism, man looks forward.Economical upturn.The Solar Cell is invented in 1954.第25页/共70页第二十五页，编辑于星期五：

13、十六点 三十七分。1950s: Lego1951The plastic toy makes half the companys output1955The revolutionary “Lego System of play” is introduced.1958Sloping bricks (roof tiles) and Stud-and-Tube gets on the market.第26页/共70页第二十六页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1950s: Grundfos1952The centrifugal pump. Less material, less heavy.1953I

14、ncreasing need for research and development. The first engineer is hired.第27页/共70页第二十七页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1950s: DronningborgProduction of harvesters to pull with a tractor. Second generation of harvesters sorted out the corn into straw and grain.第28页/共70页第二十八页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1960sFactsThe Americans

15、land on the Moon.The Young people rebels against the traditions.第29页/共70页第二十九页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1960s: Lego1963ABS-plastic replaces cellulose-acetate. ABS makes the bricks more stable and gives better colour quality.1966The first LEGO train.1967Duplo is introduced.1968Legoland opens.第30页/共70页第三十页，编辑于

16、星期五：十六点 三十七分。1960s: Grundfos1967First submersible pump made entirely of stainless steel.Designers are used for the first time.Wins Design Prize.第31页/共70页第三十一页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1960s: DronningborgSelf-motored harvesters. More shields and integrations.Improved condition for the driver.第32页/共70页第三十二页，编辑

17、于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1970sFactsOil crisis in 1973. On Sundays riding the car was banned.In 1971 the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) was invented.第33页/共70页第三十三页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1970s: Lego1974The LEGO family is introduced and becomes the biggest selling product to date.1977Lego Technic for older children. 第34页

18、/共70页第三十四页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1970s: Grundfos1970s25th anniversary. Opens companies around the world.1974Starts producing own motors instead of purchasing.1976Portable pumps for small-scale water supply I.e. car wash and swimming pools.第35页/共70页第三十五页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1970s: DronningborgPilot house to pr

19、otect the driver.The driver is placed in the middle to give better view on both sides.第36页/共70页第三十六页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1980sFactsThe Cold war is over.The “Information society” begins.All kinds of technological equipment becomes more and more important in everyday life.The computer finds its right size

20、 and shape.第37页/共70页第三十七页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1980s: Lego1983Duplo Baby1987Duplo and Lego on the American market.第38页/共70页第三十八页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1980s: Grundfos1980sThe pumps becomes electronically controlled.1983Solar pumps1985Starts own production of electronics.第39页/共70页第三十九页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1980s: Dr

21、onningborgElectronic surveillance to give the driver full control.Computer-regulated adjustments.第40页/共70页第四十页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1990sFactsThe world Wide Web starts as a military project. Gets gigantic influence on the daily lives of millions.第41页/共70页第四十一页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1990s: Lego1990Lego is one o

22、f the 10 largest toy manufacturers in the world.1994Belville in pastel colours. For girls over 5 years.1998Lego Mindstorms.第42页/共70页第四十二页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1990s: Grundfos1990s400 employed in the Research and Development Department.1991Pump capable of providing efficient water samples.1997Remote contr

23、olled pumps.第43页/共70页第四十三页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1990s: DronningborgMonitor for controlling the machine. Designed by Christian Bjrn Design第44页/共70页第四十四页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。1990s: DronningborgHarvester designed by Christian Bjrn Design.Optimised pilot house.第45页/共70页第四十五页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。2000s: Lego2000Lego B

24、rick announced “Toy of the century” by the association of British retailers.2001Bionicle第46页/共70页第四十六页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。2000s: Grundfos2000Plug and pump.第47页/共70页第四十七页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Scandinavian DesignCharacteristicsThoroughness and well-considered solutions.Honesty shown through clean lines nothin

25、g to hide.Well-considered use of material.第48页/共70页第四十八页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Chairs by Arne Jacobsen, DenmarkThe SwanThe SwanThe Ant第49页/共70页第四十九页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。B&O, DenmarkMusic systemsLoad speakers第50页/共70页第五十页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Bowls from DenmarkThe Margrethe-bowl made of melamineThe Krenit bowl

26、made of enamel第51页/共70页第五十一页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Cars, SwedenVolvoSaab第52页/共70页第五十二页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。ChairsTrinidad, DenmarkCampus, SwedenRunner, Denmark第53页/共70页第五十三页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Cutlery, DenmarkNew YorkArne JacobsenCopenhagen第54页/共70页第五十四页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。D-line, DenmarkDoor HandlesSoap dispenserHooks第55页/共70页第五十五页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Ericsson, SwedenMobile phones第56页/共70页第五十六页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。Bahco, SwedenAdjustable wrenchScrew drivers第57页/共70页第五十七页，编辑于星期五：十六点 三十七分。IC3 train, DenmarkInterior, 2. classScrew driversInterior, Business class