英文写作---比较型说明文的模式

1、比较型说明文的模式 第一步：审题1. A Major Advantage or Disadvantage of Playing Computer Games2. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Air Travel3.Some people believe that a college or university education should be available to all students; others believe that higher education should be available only to good stude

2、nts. What ' s your op？inion第二步：构思模式I （该模式用于比较两个事物，作者的倾向比较明显时）第一段 , 引言句 （现象或事实陈述法 ）引出要比较的两个事物（A或B）用一句话表明自己的观点（如：倾向 A ）第二段 , 段落主题句承接首段中的观点，并对本段内容加以限定 比较之一 :指出 A 事物的优点之一 , 用拓展句加以说明 .通过转折指出 B 事物的缺点 , 用拓展句加以说明 .比较之二 :指出 A 事物的优点之二 , 用拓展句加以说明 .通过转折指出 B 事物的缺点 ,用拓展 句加以说明 .（ A1B1A2B2A3B3 point-by-point pa

3、ttern ） 第三段, 得出结论 ,注意首尾观点一致 .Television As a Better Source of News Among the three mass mediatelevision, newspaper and radio, I regard television as a better source.My statement that television is a better source of news is based on the following two reasons. The first reason is that television can

4、report news more quickly. We can get the news at the same time when something is happening or immediately after something happened. While newspapers can only offer the news that happened a day or two days ago. The second reason is that television can report news more vividly and impressively. With s

5、ounds and pictures on TV,we can be deeply impressed by the news as if we were personally on the spot. But when we try to get news from the newspaper, we have to concentrate our mind on the lines and use our imaginations to for a concrete image, which is always tiresome and time-consuming. According

6、to the above mentioned reasons; we can easily draw a conclusion that television is really a better source of news.模式 II如果作文要求比较两个事物的不同之处 ,宜用下列结构 : 第一段, 引言句（一般用现象陈述法 ,提问）引出要比较的两个 ;主题句指出的两个 事物存在着明显的差异或两个事物的不同特点 .第二段, 直接评述 A 事物的主要特点 ,用拓展句加以说明 （举例,一般阐述 ）;指出 B 事物的主要特点 ,用拓展句加以具体明 .（A1A2A3B1B2B3subject-by-

7、subject pattern) 第三段, 通过比较得出倾向性的结论 , 表明作者的态度 .Where to Live in the City or the CountryMany people appreciate the conveniences of the city. The city has better transportation service and health care. City dwellers can easily enjoy themselves in restaurants, department stores and concert halls. They a

8、re well-informed about what is going on at home and abroad, and have the access to better education, better jobs and more opportunities for business. But country life is also attractive. With the fresh air, the green trees and the singing birds, country people are close to nature and live a quiet li

9、fe. They can make friends with simple and honest men or wander about leisurely without any pressure upon their mind.Both the country and the city, however, have their own disadvantages. In the country, educational facilities, medical services and transportation systems are still not fully developed.

10、 And the city also has many problems, such as heavy traffic, air pollution, great noise and poor housing conditions. As far as I 'mconcerned, I hated the terrible dirt and noise in the city. So, given the chance, I would prefer to live peacefully in the country.The Main Difference Between Exam-o

11、riented Education and Quality-oriented EducationEducation in China used to be exam-oriented one. But with the development of education reform, quality-oriented education is stressedagain and again. So there rises a question: what is the main difference between these two?According to my understanding

12、, exam-oriented education focuses on students ' ability of passing examination of different levels. This education is to test the students command of knowledge they have obtained from the textbooks. So examination results are the only criterion which is used to evaluate the students whether they

13、 are “excellent ” ones“orbad” ones. However, quality-oriented education focuses on students v'arious qualities, including academic moral quality, cultural quality, most important, their individual personality and potentialities. The main purpose of this education is to bring students p'racti

14、cal potentialities into full play. Quality-oriented education can teach students how to face difficulties and solve problems independently.From the above comparison between exam-oriented education and quality-oriented education, we find that the latter one is superior. So it is time for our universi

15、ties and colleges to bring quality-oriented education into students' daily life.比较一个事物的两个方面的时候也可以用这种模式：第一段, 引言句引出要比较的两个方面( advantage & disadvantage) 第二段,直接评述advantage用拓展句加以说明(举例，一般阐述);然后再指出 disadvantage, 用拓展句加以具体明 . (A1A2A3B1B2B3 subject-by-subject pattern) 第三段, 通过比较得出倾向性的结论 , 表明优劣或作者态度 .The

16、 Advantages and Disadvantages of Air TravelIn the last fifty years, traveling by air has become the most popular form of long-distance journeys. However, there are both positive and negative associated with it.The first advantageof air travel is that it is quick. For instance, we can fly from Beijin

17、g to Guangzhou in less than three hours. The second advantage of traveling by air is that it is convenient. After we have checked in, all we have to do is to get on and sit down. The friendly air stewardess will look after our every need. The third advantage of traveling by air is that it is now rel

18、atively cheep, especially for long distance travel. We can fly from Beijing to Guangzhou for only 1200 Yuan.But on the other hand, traveling by air has its disadvantages. Perhaps the most obvious is the element of danger involved, such as hijackings and crashes. Traveling by air also makes it imposs

19、ible for us to see many scenic spot on the way to our destination. In addition to the above mentioned, a long distance air travel may make us very tired, both mentally and physically. Many precious days of holiday may be wasted recovering from airsickness.To conclude, although air travel involves in

20、convenience and slight risk, I would say that the advantages mentioned above weigh much more than the disadvantages.Exercise:With the development of computer, the Internet has become widely used. It is just like information net that has covered the world. Some people worry that it provides too much

21、for people. Write a composition of about 200 words to state your view on this issue.Does the Internet Provide Too Much for PeopleWhen a great deal of information is exchanged on the Internet almost every second, some people worry that it provides too much for people. To know it clearly, we should lo

22、ok at both sides of the Internet.On one hand, the Internet shows us a closer and wider world than ever before. Just staying at home, we can get all kinds of useful information in any scientific research field whenever we need. Through the Internet, more and more chances are provided to improve our w

23、ork, enrich our knowledge and help our country to keep up with the others. But on the other hand, the Internet also brings us many troubles. Useless information and games send to us unavoidably. From this angle, we have to say that those people ' s complaints are understandable.Generally speakin

24、g, the Internet has played an important role in modern life. It is like a double-edged sword. We should make the best use of one edge, and try not to be hurt by the other one.模式 III （该模式用于比较两个事物时作者的倾向比较明显） 第一段 , 引言句引出要比较的两个事物 ;主题句概括地指出其中一个事物的优点 和缺点。（倾向于 A ）第二段，只评述A事物的优点，用拓展句加以说明（举例，一般阐述）；指出A事物的 缺点 ,

25、 用拓展句加以具体明 .第三段, 通过比较得出倾向性的结论 , 表明作者的态度 . 这样类似于比较一个事物的两个方面。Sharing a Room with a Stranger or Living by YourselfNowadays, more and more college students like to live off campus. Some prefer to share a flat with somebody else to divide the rent between them and others prefer to have a flat to themselv

26、es. There are always two aspects to one situation. Sharing a flat with somebody else has its advantages and disadvantages.Study requires peace and quietness. A stranger who shares a room with you may disturb you. Your thoughts can be interrupted by his sudden return, or by asking for a light, or mer

27、ely by his cough or sneeze. At night, when you want to sleep, he may be tossing in bed, making enough noise to keep you awake. If the stranger is bad-tempered, he may quarrel with you, and yet, you must have patience.However, there are many positive aspects of sharing a room with a stranger. First,

28、with another person in the room, you will not feel lonely although far way from you home. Second, you can always help each other. Whatever difficulty you are in, you can get a helping hand. If the person you live with is a senior student, you can even get advice from him on your work and study. Thir

29、d, living with a stranger offers you a chance of learning to get along with people. Since you have to live with a stranger for quite a long period, you will do your best to make friends with him. If you are successful in gaining his trust, you may also be successful in the more complicated and compe

30、titive society.Therefore, I think, sharing a room with a stranger is a good arrangement of living for all the disadvantages. I prefer to share a flat with someone else rather than live alone.Where to Live in the City or in the CountryEach year thousands of people rush into big cities. Some come for

31、education, some for shopping and some on business. But most of them, attracted by the job opportunities and modern life, come to stay.People enjoy city life chiefly for its conveniences.To begin with, the city provides fast transport, with roads and buses leading to every corner. Then, there are dep

32、artment stores and shops all over the city, where you can buy all kinds of goods you want. Besides, hospitals and other services are all within easy reach. Indeed, whatever your need is, you can easily get what your want.However, ig cities are confronted with many problems. One is the housing proble

33、m. For examples, it is not uncommon for two or even three generations to share an apartment. Another problem is pollution. The air is not clean and the environment is noisy.In short, the city is only a place for business, to be visited occasionally. It is not anideal place for permanent living.模式 IV

34、 第一段 , 引言句引出要比较的两个事物 ;主题句鲜明地表明作者的态度倾向其 中一个（如：A）。第二段, 只评述 A 事物的优点 ,用拓展句加以说明 （举例,一般阐述 ） 第三段, 总结 A 的优点，再次表明态度，和第一段里态度一致。 这种方式就将比较型的说明文变成了阐述型的说明文。Where to Live in the City or in the CountryThere are undeniable advantages to both life in a big city and in a small town. However, despite the advantages of

35、small town life, I prefer to live in a big city for several reasons.First, life in the big city is more convenient. More goods are available and stores stay open later. Also, there is better public transportation, so it is easier to get around. I can find almost anything I want easily in the city. S

36、econd, there are more ways to spend leisure time in the city. There are many places I can go to meet friends and have fun. Finally, and most importantly, the city offers more educational and job opportunities. The city often attracts the best teachers and the best companies. There is also a wider ch

37、oice of jobs so it is easier to move up the career ladder.For all these reasons, I prefer to live in the city. Although I sometimes miss the fresh air and quiet life of a small town, nothing can make up for the opportunities that the city offers.Exercise:Some people believe that a college or university education should be available to all students; others believ