马克思主义基本原理概论》试卷5

1、relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review conte nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 determine sta ndar d vol ume units "

2、1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr oblem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a subje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a

3、nd units of measurement of com mon units of measureme nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, weight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of metho

4、d 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates 16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd

5、a ngle angl e of classification slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd e dges shape d, a nd round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of sol

6、i d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids a nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular cone is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和马克思主义基

7、本原理概论试卷5一、单项挑选题（共10分） 1既是马克思主义的基本观点，又是马克思主义的动身点和归宿的是（） a实践的观点b进展的观点c 冲突的观点d辩证的否定观点 2把世界本原归结为原初物质的是（）a古代朴实唯物主义b 客观唯心主义 c机械唯物主义d辩证唯物主义 3以下选项中，最基本的实践形式是（） a科学试验b 精神实践c生产实践d 革命实践 4“不以善小而不为，不以恶小而为之”说明白（） a质变和量变的关系b 必定和偶然的关系 c可能和现实的关系d 确定和否定的关系5坚持建设哟普中国特色的社会主义道路表达了（ ） a冲突的统一性和对立性的统一b 新事物必定战胜旧事物的原理 c冲突的普遍性

8、和特别性的统一d 事物进展的前进性和曲折性的统一 6熟悉的反复性是由于（）a事物进展的规律性b 人的熟悉才能的不行靠性 c事物存在的因果性d 人们的实践和熟悉受主体、客体条件的制约； 7阶级的实质是（）a一个集团对另一个集团的劳动b 一个集团占有另一个集团的劳动 c一个集团占有另一个集团的劳动力d 一个集团和另一个集团的斗争 8生产力系统中渗透性要素是（）a劳动者b 治理c 科学d 训练9价值是商品的（）a自然属性b 社会属性c交换属性d 自然属性和社会属性的统一体 10资本主义经济中的利润率同部门的资本有机构成（） a按正比例变化b按成反比例变化c按相反方向变化d按相同方向变化二、多项挑选题

9、（共20分） 1唯物辩证法的基本规律有（） a本质打算现象的规律 b质量互变规律c对立统一规律d否定之否定规律2以下选项中，表述量变是质变的基础的有（）a不积细流，无以成江海b不积跬步，无以至千里c不入虎穴，焉得虎子d千里之堤，溃于蚁穴3真理具有客观性；真理是客观性是指（）relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review conte nt overvie

10、w a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 deter mine sta ndar d vol ume units "1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr oblem score d

11、ivision applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a subje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a nd units of measurement of com mon units of measureme nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, weight a nd r

12、ate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates 16, and subj

13、ect: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classif ication slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd e dges shape d, a n

14、d round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of soli d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids a

15、nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular cone is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和a真理是不依靠于意识的客观实在 b真理是不以人的意志为转移的客观规律 c真理中包含着不依靠于人类的客观内容 d真理的检验标准是客观的社会实践 4关于社会历史进展的动力问题，以下说法正确的有（） a社会基本冲突是社会进展的基本动力 b阶级斗争是阶级社会进展的直接动力c革命是历史的火车头 d改革对社会进展起推动作用 5资本主义国家的议会

16、具有（） a立法权b财政权c监督权d审判权6资本主义垄断阶段的竞争与自由竞争阶段的竞争相比，不同点有（）a竞争的目的不同 b竞争的手段有了新变化 c竞争的猛烈程度和后果不同d竞争的范畴不同7产业资本在其循环过程中经受的阶段有（）a购买阶段b生产阶段c运输阶段d销售阶段8剩余价值生产的基本方法有（） a确定剩余价值的生产 b相对剩余价值的生产 c超额剩余价值的生产 d垄断剩余价值的生产9东欧剧变、苏联解体给我们供应的深刻教训有（）a必需坚持社会主义道路 b必需坚持共产党的领导 c必需坚持马克思主义的指导位置 d必需坚决抵制各种资本主义思想的侵袭10以下论断属于马克思主义关于共产主义社会展望的有（

17、） a社会生产力高度进展，物质财宝极大丰富 b阶级归于毁灭，国家自行消亡c实行社会公有制和按需安排d人们的精神境域极大提高三、判定分析题（共20分）1. “辩证法在对现存事物确定的懂得中同时包含对现存事物的否定的懂得，即对现存事物的必定灭亡的懂得；”2. 上层建筑反作用的性质取决于其自身的先进程度；relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review con

18、te nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 determine sta ndar d vol ume units "1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr o

19、blem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a s ubje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a nd units of measurement of com mon units of measurem nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, w

20、eight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates

21、16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classification slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd e dges s

22、hape d, a nd round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of soli d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the features of

23、 cuboids a nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular co ne is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和3. 相对剩余价值的实质是超额剩余价值；4. 共产主义社会不再需要劳动；四、简答题（共20分）1. 简述实践在熟悉中的作用；2. 简述无产阶级政党的群众观点和群众路线的内容；3. 简述不变资本和可变资本的划分及其意义；4. 简述当代资本主义的新变化及其实质；五、材料分析题（共10分）材料 1：“民为贵，社稷次

24、之，君为轻；”“君者，舟也；庶人者，水也；水就载舟，水就覆舟；”摘自孟子（尽心下）和荀子（王制）材料 2：“大人物心理之动进稍易其轨而全部历史可以改观”，“舍英雄几无历史”；英雄人物 “一言可以兴帮，一言可以丧帮”；摘自饮冰室合集十六册和胡适论学近著第一集材料 3：历史不是个人随便制造的，而是打算于某种“客观精神”；宏大人物是“世界精神的代理人”，拿破仑代表了“世界精神”，他“骑着马，驰骋全世界，主宰全世界”；世界历史是宏大人物和王朝的历史；摘自黑格尔历史哲学和精神现象学材料 4：“人民，只有人民才是制造世界历史的真正动力；” 摘自毛泽东选集 （ 1966年版）第 3卷请回答：（ 1）材料 1

25、的合理思想和局限性；（ 2）材料 2和材料 3各自的思想倾向；（ 3）材料 2和材料 3的共同性；（ 4）结合材料 4说明马克思主义关于人民群众历史作用的基本观点；四、论述题（共20分）1. 试述冲突的主要方面和次要方面关系的原理，并用这一原理说明怎样正确熟悉我国改革开放的形势；2. 试述平均利润的形成及本质；relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem revi

26、ew conte nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 deter mine sta ndar d vol ume units "1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w o

27、rd pr oblem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a subje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a nd units of measurement of com mon units of measureme nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol

28、 ume, weight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and est

29、imates 16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classif ication slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd

30、e dges shape d, a nd round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of soli d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the fea

31、tures of cuboids a nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular cone is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和答案：一单项挑选题 :aacac， dbcbb二、多项挑选题：bcd, abd,cd,abcd ,abc, abcd,abd ,ab ,abcd, abcd三、判定分析题：1、对，这句话是马克思对辩证法否定观的阐述，说明白否定和确定之间的辩证关系，指出事物进展的实质是新事物战胜旧事物，辩证法的本

32、质就是批判性和革命性；2、错，上层建筑反作用的性质取决于它所服务的经济基础的性质；3、错，相对剩余价值是通过降低劳动力价值，缩短必要劳动时间实现的，而劳动力价值的降低又是通过整个社会劳动生产力的提高实现的，整个社会劳动生产率的提高是通过每个资本家为追求超额剩余价值从而提高个别劳动生产率实现的，所以相对剩余价值生产是个别资本家追求超额剩余价值的最终客观结果；4、错，劳动表达了人的本质，共产主义社会必定需要劳动，但共产主义社会的劳动不再是生活所迫，而成为人进展的需要，劳动不再表达为压迫，而成为自觉自愿的行为；四、简答题1、实践是熟悉的基础，实践打算熟悉，详细表现为第一、实践是熟悉的来源其次、实践是

33、熟悉进展的动力第三、实践是检验熟悉真理性的唯独标准第三、实践是熟悉的目的2、群众观点无产阶级政党的根本观点，主要包括：人民群众自己解放自己的观点，全心全意为人民服务的观点，向人民群众负责的观点，向人民群众学习的观点；群众路线是无产阶级政党的根本路线，是群众观点在实际工作中的运用，内容是： “一切为了群众，一切依靠群众，从群众中来，到群众中去；”3、马克思主义政治经济学依据预付资本不同部分在剩余价值生产中的作用不同，把资本划分为不变资本和可变资本， 不变资本是用于购买生产资料的那部分资本， 在生产中原有价值转移到新的商品中去， 不会发生变化， 可变资本是用于购买劳动力的资本， 在生产中不仅能制造

34、出自身的价值，而且能制造出必自身价值更高的价值，这就是剩余价值；意义 : 揭示了剩余价值产生的来源，剩余价值不是全部预付资本的产物，而仅仅是可变资本带来的 ; 揭示了资本家剥削工人的程度，剩余价值率就是剩余价值和可变资本的比列；4、当代资本主义新变化主要变现在以下几个方面：（1）从生产力方面看；劳动生产率大幅 提高， 社会财宝迅猛增长，经济稳固进展；产业结构上第三产业快速崛起，从生产力要素变化上， 脑力劳动者比例攀升，劳动工具日趋智能化，劳动对象范畴不断扩大，生产治理获得新的进展；（ 2）从生产关系方面看；在全部制关系上，显现了资本社会化趋势，建立和进展国有经济，股权分散化，工人持股，劳资关系

35、共决制，工会作用肯定程度发挥，安排关系，很多发达国家安排政策作了某些调整，照实行社会福利政策；（ 3）从上层建筑看；民主形式进一步扩大，公民权益进一步拓展，多元化价值观更加鲜明等；这种新变化的实质是：是资本主义的自我进展和调整；资本主义的变化，在肯定程度克服了私人垄断资本狭隘界限、适应并促进社会生产力进展、缓和劳资冲突、 加快了经济现代化进程，但是它并没有、也不行能转变资本主义生产关系；（没有转变资本主义私人占有制，没 有转变资本主义剥削的实质，没有转变资本主义的基本冲突，导致经济危机的根源依旧存在）五、论述题：（1）表达了中国古代的民本思想，但本质上民本仍以君主为前提，是从统治的角度重视人r

36、elationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review conte nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 determine sta ndar d vol ume units "1

37、" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr oblem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a s ubje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a

38、nd units of measurement of com mon units of measurem nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, weight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method

39、 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates 16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classification slightly 17, and subje