C程序设计复习题详解

1、C+程序设计复习题详解1、求100999中的。所谓水仙花数是指一个三位数，它的每位数字的立方之和等于该数。例如，因为153135333，所以153为水仙花数。(P86.T19)#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ()int i,j,k,n; cout<<"narcissus numbers are:"<<endl; for (n=100;n<1000;n+) i=n/100; j=n/10-i*10; k=n%10; if (n = i*i*i + j*j*j + k*k*

2、k) cout<<n<<" " cout<<endl;return 0; 2、从键盘里输入n个整数，然后对n个整数从小到大排序后输出，要求n也从键盘输入。方法1#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main()int i,j,n;int a100=1;cout<<"输入数字的个数："cin>>n;cout<<"输入要比较的数字："<<endl;for(i=0;i<n;i+)cin>&

3、gt;ai;cout<<"排序后的数字为："<<endl;for(j=0;j<n-1;j+)for(i=0;i<n-1-j;i+)if(ai>ai+1)int t;t=ai;ai=ai+1;ai+1=t;for(i=0;i<n;i+)cout<<ai<<" "cout<<endl;return 0;方法2#include<iostream>using namespace std;struct Numberint num;Number *next;int mai

4、n()void add(Number *);void output_num(Number *);void sort(Number *);Number *head=new Number;/初始化头指针head->next=NULL;add(head);cout<<endl<<"你输入的要排序的数为："<<endl;output_num(head);sort(head);cout<<endl<<"排序后的数为："<<endl;output_num(head);return 0;vo

5、id add(Number *head)Number *p1=NULL,*p2=NULL;p1=head;for(;)cout<<"请输入要排序的数字，输入结束："<<endl;cin>>p1->num;if(p1->num=0)break;p2=new Number;p1->next=p2;p1=p2;p1->next=NULL;void output_num(Number *head)Number *p=head;while(p->next!=NULL)cout<<p->num<&

6、lt;" "p=p->next;cout<<endl;void sort(Number *head)Number *p1;Number *p2;Number temp;bool bsort;for(;)bsort=true;p1=head;for(;(p1->next->next)!=NULL;)p2=p1->next; if(p1->num)>(p2->num) temp.num=p1->num; p1->num=p2->num; p2->num=temp.num;bsort=false; p1

7、=p1->next;if(bsort)break;3、求1+2+3+100。(例3.10)#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main()int i,sum=0;for(i=1;i<=100;i+)sum=sum+i;cout<<sum<<endl;return 0;4、用下面公式求的近似值。/41-1/3+1/5-1/7+直到最后一项的绝对值小于10-7为止。（例3.12）#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include<cmat

8、h>using namespace std;int main()int s=1;double n=1,t=1,pi=0;while(fabs(t)>1e-7)pi=pi+t;n=n+2;s=-s;t=s/n;pi=pi*4;cout<<"pi="<<setiosflags(ios:fixed)<<setprecision(6)<<pi<<endl;return 0;5、编写程序，判断某一年是否为闰年。（例3.8）#include<iostream>using namespace std;in

9、t main()int year;bool leap;cout<<"please enter year:"cin>>year;if(year%4=0)if(year%100=0)if(year%400=0) leap=true;else leap=false;else leap=true;else leap=false;if(leap)cout<<year<<" is"elsecout<<year<<" is not"cout<<" a le

10、ap year."<<endl;return 0;6、求数学式子：a+aa+aaa+.+aa.a的值，其中：a是一个数字，最后一项是一个由n个a构成的数字。如：2+22+222+2222+22222(此时，a为2，n为5)，a和n由键盘输入。#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main() int a,n,i,s=0,t=0; cout<<"a,n=:" cin>>a>>n; for(i=1;i<=n;i+) t=t+a; s=s+t; a=a*10;

11、 cout<<"a+aa+aaa+.="<<s<<endl; return 0;7、有5个人坐在一起，问第5个人多少岁？他说比第4个人大两岁。问第4个人岁数，他说比第3个人大两岁。问第3个人，又说比第2个人大两岁。问第2个人，说比第1个人大两岁。最后问第1个人，他说是10岁。请问第5个人多大？（例4.10）#include<iostream>using namespace std;int age(int);int main()cout<<age(5)<<endl;return 0;int age(int

12、 n)int c;if(n=1) c=10;else c=age(n-1)+2;return c;8、写一个递归程序函数，求n!。（例4.11）#include<iostream>using namespace std;int f(int);int main()int n;cin>>n;if(n<0)cout<<"n<0,错误！"<<endl;elsecout<<n<<"!="<<f(n)<<endl;return 0;int f(int n)in

13、t i;if(n=1) i=1;if(n=2) i=2;else i=n*f(n-1);return i;9、分别利用非递归和递归的方法编写函数求斐波那契数列第 n 项。输出数列中前20个元素的值。(3.13)非递归法：#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;int main()long f1,f2; int i; f1=f2=1; for(i=1;i<=20;i+) cout<<setw(12)<<f1<<setw(12)<<f2; if(i

14、%2=0) cout<<endl; f1=f1+f2; f2=f2+f1; return 0; 递归法：#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;int f(int);int main()int i=20 ; for (i=1;i<=20;i+)cout<<setw(12)<<f(i)<<" "if(i%5=0) cout<<endl;return 0; int f(int n) int a; if(n=1|n=2

15、) a=1;else a= f(n-1)+f(n-2); return a; 10、输入3个字符串，要求将字母按由小到大的顺序输出。（例5.11）#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;int main()string string1,string2,string3,temp;cout<<"请输入3个字符串："cin>>string1>>string2>>string3;if(string2>string3) temp=strin

16、g2;string2=string3;string3=temp;if(string1<=string2) cout<<string1<<" "<<string2<<" "<<string3<<endl;else if(string1<=string3) cout<<string2<<" "<<string1<<" "<<string3<<endl;else co

17、ut<<string2<<" "<<string3<<" "<<string1<<endl;11、对候选人得票的统计程序。设有3个候选人，最终只能有1人当 选为领导。今有10个人参加投票，从键盘先后输入这10个人所投的候选人的名字，要求最后输出这3候选人的得票结果。（例7.2）#include<iostream>using namespace std;struct Personchar name20;int count;int main()Person leader3=&

18、quot;xiao",0,"zhang",0,"sun",0;int i,j;char leader_name20;for(i=0;i<10;i+)cin>>leader_name;for(j=0;j<3;j+)if(strcmp(leader_name,)=0) leaderj.count+;cout<<endl;for(i=0;i<3;i+)cout<<<<":"<<leaderi.count&l

19、t;<endl;return 0;12、输入a,b,c 3个整数，按由大到小的顺序输出。（例6.4）#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main()void exchange(int *,int *,int *);int a,b,c,*p1,*p2,*p3;cin>>a>>b>>c;p1=&a;p2=&b;p3=&c;exchange(p1,p2,p3);cout<<a<<" "<<b<<"

20、"<<c<<endl;return 0;void exchange(int *q1,int *q2,int *q3)void s *,int *);if(*q1<*q2) s);if(*q1<*q3) s);if(*q2<*q3) s);void s *pt1,int *pt2)int temp;temp=*pt1;*pt1=*pt2;*pt2=temp;13、将字符串str1复制为字符串str2。（例6.13）#include<iostream>using namespace std;int main()char str120=

21、"I love CHINA!",str220,*p1,*p2;p1=str1;p2=str2;for(;*p1!='0'p1+,p2+)*p2=*p1;*p2!='0'p1=str1;p2=str2;cout<<"str1 is:"<<p1<<endl;cout<<"str2 is:"<<p2<<endl;return 0;14、分别利用指针参数和引用形参，实现两个变量的值互换。（例6.20）法1 #include<iostr

22、eam>using namespace std;int main()void s &,int &);int i=3,j=5;s);cout<<"i="<<i<<" "<<"j="<<j<<endl;return 0;void s &a,int &b)int t;t=a;a=b;b=t;法2 #include<iostream>using namespace std;int main()void s *,int *)

23、;int i=3,j=5;s);cout<<"i="<<i<<" "<<"j="<<j<<endl;return 0;void s *a,int *b)int t;t=*a;*a=*b;*b=t;15、有一个结构体变量stu，内含学生学号、姓名和3门课的成绩。要求在main函数中为各成员赋值，在另一函数print中将它们的值输出。（例7.5）法1 #include<iostream>#include<string>using namespa

24、ce std;struct Studentint num;string name;float score3;int main()void print(Student);Student stu;stu.num=12345;="Li Fung"stu.score0=67.5;stu.score1=89;stu.score2=78.5;print(stu);return 0;void print(Student stu)cout<<stu.num<<" "<<<<" &q

25、uot;<<stu.score0<<" "<<stu.score1<<" "<<stu.score2<<endl;法2 #include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;struct Studentint num;string name;float score3;int main()void print(Student*);Student stu;stu.num=12345;="

26、;Li Fung"stu.score0=67.5;stu.score1=89;stu.score2=78.5;print(&stu);return 0;void print(Student *p)cout<<p->num<<" "<<p->name<<" "<<p->score0<<" "<<p->score1<<" "<<p->score2<<en

27、dl;法3 #include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;struct Studentint num;string name;float score3;int main()void print(Student &);Student stu;stu.num=12345;="Li Fung"stu.score0=67.5;stu.score1=89;stu.score2=78.5;print(stu);return 0;void print(Student &p

28、)cout<<p.num<<" "<<<<" "<<p.score0<<" "<<p.score1<<" "<<p.score2<<endl;16、有两个长方柱，其长、宽、高分别为： (1)12,20,25；(2)10,14,20。求它们的体积。编一个基于对象的程序，在类中用带参数的构造函数。（例9.2）#include<iostream>using namespace s

29、td;class Boxpublic:Box(int,int,int);int volume();private:int height;int width;int length;Box:Box(int h,int w,int len)height=h;width=w;length=len;int Box:volume()return (height*width*length);int main()Box box1(12,25,30);cout<<"The volume of box1 is "<<box1.volume()<<endl;B

30、ox box2(15,30,21);cout<<"The volune of box2 is "<<box2.volume()<<endl;return 0;17、写一个程序，定义学生基类student 其数据成员有 学号Number，姓名 Name，年龄 age，成绩 score，成员函数有显示成员函数displayStudent（），由它派生出2个派生子类: L_student(小学生)，M_student(中学生)。 L_student(小学生)增加有math(数学)成绩 ， M_student(中学生)增加有math（数学），En

31、glish（英语）成绩。（1）在主函数中分别定义 L_student ，M_student对象，并输出他们各自的信息。（2）能否在M_student类的基础上派生一个G_student类，增加Computer（计算机）成绩。#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;class Student public: Student(int n,string nam,int a,float sco) number=n;name=nam;age=a;score=sco;void show() cout<&l

32、t;"number:"<<number<<endl; cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl; cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl; protected: int number; string name; int age; float score;class L_student: public Studen

33、t public: L_student(int n,string nam,int a,float sco,float m):Student(n,nam,a,sco) math=m; void display1() cout<<"number:"<<number<<endl; cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl; cout<<"score:&qu

34、ot;<<score<<endl;cout<<"math:"<<math<<endl; protected:float math;class M_student: public Student public: M_student(int n,string nam,int a,float sco,float m,float e):Student(n,nam,a,sco) math=m;english=e; void display2() cout<<"number:"<<n

35、umber<<endl; cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl; cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl;cout<<"math:"<<math<<endl; cout<<"english:"<<english<<endl; pr

36、otected: float math;float english; int main( ) L_student stuL(200703686,"Li ming",12,87,83); stuL.display1(); cout<<endl<<endl; M_student stuM(200703684,"wang fan",18,94,86,97); stuM.display2(); return 0;18、定义复数类complex,采用友元函数的形式进行重载运算符：复数输出的插入符<<，采用成员函数的形式进行复数加

37、法运算的运算符重载。#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex public: Complex()real=0;imag=0; Complex(double r,double i)real=r;imag=i; Complex operator + (Complex &c2); friend ostream& operator << (ostream&,Complex&); private: double real; double imag; ;Complex Complex:o

38、perator + (Complex &c2) return Complex(real+c2.real,imag+c2.imag); ostream& operator << (ostream& output,Complex& c)output<<"("<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i)"<<endl; return output;int main()Complex c1(2,4),c2(6,10),c

39、3; c3=c1+c2; cout<<c3; return 0;19、定义一个基类有姓名、性别、年龄，再由基类派生出教师类和学生类，教师类增加工号、职称和工资，学生类增加学号、班级、专业和入学成绩。(参考11.9）#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;class Person public: Person(string nam,char s,int a) name=nam;sex=s;age=a; protected: string name; char sex; int age;cl

40、ass Teacher: public Person public: Teacher(string nam,char s,int a,int n1,string t,float w):Person(nam,s,a) w_number=n1;title=t; wage=w; void show( ) cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl; cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<

41、<endl; cout<<"w_number:"<<w_number<<endl; cout<<"title:"<<title<<endl; cout<<"wage:"<<wage<<endl; protected:int w_number; string title;float wage;class Student: public Person public: Student(string nam,char s,int

42、a,int n2,string g,string spe,float sco): Person(nam,s,a) s_number=n2;grade=g;speciality=spe;score=sco; void show( ) cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl; cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl; cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl; cout<<"s_num

43、ber:"<<s_number<<endl;cout<<"grade:"<<grade<<endl; cout<<"speciality:"<<speciality<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl; protected: int s_number;string grade;string speciality; float score; ;int main( )

44、 Teacher tea1("Wan-li",'f',34,200615,"assistant",4236.5); tea1.show( ); cout<<endl<<endl; Student stu1("Wang-fen",'m',21,200701,"wl0705","wangluo",489.5); stu1.show( );return 0;二。程序阅读题1、 输出程序的结果。 #include <iostream>u

45、sing namespace std;int f(int a) auto int b=0; static int c=3; b=b+1; c=c+1; return a+b+c; int main( ) int a=2,i; for(i=0;i<3;i+) cout<<f(a)<< ; cout<<endl; return 0; 2、 #include <iostream> using namespace std; void fun(); void main() fun(); fun(); void fun( ) int a=5; a=2*

46、a;static int b=10; b=2*b;cout<<a+b<<endl;3、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;void main() int a,b,c; c=2,c+=10;a =b=10; a * = 2; b / = 2; c % = 2; cout<<a<<","<<b<<","<<c<<endl;4、 #include <iostream> using namespac

47、e std;void main() int i=1,sum=0; while(i<=10) sum+ = +i; cout << "sum=" << sum << ", i=" << i<<endl;5、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;void main() int i; for(i=4 ; i<=10 ; i+ ) if (i%3= =0) continue; cout<<i; 6、 #include <

48、;iostream> using namespace std;void main() char flag='c' ; switch(flag)case 'a' :cout<<"1"<<endl ;case 'b' :cout<<"2"<<endl ; break;case 'c' : cout <<"3"<<endl ; default : cout <<"4"&

49、lt;<endl ; break; 7、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;void main()int b3 = 1,2,3,4,5,6 ;b02=12,b12=18;cout << *b<<"t"<<*(b+1) <<"t"<<*(b+2)<<"t"<<*(*(b+1)+2) <<"n"cout << b02+b12+b22<<

50、endl;8、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;void Swap( int &a, int & b);void main()int x=10 , y=7;cout<<"x="<<x<<" y="<<y<<endl;Swap( x , y );cout<<"x="<<x<<" y="<<y<<endl;void S &am

51、p; a, int & b)int temp;temp = a ;a=b ;b=temp ; 9、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;class Apublic:A();A(int i,int j);A()cout<<"Donstructor.n"void print();private:int a,b;A:A( )a=b=10;cout<<"Default constructor.n"A:A(int i,int j) a=i,b=j;cout<<&qu

52、ot;Constructor.n"void A:print( ) cout<<"a="<<a<<",b="<<b<<endl;void main( )A m,n(15,18);m.print();n.print();10、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;struct A char a5; float b; ; void main() A x="Li",89.6; cout<<x.a<&l

53、t;'t'<<x.b<<endl; 11、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;void main()int i(0);while(+i)if(i= =10) break;if(i%3!=1) continue;cout<<i<<endl;12、 #include <iostream> using namespace std;int a8=1,2,3,4,5,6,7;void fun(int *pa,int n);void main( ) int m=8; fun(a,m); cout<<a7<<endl; void fun(int *pa,int n)for (i