小升初一般过去时态讲解10页

1、智翔教育 中小学个性化教学专家智翔教育学员个性化辅导教案辅导科目：英语 授课教师：王晓莹 学生年级：上课时间 课题一般过去时教学目标1. 掌握一般过去时的构成2. 掌握一般过去时的用法3. 掌握一般过去时动词的变化规则重点、难点、考点1. 掌握一般过去时的构成2. 掌握一般过去时的用法3. 掌握一般过去时动词的变化规则教 案10 一般过去时的用法一、概念表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday，yesterday morning，yesterday afternoon，yesterday evening，the day be

2、fore yesterday（前天），last night，last week，last month， last year，a moment ago（刚才），just now（刚才）， two days ago，a week ago，in 1990等。如： I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11：00睡觉。二过去时态的用法1在表示过去某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were构成。如：（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。（2）We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们在体育馆。2在表

3、示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。如：I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。三、动词过去式的构成规律(一)规则动词的过去式1一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed；looklooked playplayed startstarted visitvisited2以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d；livelived useused3以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将 y 改为i ,再加 ed；studystudied trytried flyflied4以重读闭音节（即辅音元音辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个

4、辅音字母后，再加 ed。stopstoppedplanplanned preferpreferred(二)不规则动词的过去式1改变动词中的元音；beginbegan drinkdrank comecame eatate growgrew runran knowknew winwon speakspoketaketook writewrote getgotgo-wentswim-swam draw-drew make-made break-broke sit-satride-rode drive-drove sing-sang give-gave 2 变词尾的d 为t ；buildbuilt（建

5、造） lendlent(借出) sendsent(寄，送) spendspent（花费） bendbent（弯曲）3与动词原形一样；cutcut putput costcost hurthurt shutshut beat-beat4变-ay 为-aid (少数动词)；saysaid paypaid laylaid 5采用不同词根；sellsold teachtaught buybought think-thought catch-caught bring-brought 6.把eep改为ept： keep-kept（保持） sweep-swept（打扫） sleep-slept（睡觉） 7其

6、他。am/iswas arewere have/hashad dodid四、加“-ed”后的读音方法1.ed加在清辅音后面读/t/。finished /-t/ helped /-t/ asked /-t/2.ed加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/。played /-d/ lived /-d/ enjoyed /-d/3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/。wanted /-tid/ needed /-did/ visited /-tid/五、句式变化（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句1把was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was？引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes， was. 否定回答为：

7、No，. wasnt. 由Were？引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes， were. 否定回答为：No， werent.如：（1）I was born in Shanghai. Were you born in Shanghai?Yes, I was. (肯定回答) No, I wasnt. (否定回答)（2）They were in Li Yans home last night. Were they in Li Yans home last night?Yes, they were. (肯定回答) No, they werent. (否定回答)2在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词did来引

8、导，其余的语序不变。要注意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes, did. 否定回答：No, didnt.如：John played computer games last night.Did John play computer games last night?Yes, he did. (肯定回答) No, he didnt. (否定回答)（二）一般过去时的否定句1在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。如：（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the pa

9、rk the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didnt.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didnt + 动词原形。如：（1）She played the violin last night.She didnt play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didnt swim in the lake yesterday.

10、(三)、一般过去式的特殊疑问句1.What did ?（主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原形。）We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night?2.Where did ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?3.Who + 动词过去式 ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。)Mike and Tom cli

11、mbed mountains last weekend. Who climbed mountains last weekend?六过去时练习(一）.用be动词的适当形式填空1I _ at school just now.2He _ at the camp last week.3We _ students two years ago.4They _ on the farm a moment ago.5Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7There _ some milk

12、in the fridge on Sunday.8The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.9She _ happy yesterday.10They _ glad to see each other last month.11Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.(二)句型转换1. It was exciting.  否定句：_一般疑问

13、句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.  否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his pocket.  否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_4. There was a car in front of the house just now.  否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_5.He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_（三）.

14、中译英1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。_2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。_3刚刚花园里有两只小鸟。_4. 我们上周五看了一部电影。_课后练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sund

15、ay? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground.  否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. He didn't do morning exercises yest