chapter 7 Repetition

1、7 Repetition 7.1 Grammatical Reptition(语法性重复) 7.1.1 Repetition of noum A. 重复英语中作宾语的名词 1) Let us revise our safety and sanity regulations. 我们来修订安全规则和卫生规则吧。我们来修订安全规则和卫生规则吧。 2）They begin to study and analyze the situation of the enemy. B. 重复英语中作表语的名词 3）This has been our position but not theirs. 这一直是我们的

2、立场而不是他们的立场。 4) John is your friend as much as he is mine.约翰既是你的朋友又是我的朋友。 C. 重复英语前置词短语前所省略的名词 5) The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of seventeen hundred ordinary patients. 医生从我身上得到的实践，会比从一千七百个普通病人身上得到的实践多。 6）The story of Jurjis is a story of groans and tears, of poor human beings de

3、stroyed by the capitalist industrial machine. 尤吉斯的故事是一篇充满泪水和呻吟的故事，是资本主义工业机器摧残不行的人们的故事。7）We see, threrefore , how the modern bourgeoisie is itself the product of a long course of development, of a series of revolutions in the modes of production and of exchange. 由此可见，现代资产阶级本身是一个长期发展过程的产物，是 生产方式和交换方式的

4、一系列变革的产物。 D. 重复英语中作先行词的名词 8）They have staged demonstrations and sit-ins and distributed petitions which inevitably find their way to foreign correspondents posted in Moscow. 他们举行了示威游行和静坐，散发了情愿书，而这些请愿书必定会传到驻莫斯科的外国记者手中。 9) The little apprentice in particular lived in terror of boss, who had borne down

5、 on him so often and so hard that there was little left. 小学徒对老板尤其怕的要死，老板 经常整他而且整得很重，简直把他整瘪了。 7.1.2 Repetition of verb. A. 英语中常用一个动词连接几个宾语或表语，汉译中往往要重复这个动词。 1）Is he a friend or an enemy? 他是个朋友呢，还是个仇人？ 2）The blow hurt not only his hands but his shoulder too. 这一下不仅震痛了他的手，也震痛了他的肩膀。 3）They covered the 19t

6、h century foreign inter vention in China, Maos Long March in the mid-1930s, the French and American revolutions. 他们谈到了十九世纪外国对中国的干涉，谈到了毛泽东在三十年代中期的长征，还谈到了法国革命和美国革命。 B. 英语句子中动词后有前置词时，第二次第三次往往只用前置词而省略动词，在译文中则要重复动词以代替英语中的前置词。 1）We talked of ourselves, of our prospects , of the journey, of the weather, of

7、 each other of everything but our host and hostess. 我们谈到自己，谈到前途，谈到旅程，谈到天气，谈到彼此的情况谈到一切，只是不谈我们的男女主人。 2） He no longer dreamed of storms , nor of great occurrences , nor of great fish, nor fights, nor contests of strength. 他不再梦见风涛，不再梦见惊人的遭遇，也不再梦见大鱼、搏斗和角力。 3） He supplied his works not only with biographi

8、es, but with portraits of their supposed authors. 他不仅在作品中提供作者传记，而且还提供假想作者的画像。 7.1.3 Repetition of the pronoun A. 英语中用代词的地方，翻译时往往可按汉语的习惯重复其所代替的名词。 1) Jese opened his eyes. They were filled with tears. 杰西睁开眼睛，眼里充满了泪水。 2）In China, they “made mistake”, suffered by them, acknowledged and studied them, th

9、us planned victory. 在中国，他们“犯过错误”，吃过错误的亏，承认错误 ，研究错误，从而制订了胜利的方针。 B. 英语中用物主代词its his their 等等以代替句中作主语的名词时，翻译时往往不用代词而重复其作主语的名词，以达到明确具体的目的。 1）Happy families also had their own troubles. 幸福的家庭也有幸福家庭的苦恼。 2) Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines. 强国有强国的策略，小国也有小国的路线

10、。 3）Each country has its own customs. 各国有各国的风俗。 C. 英语中强势关系代词或强势关系副词whoever, whenever, wherever 等等，翻译时往往使用重复法处理。 1）Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized. 谁犯了纪律，谁就应该受到批评。 2）Come to my office and have a talk with me whenever you are free. 你什么时候有空，就什么时候到我办公室来谈一谈。 3） Wherever severe oppre

11、ssion existed, there would be revolution. 哪里有残酷的压迫，哪里就有革命。 4) You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase you like best. 我书架上的小说你最爱哪一本，你就可以借哪一本。 7.1.4 英语中没有重复汉译时采用一种在内容上而不是形式上的重复手段。 1）He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator. 2) Our reception in China , he would tell people, “was enorm

12、ously graciuos and polite”; we were treated “extroindarily well,” the talks were “very businesslike,very precise, no rhetoric on either side.” 他逢人便说，中国接待我们“非常周到，客气极了”；给我们的待遇“好得不得了”；会谈“非常务实，非常明确，双方都不说空话”。 7.2 Rhetorical Reduplication and Repetition(修辞性的重叠和重复） 7.2.1 为了强调 1. Gentleman may cry peace, pe

13、acebut there is no peace. 先生们尽管可以高喊和平，和平！但是依然没有和平。 2. Prominent among the most prominent upon the most prominent shelf were series of splendidly bound volumes entitle “Skinners(史金纳) Works.” 在那个最显眼的书架上最显眼的书籍中显眼的几卷就是金装的名叫史金纳全集一套书。 7.2.2 翻译下面三个句子： 1. But there had been too much publicity about my case.

14、 2. The streets were overrun by Hitlers bullies. 3. Target priorities were established there. 7.2.2 为了生动 英语原文中即使没有词的重复，翻译时为了使译文生动，有时也可以采用下列各种重复手段。 A. 运用两个四字词组 1. But there had been too much publicity about my case. 但我的事现在已经搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了 2. The streets were overrun by Hitlers bullies. 那时希特勒的暴徒在街上横行霸道，

15、无恶不作。 3. Target priorities were established there. 目标的轻重缓急，孰先孰后，是在那里确定的。 B. 运用词的重叠 1. I had been completely honest in my replies, withholding nothing. 我的回答完全是坦坦荡荡的，直言无隐。 2. His children, too, were as ragged and wild as if they belonged to nobody. 他的那些孩子，也是穿得破破烂烂，粗也不堪， 就像没有父母似的。 3. Only a very slight

16、 and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand clapping greeted him. 欢迎他的只有几下轻轻的、零零落落、冷冷淡淡的掌声。 4. With his tardiness, carelessness and appalling good humor, we were sore perplexed. 他老是磨磨蹭蹭，马马虎虎，脾气又好得惊人，我们都对他毫无办法。 C. 运用四字对偶词组 1. I was admittedly shy. 我是以腼腆胆怯著称的。 2. It was a bright September afternoon, and the streets of New York were brilliant with moving man. 这是九月的一个晴朗的下午，纽约的大街上人来人往，五光十色。 3.