二轮复习学案-完形填空

1、2010高考二轮复习英语学案专题十八 完形填空【典例精析】 A（2009.北京卷） 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Jamess New Bicycle James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully _36_ the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90! _37_ on earth was

2、 he going to get the _38_ of the money? He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was _39_ to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no _40_ asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to _41_. There was only one way

3、to get money, and that was to _42_ it. He would have to find a job. _43_ who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice, who usually had _44_ on most things. “Well, you can start right here,” said Mr. Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.” That was

4、 the _45_ of Jamess odd-job（零工） business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the _46_ of jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the _47_ of cars he washed and

5、windows he cleaned, but the _48_ increased and he knew that he would soon have _49_ for the bicycle he longed for. The day _50_ came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He _51_ no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode _52_ home, looking forward to showin

6、g his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard _53_ for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more _54_ he had bought it with his own money. He had _55_what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle. - 2 - / 3736. A. cleaned B. covered C. counted

7、 D. checked 37. A. How B. Why C. Who D. What 38. A. amount B. part C. sum D. rest 39. A. brave B. hard C. smart D. unfair 40. A. point B. reason C. result D. right 41. A. split B. spend C. spare D. save 42. A. borrow B. earn C. raise D. collect 43. A. Or B. So C. For D. But 44. A. decisions B. exper

8、ience C. opinions D. knowledge 45. A. beginning B. introduction C. requirement D. opening 46. A. similarity B. quality C. suitability D. variety 47. A. brand B. number C. size D. type 48. A. effort B. pressure C. money D. trouble 49. A. all B. enough C. much D. some 50. A. finally B. instantly C. no

9、rmally D. regularly 51. A. gave B. left C. took D. wasted 52. A. patiently B. proudly C. silently D. tiredly 53. A. applying B. asking C. looking D. working 54. A. since B. if C. than D. though 55. A. deserved B. benefited C. achieved D. learned 答案和解析：36.【解析】C为了买自行车，作者在数自己的钱。count数符合题意。 37.【解析】A表示方式

10、，他到底怎么样才能得到购买自行车的其余的钱呢？38.【解析】D作者已经有了24.52美元，在这里用rest指购买自行车的其余的钱。 39.【解析】B作者的朋友都有自行车，这样的话他和他们一起出去的话就会觉得很难。 40.【解析】A句型：there be no point in doing sth,做什么是没有意义的。 41.【解析】C作者知道自己的父母抽不出任何钱让他去买自行车。spare sb. sth,给某人抽出某种东西，该物多为时间或金钱。 42.【解析】B作者认识到实现自己梦想的唯一方式是自己挣钱。earn挣钱；collect收集，筹集；raise筹集。所以正确答案为B。 43.【解析

11、】D上下文是转折关系，虽然他知道要自己挣钱，但是谁会雇佣他呢？ 44.【解析】C Mr. Clay对大多数事情都有自己的见解。opinions见解。 45.【解析】A那是James零工的开始，beginning 开始。 46.【解析】D为了凑够买自行车的钱，他做了各种各样的零工。variety种类，符合题意。 47.【解析】B为了购买自行车，他为别人刷了很多车，他自己都已经记不清刷过的车的数量了。 48.【解析】C随着自己做零工的增加，钱也越来越多，C项符合题意。49.【解析】B他知道自己不久就会有足够多的钱去买自己梦想中的自行车了。 50.【解析】A能够买起自行车的那一天终于到来了，fina

12、lly终于符合句意。 51.【解析】D当他数过自己的钱后，他立刻去买自行车了，没有浪费一分钟的时间。 52.【解析】B经过自己的努力，他终于实现了自己的愿望，所以当然是自豪地proudly。 53.【解析】D为挣钱而工作当然是辛苦的， 54.【解析】A该句话的意思是：James知道他的自行车意义重大，因为他是用自己的钱购买的。55.【解析】C他通过自己的努力实现了自己的梦想。achieve实现，符合句意 B（2009.天津卷原创解析）：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The first

13、 time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me as I drove my son to school. He 16 me with a puzzle - all because he waved to me like someone does 17 seeing a close friend. A big, 18 smile accompanied his wave. For the next few days I tried to 19 his face to see if I knew him. I

14、 didnt. Perhaps he had 20 me for someone else. By the time I contented myself with the 21 that he and I were strangers, we were greeting each other warmly every morning like old friends.Then one day the 22 was solved. As I 23 the school he was standing in the middle of the road 24 his stop sign. I w

15、as in live behind four cars. 25 the kids had reached the safety of the sidewalk, he lowered his sign and let the cars 26. To the first he waved and 27 in just the same way he had done to me over the last few days. The kids already had the window down and were happily waving their reply. The second c

16、ar got the same 28 from the crossing guard, and the driver, a stiff-looking（表情刻板的） businessman, gave a brief, almost 29 wave back. Each following car of kids on their way to school 30 more heartily.Every morning I continued to watch the man with 31. So far I havent seen anyone 32 to wave back. I fin

17、d it interesting that one person can make such a（n） 33 to so many peoples lives by doing one simple thing like waving and smiling warmly. His 34 armed the start of my day. With a friendly wave and smiling face he had changed the 35 of the whole neighbourhood.16. A. hit B. disappointedC. presentedD.

18、bored17. A. on B. from C. during D. about18. A. false B. shy C. apologeticD. bright19. A. research B. study C. recognizeD. explore20. A. praised B. blamed C. mistaken D. respected21. A. conclusion B. description C. evaluation D. introduction22. A. argument B. disagreementC. mystery D. task23. A. vis

19、ited B. approached C. passed D. left24. A. drawing backB. putting onC. handing in D. holding out25. A. Once B. Before C. Unless D. While26. A. in B. through C. out D. down27. A. cried B. cheered C. smiled D. gestured28. A. idea B. reply C. notice D. greeting29. A. awkward B. angry C. elegant D. pati

20、ent30. A. came B. responded C. hurried D. appeared31. A. surprise B. frustration C. interest D. doubt32. A. fail B. try C. wish D. bother33. A. offer B. sacrifice C. promise D. difference34. A. effectiveness B. Cheerfulness C. carefulness D. seriousness35. A. trends B. observations C. regulations D.

21、 feelings答案和解析：16.【解析】C考查动词。根据下文，“he and I were strangers”，但是“he waved to me like someone does on seeing a close friend，”所以这不合常理，“present（呈现，呈送）me with a puzzle”。17.【解析】A考查介词。根据常识，人们一见到亲密朋友就会挥手问候，on doing sth. “一就”，故选“on”。18.【解析】D考查形容词。和上文 a close friend 相照应，人们见到朋友会呈现“灿烂的”笑容，故选bright“欢快的，兴高采烈的，灿烂的”。

22、19.【解析】B 考查动词。因为作者不认识他，所以作者想努力观察他的脸以确定是否认识他。study “仔细端详，仔细察看，研究”。20.【解析】C考查动词短语。 the crossing guard的热情与陌生人的身份不符，所以作者认为他是误把自己当成了别人。21.【解析】A考查名词。作者虽然不理解，但还是高兴地接受了这一“结果”conclusion  “结论，结果”， description “描述”，evaluation  “评估，评价”，introduction“介绍，引言”。22.【解析】C考查名词。作者之前只能猜想，认为是神秘的事。本题可用排除

23、法，文中不存在argument（争论、辩论），也没有意见上的分歧（disagreement），也不是任务（task）。23.【解析】B考查动词。 根据下文Each following car of kids on their way to school 30，可知是作者送儿子前往学校的路上。approach “靠近，接近”。24.【解析】D考查动词短语。 根据常识，交警指挥交通会举出他的标志牌。draw back “撤退，撤回”， put on “穿上”， hand in “上交”， hold out“伸出，拿出，举出”。25.【解析】A考查连词。他放下标志牌的前

24、提是孩子们到达马路的安全区域，所以选once 引导条件状语从句。26.【解析】B考查介词。车辆是从马路中间穿过，只有through 有此意。27.【解析】C考查动词。 和上文A big, 18 smile accompanied his wave 相照应。28.【解析】D考查名词。向别人微笑和挥手都是一种问候。29.【解析】A考查形容词。 根据上文对businessman 的描述 stiff-looking(表情刻板的), 所以他的挥手是awkward “笨拙的，不灵活的”，elegant“优雅的”，patient “耐心的”。30.【解析】B考查动词。后面的车辆对交警的“反应”更加开心快乐。

25、本题heartily 是副词，故排除A、D， 再根据题意排除C。31.【解析】C考查名词。作者对其产生了好感，故会以感兴趣的眼光来观察他。32.【解析】A考查动词。 此句是双重否定，作者没见到任何不向这个交警回以挥手的人。前已有否定词，只有A选项表否定，fail to do sth.“未能做某事”。33.【解析】D考查名词在固定短语中的意思辨析。 “make a difference” means “to have an important effect on a thing or a situation”(有影响，使不同)。sacrifice（牺牲）不合题意。34.【解析】B考查名词。 ef

26、fectiveness “有效性”，cheerfulness “快乐，开朗，欣然热情”， carefulness“细心”，seriousness“严肃”。35.【解析】D考查名词和动词搭配。他改变了邻里之间的“感情”，本题考查动宾搭配，其他三项都不能做“改变”的宾语。【学法导航】考生按照教师的引导在复习备考中既要重视基本知识的复习巩固、延伸拓展还要多做完形填空题在练中提高自己的应试能力，同时要研究该题型，注重完形填空的做题技巧。完形填空考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言的要求（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，以及对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的辨识能力等。从近几年高考试

27、题来看，完形填空题的命题基本特点：1高考完形填空所选文章体裁主要有三种：记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议文，议论文较少；短文长度相对稳定，一般在250-300词之间，以不少于210词为准，以保证20个题目的设置；2. 高考完形填空选材贴近生活，易于为考生接受、理解，并且都有一个主题，文章难度稍低于阅读理解题中的短文，并且结构严谨、层次分明、逻辑性强，为考生发挥其逻辑思维能力、理解内容，选择最佳答案创造了条件。首句一般不设空，以帮助考生尽快进入文章内容；3. 高考完形填空设空以考查实词为主，名词、动词、形容词和副词等要占到全部选项的90%以上，以考查虚词，即冠词、介词、连词为辅；以考查单词为主，考查短语

28、为辅。其选项的设计思路清晰，每小题的四个选项一般为相同词类，语意范畴相同；选项绝大多数为一个词，且长短相差不多；选项之间没有相互包容现象。但干扰项的设计都有一定的迷惑性。总之，考生只有很好地打好基础，过好基本知识关，了解该题型的命题特点，在老师的指导下注重做题技巧的训练，就能事半功倍。【专题突破】考生在做完形填空题时一般要有考虑四个线索：1.上下文的情节和文章；2.词汇的意义和用法；3.逻辑推理和常识；4.习惯用法和固定搭配。当然这四个线索在解题过程中并非泾渭分明，多数题目需要综合几个方面的因素来考虑，一切以文章要求为准，使其复原。解题过程中要随时设想所遇到的空处应该出现的内容，然后再以该题所

29、给的选项来验证自己的推测，然后做出必要的调整。具体解题方法如下：1.通读全文，把握大意（粗读）考生应该养成通读全文的习惯。在此过程中考生可不看选项，跳读全文，把握文章的整体结构，注意能体现文章大意的关键词、句，尤其要注意文章首句，它往往是文章的题眼和透视全文的关键。有的同学或急于求成，总想“一步到位”，或是由于原文设置的空格所造成的理解，障碍，担心通读文章不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或“见木不见林”，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。2再读全文，透析文章(细读)完形填空每个空格的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项

30、都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到：(1)瞻前顾后，注意上下文的内在逻辑关系；(2)不应简单互译，应注意英汉差别；(3)仔细研读细节，准确理解语境，克服定势思维；(4)明确表层意义，挖掘深层含义，做到“表里”如一。3.检查验证，理清逻辑(回读)做完一篇完形填空后，考生应把空白处补全，然后再通读一遍，抓住文章的脉络、主旨。如果还是似懂非懂，则需重新验证答案，在仔细推敲后最终确定答案。当然，如果确实很R9定最佳选项的话，最好保留最初的选择，即尊重“第一感觉”。 （1）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出能

31、填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 It was the end of my first day as waitress in a busy New York restaurant. My cap had gone away, and my feet 1 . The loaded plates I carried 2 to be heavier and heavier. Tired and discouraged, I didn't seem able to do anything 3 . As I made out a check for a family with several chil

32、dren who had changed their ice-cream 4 a dozen times, I was ready to stop. Then the father 5 at me as he handed me my tip. "Well done,' he said, "you've 6 us really well." Suddenly my tiredness 7 . I smiled back, and later, when the manager asked me how Id like my first day, I

33、 said," 8 !' Those few words of praise had 9 everything. Praise is like 10 to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And 11 , while most of us are only too 12 to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are 13 unwilling to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.

34、 Why-when one word of praise can bring such 14 ?It's strange how chary (吝啬) we are about praising. Perhaps it's 15 few of us know how to accept it. It's 16 rewarding to give praise in areas in which 17 generally goes unnoticed or unmentioned. An artist gets complimented (admired) for a g

35、lorious picture, a cook for a 18 meal. But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are 19 just right? In fact, to give praise 20 the giver nothing but a moment's thought and a moment's effort.1. A. rested B. hurt C. broke D. slipped2. A. remained B. looked C

36、. seemed D. appeared3. A. new B. special C. nervous D. right4. A. order B. price C. material D. chair5. A. stared B. smiled C. glanced D. nodded6. A. called on B. looked after C. passed by D. thought of7. A. arrived B. continued C. disappeared D. developed8. A. Oh B. Well C. Fine D. Terrible9. A. ma

37、de B. changed C. found D. improved10. A. heat B. warmth C. snowstorm D. sunlight11. A. then B. thus C. therefore D. yet12. A. ready B. doubtful C. satisfied D. disappointed13. A. unable B. unwilling C. likely D. anxious14. A. attention B. choice C. pleasure D. difficulty15. A. because B. when C. wha

38、t D. where16. A. finally B. especially C. silly D. fortunately17. A. effort B. attempt C. deed D. feeling18. A. daily B. light C. perfect D. poor19. A. done B. sold C. chosen D. given20. A. adds B. leaves C. offers D. costs（2）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Coming home from school that

39、 dark winter day so long ago, I was filled with excitement of having the weekend off. But I was 1 into stillness by what I saw. Mother, seated at the far end of the sofa, 2 , with the second-hand green typewriter on the table. She told me that she couldnt type fast and then she was out of work. My s

40、hock and embarrassment at finding Mother in tears was a perfect proof of how 3 I understood the pressures on her. Sitting beside her on the sofa, I began very 4 to understand. “I guess we all have to 5 sometime, ”Mother said quietly. I could 6 her pain and the tension of 7 the strong feelings that w

41、ere interrupted by my arrival. Suddenly, something inside me 8 . I reached out and put my arms around her. She broke then. She put her face 9 my shoulder and sobbed. I held her 10 and didnt try to talk. I knew I was doing what I should, what I could 11 it was enough. In that moment, feeling Mothers

42、12 with feelings, I understood for the first time her being so easy to 13 . She was still my mother, 14 she was something 15 : a person like me, capable of fear and 16 and failure. I could feel her pain as she must have felt mine on a thousand occasions when I sought 17 in her arms. A week later Mot

43、her took a job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station 18 . “Its a job I can do, though” she said simply. But the evening practice on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very 19 feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her tapping 20 across the paper. I knew there

44、 was something more going on in there than a woman learning to type. 1. A. tiredB. ashamedC. lazy D. shocked 2. A. crying B. smilingC. thinking D. whispering 3. A. eagerly B. worriedly C. littleD. much 4. A. quickly B. slowlyC. suddenly D. proudly 5. A. failB. winC. fall sickD. give in 6. A. know of

45、 B. watchC. sense D. recognize 7. A. holding backB. putting awayC. sitting upD. stopping from 8. A. lit upB. came true C. turned D. increased 9. A. to B. upC. through D. against 10. A. tightlyB. thoughtfullyC. carefullyD. politely 11. A. and thatB. now thatC. but that D. so that 12. A. handB. faceC.

46、 hair D. back 13. A. contentB. break C. fallD. understand 14. A. thereforeB. howeverC. yetD. though 15. A. moreB. muchC. littleD. huge 16. A. wound B. defeatC. cutD. hurt 17. A. kindnessB. memoryC. comfortD. support 18. A. suppliedB. offeredC. paid forD. contributed 19. A. differentB. hardC. pleasan

47、tD. serious 20. A. offB. awayC. outD. through （3）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of ones intelligence . But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people .The so-called non-intelli

48、gence factors include 1 feelings , will , motivation , interests and habits . After a 30-year follow-up study of 8000 males , American psychologists 2 that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence 3 , but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn , will power an

49、d self-confidence . 4 people all know that one should have definite objectives , a strong will and good learning habits , quite a number of teachers and parents dont pay much attention to 5 these factors .Some parents are greatly worried 6 their children fail to do well in their studies . They blame

50、 either genetic factors , malnutrition , or laziness , but they never take 7 consideration these non-intelligence factors . At the same time , some teachers dont inquire into these , as reasons 8 students do poorly . They simply give them more courses and exercises , or 9 criticize or laugh at them

51、. After all , these students lose self-confidence . Some of them just feel defeated and 10 themselves up as hopeless . Others may go astray because they are sick of learning . 11 investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 11.5 per cent of them were 12 of learning

52、 , because of examinations , 1.4 per cent lacked persistence , initiative and consciousness and 10.3 per cent were sick of learning .It is clear 13 the lack of cultivation （培养） of non-intelligence factors has been a main 14 to intelligence development in teenagers . It even causes an imbalance between physiological and 15 development among a few students .If we dont start now to 1