理工AB_预测试题_2009年版

1、中大网校引领成功职业人生 1、第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1She exhibited (B级)her paintings at our school.A:examinedB:distributedC:collectedD:displayed答案:D2、Many young Japanese engineers have been lured (B级)to the Middle East by the prom

2、ise of high wages.A:forced B:attackedC:attractedD: compelled答案:C3、 When does the next train depart(B级)?A:reached B:arrivedC:left D:passed答案:C4、It is liable (B级)to rainA:reliable B:likelyC:availableD: able答案:B5、He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress(B级)A:despairB:troubleC:needD:servi

3、ce答案:B6、The speed of the machine can be automatically regulated(B级)A:when B:until C:before D:than答案:A7、She is noted (A级)for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor.A:charged B:accusedC:famousD:responsible答案:C8、They scattered (A级)after dinnerA:separated B:fledC:spreadD:ran答案:A9、You start

4、led (A级)me when you shoutedA:threatenedB:amazedC:interrupted D: troubled答案:B10、It is said the houses along this street will soon be demolished(A级)A:pulled downB:pulled upC:pulled offD:pulled in答案:A11、She tried to probe (A级)my mind and discover what I was thinking.A:solved B:explored C:involved D:exp

5、loded答案:B12、 When he called me a thief I promptly(A级) hit him.A:quietlyB:graduallyC:silently D:immediately答案:D13、Fracture (A级)of any part of the body can be very serious in old people.A:pain B:frame C:sufferingD: crack答案:D14、Some scientists are working hard at how tide can be harnessed (A级)to produc

6、e electricity.A:changedB:convertedC: used D:guided答案:C15、 The story is touching(A级)A:inspiring B: boringC:movingD:frightening答案:C16、第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。 Study Helps Predict Big Mediterranea

7、n Quake Scientists have found evidence that an overlooked fault in the eastern Mediterranean1 is likely to produce an earthquake and tsunami every 800 years as powerful as the one that destroyed Alexandria2 in AD3 365. Using radiocarbon dating techniques, simulations and computer models, the researc

8、hers recreated the ancient disaster in order to identify the responsible fault. We are saying there is probably a repeat time of 800 years for this kind of earthquake,' said Ms Beth Shaw, an earthquake scientist at the University of Cambridge, who led the study. Scientists study past earthquakes

9、 in order to determine the future possibility of similar large shocks. Identifying the fault for the AD 365 earthquake and tsunami is important for the tens of millions of people in the region, Ms. Shaw said. The fault close to the southwest coast of Crete4 last produced a big enough quake to genera

10、te a tsunami about 1300, which means the next powerful one could come in the next 100 years, she added in a telephone interview. Ms. Shaw and her colleagues calculate the likely intervals by measuring the motion of either side of the fault to find how often such large earthquakes would have to occur

11、 to account for that level of motion, she said. Their computer model suggested an 8 magnitude quake on the fault would produce a tsunami that floods the coastal regions of Alexandria and North Africa, the southern coast of Greece5 and Sicily6 all the way up the Adriati7 to Dubrovnik8. This would be

12、similar to the ancient quake in AD 365 that caused widespread destruction in much of Greece and unleashed a tsunami that flooded Alexandria and the Nile Delta9, likely killing tens of thousands of people, she said. 词汇：fault n. 断层 interval n. 间隔tsunami n. 海啸 magnitude n. 等级radiocarbon n. 放射性碳 destruc

13、tion n. 破坏，毁灭simulation n. 模拟 unleash v. 放出，释放 注释:1. the eastern Mediterranean: 地中海东部2. Alexandria: 阿里山大埃及北部港市3. AD: 公元后(AD是拉丁文Anno Domini首字母的所写)4. Crete: 希腊克里特岛5. Greece: <SPANA: RightB:Wrong C:Not mentionedD: 答案:A解析:A文章的主题是，以往科学家忽视了地中海断层的存在。现在地震学家对地中海断层进行研究，并认定断层的运动造成公元365年的地震和海啸，以及推算出地震和海啸发生的周

14、期。所以，本句表达的意思是对的。17、It is fun to identify the fault for the AD 365 earthquake and tsunami.A:Right B: Wrong C:Not mentionedD: 答案:B解析:B文章第三段说到，“认定断层造成了公元365年的地震和海啸，这一认定对该地区的几千万人来说是重要的”。把这项研究说成是有趣的与原文“重要”的意思有很大的不同，所以是错误的。18、 Radiocarbon dating techniques can be used to identify the age of the earth.A:Ri

15、ght B:Wrong C:Not mentionedD: 答案:C解析:C 全文没有一处提到radiocarbon dating techniques可用来确定地球的年龄。19、Scientists predict that the next powerful earthquake in the eastern Mediterranean may take place some time before 2100.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentionedD: 答案:A解析:A Shaw女士和她的研究组认定，地中海东部的断层的移动每800年左右会引发一次超强地震和海啸。前两

16、次发生的时间分别是365年和l300年左右。根据这一推断，在未来l00年中，会发生一次超强地震和海啸。第三段对此有说明。20、 Ms. Shaw has her colleagues help her in the study of earthquake predictionA:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentionedD: 答案:A解析:A 这句表达的意思与原文相符。原句见第四段第一句：“MsShaw and her colleaguescalculate the likely intervals by measuring the motion of either side

17、of the fault to gauge how often such large earthquakes would have to occur to account for that level of motion”。21、Ms. Shaw measured the movement of either side of the fault to identify the magnitude of the earthquake taking place in AD 365.A:RightB:Wrong C:Not mentionedD: 答案:B解析:B Shaw女士和她的研究组测量过th

18、e motion of either side of the fault，但目的不是为了identify the magnitude of the earthquake taking place in AD 365，而是为了find how often such large earthquakes would have to occur to account for that level of motion。22、The earthquake prediction devices developed by Ms. Shaw are being widely used in the world.

19、A:RightB: Wrong C:Not mentionedD: 答案:C解析:C 纵观全文，文章中没有一句提到Shaw女士发明过地震预测装置，更没有谈及这种装置在全世界得到广泛应用这一点。23、第三部分：概括大意与完成句子（每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1-4 题要求从所给的5个选项中为第2-5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5-8题要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 Volts from the Sky Lightning has caused awe and wonder since ol

20、d times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as an enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon. Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, thoughprocesses are still not fully understood. Typica

21、lly, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground's surfaces, making it become positively charged. The posi

22、tive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning. Lightning can occur within a

23、 cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and theground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, includin

24、g sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 mil

25、es long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds. Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a

26、 lightning discharge.Temperatures near the discharge can reach as high as 50,O00°F within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder. About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any time, generating about 100 lightnin

27、g strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a 1-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State

28、 Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually. You can measure how far you are from a lightning strike by counting the seconds between viewing the flash and hearing the bang, and then dividing by five. This approximates the mileage.1.Paragraphs 2 and 3A:Types of lighten

29、ingB:Cause of lighteningC: Differences between thunder and thunderstormD:Frequencies of thunderstorms occurring in the world and the U.SE:Shock waves as thunder答案:B解析: B。段落的开头和结尾语句均出现lightning， 因此判断该词很可能是该段落的中心词。段落开头句说“当电荷在雨云中分开就会产生闪电”（这是在讲述闪电的形成）， 段落末未句说“我们认为这种放电就是闪电”（这是在定义闪电就是放电， 也是在说明闪电的形成）， 因此判断

30、C是答案。24、Paragraph 4A:Types of lighteningB:Cause of lighteningC:Differences between thunder and thunderstormD:Frequencies of thunderstorms occurring in the world and the U.S.E:Shock waves as thunder答案:A解析: A借助段落中的用词特点：段落中出现了种种闪电类型：intra-cloud lightning，Cloud-to-ground lightning， Ball lightning及对它们相关的

31、介绍， 因此判断B是答案. 25、Paragraph 5A:Types of lighteningB:Cause of lighteningC:Differences between thunder and thunderstormD:Frequencies of thunderstorms occurring in the world and the U.S.E:Shock waves as thunder答案:E解析:E. 利用段首句和段尾句中的用词特点：段首句和段未句中均出现了Thunder， 因此这个词很可能是该段落的中心词， 这样只有D和F可能是答案， 但是D中提到的thunders

32、torm（雷暴）在该段落中根本没有出现， 因此判断答案是F。 26、 Paragraph 6A:Types of lighteningB:Cause of lighteningC:Differences between thunder and thunderstormD:Frequencies of thunderstorms occurring in the world and the U.S.E:Shock waves as thunder答案:D解析: D。段落中的例举的数字（100 lightning strikes every second， 8 million daily， 20

33、million a year, or about 22,000 per day.）对应E中所提到的雷暴发生频率。27、In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightening, the ground's surfaceA: occurs most infrequently.B:is shifted sideways by strong windsC:is often hidden from our view.D:is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightening.E:is pos

34、itively charged.答案:E解析:该题可根据句意，直接借助常识判断答案。该题出题句在第2段。答案相关句：In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground's surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers

35、 at elevated points.28、One form of lightening that . is ball lightening.A:occurs most infrequentlyB:is shifted sideways by strong windsC:is often hidden from our view.D:is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lighteningE:is positively charged.答案:A解析:A。利用“ball lightning”作为定位线索词，这样在第4段的最

36、后一句找到出题句：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.29、Cloud lightening looks like a ribbon when its lighting channel .A: occurs most infrequently.B:is shifte

37、d sideways by strong winds.C:is often hidden from our view.D:is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightening.E:is positively charged.答案:B解析:利用“cloud lightning, ribbon ”作为定位线索词，这样在第4段找到出题句：When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel

38、 sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. 30、Although not fully understanding processes of lightening, man .A:occurs most infrequently.B:is shifted sideways by strong winds.C:is often hidden from our view.D:is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightening.E:is positively charged.答案:D解析:该

39、题可借助常识和句意选择答案。31、第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 第1篇 Mind-readingMachine A team of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning what's happening in their brains.

40、When you look at something, your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain. Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send. Cells in your brain called neurons are responsible for this processing. The fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ) 2 brain scans could ge

41、nerally match electrical activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at. Like cells anywhere else in your body, active neurons use oxygen. Blood brings oxygen to the neurons, and the more active a neuron is, the more oxygen it will consume. The more active a region

42、 of the brain, the more active its neurons, and in turn, the more blood will travel to that region. And by using fMRI, scientists can visualize3 which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood-and therefore, which parts are working to process information. An fMRI machine is a device that sca

43、ns the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain. The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks, looks at something, or carries out an activity like speaking or reading. By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different ima

44、ges, fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images. The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects, like people, animals, and fruits. The scientists used an fMR

45、I machine to record the volunteers' brain activity with each photograph they looked at. Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers' brains to light up on the scan, indicating activity. The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might resp

46、ond to any image the eyes see. In a second test, the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures. Like before, their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image. This time, the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image. For example, if a scan in t

47、he second test showed the same pattern of brain activity that was strongly related to pictures of apples in the first test, their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples. 词汇：scan v. &amp;n. 扫描 visualize v. 使可见；设想neuron n. 神经元 注释:1. Mind-reading: 能读出(猜出<SPAN laA:A smal

48、l region of the brainB:The central part of the brain.C:Neurons in the brain.D:Oxygen-rich blood.答案:C解析: 文章第二段的最后两个句子提供了答案。Cells in your brain called neurons are responsible for this processin9这里的processin9指的就是上句中的内容。32、 Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?A:Ceils in your bra

49、in are called neurons.B:The more oxygen a neuron consumes, the more blood it needsC:FMRI helps scientists to discover which parts of the brain process information.D:fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently.答案:D解析:的电容文章中没有出现。A的内容在第二段可找到。B的内容在第二段可找到。C的内容在第五段可找到。33、"H

50、ighlighting the areas of the brain at work" meansA:"marking the parts of the brain that are processing information"B:"giving light to the parts of the brain that are processing information"C:"putting the parts of the brain to work"D:"stopping the parts of the

51、brain from working"答案:A解析:A highlight：使显得突出，标出。at work：正在工作的。这里指正在处理信息的(大脑区域)。34、What did the researchers experiment on?A:Animals, objects, and fruits.B:Two volunteers.C:fMRI machines.D:Thousands of pictures.答案:B解析:B答案在文章的第六段中可以找到。实验者让两个自愿受试者观看许多照片，并用fMRI对设备测试他们的大脑在这一过程中的活动。35、Which of the foll

52、owing can be the best replacement of the tide?A:The Recent Development in Science and Technology.B:Your Thoughts Can Be Scanned.C:A Technological Dream.D:A Device that can Help You Calculate答案:B解析:B A论述的范围太大。fMR技术已不再是梦想，所以C也不是正确选择。D所述内容与 文章完全不符。B符合文章内容，是最佳选择。36、U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars

53、NASA1 scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life. Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander2 have identified water in a soil sample; the lander's robotic arm delivered the sa

54、mple Wednesday to an instrument that identifies vapors produced by the heating of samples. "We have water," said William Boynton of the University of Arizona, lead scientist for the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer3, or TEGA. "This is the first time Martian water has been touched and

55、tasted. " The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench" into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of, what its water is like, and whether it is or has ever been a possible habi

56、tat for life. The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep. When the robotic arm first reached that depth, it hit a hard layer of frozen soil. Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days, letting someof the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle. "Mars is giving us some surprises," said Phoenix