广东完形填空指导与训练(10小题)

1、完形填空指导与训练(2008 年广东省英语高考10 小题专版 )完形填空解题指导要领 :审读首句，第一预测全文；步快速通读，上下联系，第二逐句阅读，步认真思索，审读首句 : 明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，把握中心。生词的处理 ；跳过、判断词性、了解大意、猜测。答案语法正确 ,搭配无误 ,结构完整，要求意思通顺 ,前后一致 ,逻辑得当。解题A. 从空格所在的句子单独考虑。B. 从空格所在的前后2-3 句考虑。分析C. 从整个段落、整篇短文考虑。思路一 : 分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构考虑。思路二 : 理解句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的 短文的中心内容

2、。意义、用法和搭配考虑。 前后 2-3 句提供的情景。 上下文提供的信息对应关系以及词语的重复使 用。思路三 : 把握整体意思， 寻找答题线索，第复读全文，全篇联系，把你选择的答案代入短文原句检查复核 。三步思前顾后，核实定夺。（花 1-2 分钟进行检查复核是必要的 ）。热身练习 : 2007 年广东省高考英语科考试说明提供的样题：Nicksat in my classroom after school, five years ago, wanting help on a research paper thatstood between him and graduation. An21stud

3、ent at the school, he felt much worried about hisassignment.Many22find themselves in the same position: A child feels lost with23and turnsto you for help. Not wanting the child to24, some parents step in and take over. I could easilytell the_25between a parent s writing style and the student s style

4、 on homework.Parents often have pure purposes, but the result can be26. They re cheating their kids outof the veryeducationthey want themto get. Allowing children tomaster a skill27lifelonggains.Some ways to help without hurting:Be a model learner. If your child sees you28papers, magazines or litera

5、ture, hemore ll bemotivated to learn.If you re29that he or she is falling behind, talk with the teacher about it instead of doingthe work yourself.Nick made it through fine. I didn t write his paper. Nor did his mother. Instead, we guided himtogether. At30 , we are very happy to see him collect his

6、diploma. But no one was prouder thanNick. He knew what he had done.21.A. averageB. excellentC. open-mindedD. absent-minded22.A. childrenB. teachersC. parentsD. students23.A. schoolB. homeworkC. researchD. graduation24.A. loseB. graduateC. succeedD. fail25.A. differenceB. similarityC. comparisonD. di

7、stance26.A. pitifulB. successfulC. harmfulD. useful27.A. results inB. comes fromC. makes upD. takes over28.A. writingB. readingC. learningD. collecting29.A. sureB. anxiousC. worriedD. happy30.A. classroomB. homeC. graduationD. presentation试题分析与提示： 21、26、29 考查形容词的用法；22、23、25、 30 考查名词的用法；24、27、28 考查动词

8、的用法，其中27 题考查动词短语。2008 年完形填空命题趋势 :完形填空与单项选择最基本的区别在于：完形填空的解题以上下文的内容为前提。通过分析 2007 年样题 , 结合近 3年的试题特点，高考对完形填空试题的命题有如下特点 :实词 (v、n、adj 和 adv、短语等 ) 的 词汇意义与搭配1考查的内容、考点的设计以为主，语法项目基本不考。(因此，能否做好完形填空试题的关键是：读懂短文、读懂句子 )。2具体语境中的意义为主； 一词多义 的考通过语境、上下文内容等考查词汇在点增多。3短文的句式结构相对复杂了(如：语序复杂；插入语、同位语、多重定语、复合句增多) ；4 短文的题材内容多样化,

9、 夹叙夹议、说明文、议论文等短文比较热门。根据“上下文内容考虑 ”专项训练试题 (结合语境、联系篇章进行答题):My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling21, but Ialways knew he was22. He never criticized us, but used23to bring out our best. He d say,“ If you pour water on flowers, they flourish.If you don t give

10、them water, they die. remember ”as Iachild I said something_24 _ aboutsomebody, and my father said, “Any timeyou say somethingunpleasant about somebody else, it s a reflection of you. ned that”if I Helookedexplaifor the best inpeople, I would get the best in return. From then on I ve always tried to

11、25the principle in mylife and later in running my company.Dad s also always been very 26 . At 15, I started a magazine. It was taking up a great deal ofmy time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a27 : stay in school or leave to work on mymagazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me f

12、rom my decision, as any good father would.When he realized I had made up my mind, hesaid, “ Richard, when I was 23, my dadpersuaded me togo into law. And I28veregretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, butI didn t pursuemy dream. Youknow what you want. Go fulfill(实现) it. ”As it turned out, my little

13、publication went on to become Student, a national29 for youngpeople in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and I d like to think we are bringing them up inthe same way Dad _ 30me.21. A. biologistB. managerC. lawyerD. gardener22. A. strictB. honestC. specialD. learned23. A. praiseB. courageC. p

14、owerD. warmth24.A. unnecessaryB. unkindC. unimportantD. unusual25.A. reviseB. setC. reviewD. follow26.A. understandingB. experiencedC. seriousD. demanding27.A. suggestionB. decisionC. noticeD. choice28.A. alwaysB. neverC. seldomD. almost29.A. newspaperB. magazineC. programD. project30. A. controlled

15、B. comfortedC. remindedD. raised完形填空备考要求：要重视积累考试说明里的约3500 词汇；要认真对待以下各项与完形填空有关的基础训练、综合训练以及课后相关训练试题；要掌握并学会运用各项答题技能，提高答题速度和准确率。完形填空综合训练试题:Several factors make a good newspaper story. First obviouslyit must be new. But since TV can react toevents so quickly, this is often a problem for21. They usually r

16、espond to it in one of three ways.By providing22detail, comment or background information.By finding a new23on the day's major stories.By printing completely different stories which TV doesn't broadcast.What else? Well it also has to be24 . People don't want to read about ordinary, every

17、day life. Because ofthis, many stories25some kind of conflict or danger. This is one reason why so much news seems to be26news.“ Plane lands safely no one hurt” doesn't sell newspapers27. - 200 dead!“Plane” does.Next, there's human interest. People are interested in other28particularlyin the

18、 rich, famous andpowerful. Stories about the private lives of pop singers ，actors，models，politicians,29 , all appear regularlyin certain newspapers.Finally,for many editors,30is an importantfactor, too. Theyprefer storiesabout people, place andevents which their readers know. That's why the stor

19、ies in Tokyo's newspapers are of ten very different from thestories printed in Paris, Cairo, New York or Buenos Aires.21.A.newspapersB. publicationsC. reportersD. broadcasters22.A.extraB. availableC. inaccessibleD. memorable23.A.directionB. lookC. angleD. section24.A.tragicB. dramaticC. professi

20、onalD. sensitive25.A.quoteB. neglectC. increaseD. involve26.A.goodB. badC. excitingD. informative27.A.crashesB. bumpsC. strikesD. drops28.A.placesB. peopleC. thingsD. news29.A.in additionB. in any caseC. for exampleD. After all30.A.personalityB. similarityC. uniquenessD. familiarity基础训练专题词类考点指导与训练(

21、提示 : 首先根据各个小题提供的4 个选项判断要填入单词的词性.)A 名词选项如果都是名词，即要你选择填入名词，我们可以从下面的角度考虑：A. 名词的基本意义与搭配 (如:名词与动词、介词的搭配关系等 );B. 在特定情景、语境中名词的意义 (特殊含义 );C. 上下文内容一致关系 : 如与短文前后叙述的话题、主题、中心内容相关 ; (通常在上文或下文的不远处即可找到该名词 );D. 与生活常识有关的常识性问题 ;E. 同近义名词的区分 : 如名词的可数与不可数 ; 名词的一些习惯用法等。完形填空综合训练试题:Do some FL (Foreign Language) reading ever

22、y day and try to finish one FL book at least every week. Youare no doubt 21withlittlesparetime,and this may sound unrealistic.Butif you read in the22described, it is perfectly possible. The key is to be honest with yourself about23you really enjoy: thrillers,women's magazines, newspapers-it real

23、ly doesn't matter what you read as24as it genuinely interests you,because that is the only certain way to make yourself read. It is25to reach good speeds by practising onmaterialthat is difficult ordull.If youpursue this programforonly few months,you should achieve a verymarked increase in your

24、reading26. What you do with your FL reading skill when you have developed itis to study for a further qualification. The27is that in order to develop the28 , a great deal of practiceon easy interestingmaterials is essential. Ifyoucan29this to yourself by developing your own readingskill by this meth

25、od, your teaching will carry the certainty that comes only from30 .21.A. boredB. helplessC. freeD. busy22.A. keyB. problemC. wayD. job23.A. whichB. whenC. whoD. what24.A. muchB. goodC. longD. well25.A. impossibleB. possibleC. necessaryD. easy26.A. efficiencyB. effectsC. methodD. capacity27.A. questi

26、onB. pointC. ideaD. problem28.A. habitB. ideaC. skillD. task29.A. realizeB. tellC. improveD. prove30.A. workB. experienceC. theoryD. doingB 形容词选项如果都是形容词，即要你选择填入形容词，我们可以从下面的角度考虑：A. 形容词的基本意义与搭配 (如:形容词与介词的搭配关系等 );B. 在特定情景、语境中形容词的意义 (特殊含义 );通常来说：要选择的形容词与短文所描述的情景或叙述的人、物、事件的性质、特征等有关；C. 上下文内容一致关系 : 如与短文前后叙

27、述的话题、主题、中心内容相关 ;D. 与生活常识有关的常识性问题 ;E. 同近义形容词的区分等等。完形填空综合训练试题: (形容词专项训练 )One day a police officer managed to get some fresh mushrooms (蘑菇 ). He was so21that he cookedthem and offered to share with his fellow officers.“ Let the dog try a piece first, ”suggested one22 officerwho was afraid that the mush

28、rooms might be23 . The dog seemed to enjoy his mushroom, and the officersthen began to eat their meal, saying that themushrooms had a verystrange but quite24taste. An hourlater, however, they were all25when the gardener rushed in and said26that the dogwas dead.Immediately, the officers jumped into t

29、heir cars and rushed to the27 hospital. Pumps( 洗胃器 ) were usedand the officers had a very28time getting rid of the mushrooms that remained in their stomachs. Whenthey returned, they called the gardener to tell how the dog died.“ Did it suffer much before death?asked” one ofthe officers, feeling very

30、 pleased that he had escaped a29death himself. “ No,”the gardener looked rather30. “ It was killed the moment a car hit it.”21.A.sureB. carelessC. pleasedD. disappointed22.A.frightenedB. shyC. cheerfulD. careful23.A.dangerousB. poisonousC. harmfulD. smelly24.A.specialB. deliciousC. pleasantD. bitter

31、25.A.gladB. curiousC. satisfiedD. astonished26.A.cruellyB. curiouslyC. seriouslyD. finally27.A.animalB. biggestC. bestD. nearest28.A.hardC. excitingD. unforgettable29.A.strangeB. painfulC. peacefulD. natural30.A.happyC. surprisedD. excitedC 副词选项如果都是副词，即要你选择填入副词，我们可以从下面的角度考虑：A. 副词的基本意义与特殊含义(注意副词与介词的区

32、别);B. 与副词有关的短语意义、 “动词 +副词 ”构成的动词短语意义与用法 ;C. 在特定情景、语境中 , 副词与其所修饰的动词、 形容词、副词之间的关系；D. 上下文词与词之间、句子与句子之间的逻辑关系(衔接副词 );E. 同近义副词的区分 (如:修饰原级、比较级、最高级的副词 ) 等等。完形填空综合训练试题: (形容词与副词专项训练)Manypeople thinkteachers give pupilstoo much homework.They say that itis _21_forchildren to work at home in their free time. _ 2

33、2 _ they argue that most teachers do not _23 _ planthe homework tasks they give to pupils. The results are that pupils have torepeat tasks which theyhave _ 24_ done at school.Recently in Greece many parents complained about the_25_ homework which teachers gaveto their children. The parents said that

34、 most of the homework was _26_, and they wanted to stop it.Spain and Turkey are two countries which stopped homework recently. In Denmark,Germany andseveral other countries in Europe, teachers cannot sethomework atweekends. In Holland, teachersallow pupils to stay at school to do their homework. The

35、 children are free to help one another._27_arrangement also exists in some British schools.Most people agree that homework is not_28 _ . A pupil who can do his homework in a quietand _29_room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisyroom with the television on

36、. Some parents are ready to help their children with their homework. Butother parents _30_t ake no interest at all in their children s homework.21A. unnecessaryB. uninterestingC. unfortunateD. unimportant22A. NeverthelessB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Moreover23A. considerablyB. favorablyC. properlyD. ple

37、asantly24A. justB. alreadyC. yetD. still25A. simpleB. advancedC. easyD. difficult26A. impossibleB. invaluableC. carelessD . useless27A. FamiliarB. AppropriateC. SimilarD. Abnormal28A. fairB. averageC. balancedD. comparative29A. furnishedB. expensiveC. comfortableD. suitable30A. evenB. everC. hardlyD

38、. almostD 动词选项如果都是动词，即要你选择填入动词，我们可以从下面的角度考虑：A.动词的基本意义、引申意义 （一词多义，特别是一些常用动词的意义）；（提示注意：该动词表示的是动作、状态还是结果；根据短文或上下句提供的情景判断该动词的发出者是谁，如 : 该动词所在的句子的主语能否做出这一动作） ;B. 动词的搭配 (如: 动词与介词的搭配关系；后接的特殊名词宾语是什么 <如:后接人做宾语的动词 : dress/ seat/>、后跟的动词的形式是to do / doing 还是 do / 等)；C. 动词的种类及其用法。 如：该动词是 vt 还是 vi ；是持续性动词还是瞬间

39、动词；是否是系动词（特殊用法：后可接 adj 作表语）、助动词（构成否定、疑问、 do 用来强调谓语动词等语法形式）等 ；D. 动词短语的意义与用法；E. 该动词与上下句子说到的内容与形式的呼应关系等与生活常识有关的常识性问题;F. 同近义动词的区分等。完形填空综合训练试题: （动词专项训练）Several years ago, a well-known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him t

40、o even _21_ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 500 chance of survival.Despite the diagnosis (诊断 ), Cousins was _22_ to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in medicine and h

41、ad read a book, which _23_ the idea of how body chemistry and health can be _24_ by emotional stress and negative attitudes. The book made Cousins _25_ the possible benefit of positi ve attitudes and emotions. He thought, “ Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and thewill to

42、1ive have positive treatment value?”He decided to _26_ positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In additionto his traditionalmedical treatment, he tried to put himselfin situations that would _27_ positiveemotions.“ Laughtherapy ”became part of his treatment. He _28_

43、time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out positive emotions. Within eight days of startinghis laughtherapy ”program his pain began to _29_ and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able toreturn to work in a few monthsactuallyt

44、imeand_30_ complete recovery after a few years.21.A. runB. passC. moveD. travel22.A. devotedB. determinedC. plannedD. forced23.A. discussedB. explainedC. presentedD. demonstrated24.A. killedB. ruinedC. damagedD. influenced25.A. remind ofB. learn fromC. refer toD. think about26.A. concentrate onB. pi

45、ck upC. absorb inD. care about27.A. make upB. set aboutC. put upD. bring about28.A. arrangedB. appointedC. offeredD. afforded29.A. escapeB. decreaseC. recoverD. end30.A. receivedB. soughtC. reachedD. recognizedE 上下文衔接第一步 :第二步 :理解短文内容，通过语境弄清楚空格/横线前后 2-3 句的含义 ;分析句子结构 , 结合常识判断空格 / 横线前后的词与词之间、短语与短语之间、句子

46、与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系（并列、选择、转折、递进、让步、因果、解释、假设、条件、时间先后顺序等等）。(要求：重新温习 “衔接词 ”复习资料 )。完形填空综合训练试题:（上下文衔接专项训练: 根据 2007 年上海春季高考试题改编 .）How can we explain the popularity of neckties? For years, fashion historians have predicted that men wouldstop wearing ties _21_ they seemed to have little or no function. _22, t

47、here is no sign that ties will go out ofthe clothing market. _23_ world and business leaders continue to wear ties, the young businessmen will followthem and ties willremain popular.24, neckties do have a differentkind of appeal. Neckties cover thebuttons of the shirt and emphasize the length of a m

48、an_25_,theysboaddy. color and adornment (装饰 ) tomen s clothing, which is often plain and serious.Today, there are tens of thousands of designs of ties available._26, there are ties that tell you about amanshobbies: pictures of tennis rackets, motorcycles, airplanes, fishing rods, or musical instrume

49、nts, to name afew. There are _ 27 _ ties for different occupations _28 accountants, firefighters, and police officers. And funny ties are becoming ever more popular. You can get ties covered with colorful frogs and bottles of beer. _ 29_ you enjoy rock music, you can even find a tie in the shape of

50、a guitar!_30 , f unny or formal, wide or narrow, itcertain that ties are going to be around for a long time.21.A. unlessB. whenC. sinceD. because22.A. OtherwiseB. ThereforeC. InsteadD. However23.A. As far asB. As soon asC. As long asD. As well as24.A. After allB. As a resultC. In factD. What s more25.A. BesidesB. AltogetherC. In other wordD. On the contrary26.A. As usualB. For examp