2022年2022年高中化学常用化学公式

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载高中化学常用化学公式（commonchemicalformulasinhighschoolchemistry）common chemical formulae in high school chemistry.txt common chemical formulae in high school chemistry1、 oxidation:f2 + h2 = 2hff2 +xe excess =xef2 2f2 excess +xe=xef4nf2 +2m=2mfn representing most metals 2f2 +2h2o=4hf+o22f2 +2

2、naoh=2naf+of2 +h2o f2 +2nacl=2naf+cl2f2 +2nabr=2naf+br2 f2+2nai =2naf+i2f2、 +cl2 equal volume =2clf 3f2 excess +cl2=2clf3精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载7f2 excess +i2 =2if7 cl2 +h2 =2hcl3cl2 +2p=2pcl3 cl2 +pcl3 =pcl5 cl2 +2na=2nacl 3cl2 +2fe=2fecl3cl2 +2fecl2 =2fecl3 cl2+cu=cucl2 2cl2+2nabr=2nacl+br2 cl2 +2

3、nai =2nacl+i25cl2+i2+6h2o=2hio3+10hcl cl2 +na2s=2nacl+scl2 +h2s=2hcl+scl2+so2 +2h2o=h2so4 +2hcl cl2 +h2o2 =2hcl+o22o2 +3fe=fe3o4精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载o2+k=ko2 s+h2=h2s 2s+c=cs2 s+fe=fes s+2cu=cu2s 3s+2al=al2s3 s+zn=zns n2+3h2=2nh3 n2+3mg=mg3n2 n2+3ca=ca3n2 n2+3ba=ba3n2 n2+6na=2na3n n2+6k=2k3n n2+6r

4、b=2rb3n p2+6h2=4ph3精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载p+3na=na3p 2p+3zn=zn3p22. reducibility s+o2=so2 s+o2=so2s+6hno3 thick =h2so4+6no2+2h2o 3s+4 hno3 dilute =3so2+4no+2h2o n2+o2=2no4p+5o2=p4o10 often written as p2o5 2p+3x2=2px3 x stands for f2、 cl2、 br2 px3+x2=px5p4+20hno3 thick =4h3po4+20no2+4h2o c+2f2=cf4c+2

5、cl2=ccl42c+o2 a small amount =2co c+o2 adequate =co2精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载c+co2=2coc+h2o=co+h2 generating water gas 2c+sio2=si+2co made from crude siliconsi coarse +2cl=sicl4 sicl4+2h2=si pure +4hclsi powder +o2=sio2 si+c=sic emery si+2naoh+h2o=na2sio3+2h23、 base disproportionation cl2+h2o=hcl+hclo

6、acid inhibition、 disproportionation、 addition of alkali or illumination to promote disproportionationcl2+2naoh=nacl+naclo+h2o2cl2+2ca oh 2=cacl2+ca clo 2+2h2o3cl2+6koh hot、 thick =5kcl+kclo3+3h2o3s+6naoh=2na2s+na2so3+3h2o精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载4p+3koh thick +3h2o=ph3+3kh2po211p+15cuso4+24h2o=5cu3p+6

7、h3po4+15h2so43c+cao=cac2+co3c+sio2=sic+2cotwo、 the reduction of metallic elements na、 mg、 al、 fe 2na+h2=2nah4na+o2=2na2o2na2o+o2=2na2o22na+o2=na2o22na+s=na2s explosion 2na+2h2o=2naoh+h22na+2nh3=2nanh2+h24na+ticl4 molten =4nacl+ti镁+ cl2 = = = mgcl2镁+ br2 = = = mgbr2精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2mg 加 o2 = =

8、 = 2mgo镁+ = = =毫克镁+ 2h2o = = = mg （ oh） 2 + h22mg加 ticl4 （熔融） = = = 钛+ 2mgcl2镁+ 2rbcl = = = mgcl2 + 2rb2mg 加 co2 = = = 2mgo + c2mg 加 sio2 = = = 2mgo + si镁+ h2s = = = 毫克+ h2镁+硫酸= = = 硫酸镁 + h2除 2a1 + 3cl2 = = =特点4al + 3o2 = = = 2al2o3（钝化）4al （hg）+ 3o2 + 2xh2o = = = 2（ al2o3 部分） + 4hg4al + 3mno2 = = =

9、2al2o3 + 300万除 2a1 + cr2o3 = = = al2o3 + 2cr除 2a1 + fe2o3 = = = al2o3 + 2fe除 2a1 + 3feo = = = al2o3 + 3fe精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载除 2a1 + 6hcl = = =特点 + 3h2除 2a1 + 3h2so4 = = = al2（ so4）3 + 3h2除 2a1 + 6h2so4 （浓） = = = al2（so4）3 + 3so2 + 6h2o（ al , fe 在冷,浓的 h2so.4hno3中钝化）铝+ 4hno （稀） = = = al（ no3）3 + 不

10、+ 2h2o除 2a1 + 2naoh + 2h2o = = = 2naalo2 + 3h2 2fe + 3br2 = = = 2febr3铁+ i2 = = = 2铁离子3fe + h2o （ g）= = = fe3o4 + 4h2铁+ 2hcl = = = fecl2 + h2铁+ cucl2 = = = fecl2 +铜铁+ = = = sncl4氯化亚铁 +氯化亚锡（铁在酸性环境下,不能把四氯化锡完全仍原为单质锡 fe + 氯化亚锡 = = fecl2 + sn）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载三,非金属氢化物（ hf.hcl.h2o.h2s.nh3）1.仍原性：4hcl

11、 （浓） + mno2 = = = mncl2 + cl2 + 2h2o4hcl （ g）+ o2 = = = 2 + 2h2o16hcl + 2kmno4 = = = 2kcl + 2mncl2 + 5cl2 + h2o 14hcl +重铬酸钾 = = = 2kcl + 2crcl3 + 3cl2 + 7h2o 2h2o + 2f2 = = = 4hf + o22h2s + 3o2 （足量） = = = 2so2 + 2h2o2h2s + o2 （少量） = = = s + 2h2o2h2s + so2 = = = 3s + 2h2oh2s + h2so4（浓） = = = s + so2

12、+ 2h2o3h2s + 2hno （稀） = = = 3s + 2no + h2o5h2s + 2kmno4 + 3h2so4 = = = 2mnso4 +硫酸钾 + 5s + h2o3h2s + + = = = 4h2so4 k2cr2o7 cr2（ so4） 3 + 硫酸钾 + 3s + 7h2o4na2o2 + h2s + 2h2o = = = na2so4 + 6naoh2nh3 + 3cuo = = = 3cu + n2 + 3h2o精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2nh3 + 3cl2 = = = n2 + 6hcl 8nh3 + 3cl2 = = = n2 + 6

13、nh4cl4nh + 3o2（纯氧） = = = 2n2 + 6h2o4nh + 5o2 = = = 4no + 6h2o+ = = = 6no 4nh 5n2 + 6ho（用氨清除没有）水蒸气4nah + = = =钛 ticl4 + 2h2 + 4nacl cah2 + 2h2o = = = ca （oh）2 + 2h22.酸性：4hf + sio2 = = = sif4 + 2h2o（此反应广泛应用于测定矿样或钢样中sio2 的含量） 2hf + = = = 2hcl caf2 +氯化钙硫化氢 +铁h2s + cucl2 = = =由于+ 2hcl h2s + 2agno3 = = =

14、ag2s + 2hno3精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载h2s + = = = hgs + 2hcl氯化汞h2s + pb（ no3） 2 = = = + 2hno3 pbsh2s +氯化亚铁 = = =2nh3 + 2na = = 2nanh2 + h2（ nanh2 + h2o = = =氢氧化钠 + nh3）3.碱性：nh3 + hcl = = =氯化铵nh3 +硝酸= = = 硝酸铵2nh3 + h2so4 = = = （ nh4）2so4nh3 + nacl + h2o + co2 = = =碳酸氢钠 +氯化铵（此反应用于工业制备小苏打,苏打）4.不稳固性：2hf =

15、= = h2 + f22hcl = = = h2 + cl22h2o、 2h2 +、 o2 = = = = = = = = = = =2h2o2、 2h2o +、 o2 = = = = = = = = = = =精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载= = = = = h2 + h2s= = = = = n2 + 3h2 2nh3four、 non-metallic oxides reducibility of low-priced states: 2so2 + o2 = = = = = 2so32so2 + o2 + 2h2o = = = = = 2h2so4this is the

16、slow environmental chemical reaction of so2 occurring in the atmosphere.so2、 cl2、 2h2o = = = = + + + 2hcl、 h2so4 so2、 br2、 2h2o = = = = + + + 2hbr、 h2so4 so2、 i2、 2h2o = = = = + + + 2hi、 h2so4= = = = = so3、 so2 + + no no2 2no + o2 = = = = = 2no2no2 + no + 2naoh、 2nano2 = = = = = = = = = =usedintheni

17、tricacidindustrytoabsorb no and no2inexhaust gases精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2co + o2 = = = = = 2co2= = = = = cuo + chicken + carbon dioxide= = = = = 2fe、 3co + fe2o3 + 3co2contraction + carbon dioxide + h2、 h2o = = = = = = = = = oxidation:= = = = = 3s、 so2 + 2h2s + 2h2o= = = = = k2so3、 so3 + 2ki + i22k

18、i、 no2 + +、 h2o = = = = no + + 2koh、 i2no bromine vapor and no2 can be identified with starch ki solution= = = = = 4no、 4no2、 h2s + + h2o + so3= = = = = 4cuo 2no2 + chicken + n2= = = = = 2mgo、 2mg + co2 + cthree co2 cannot be used to extinguish burning fires such as mg、 ca、 k、 etc.= = = = = 2h2 = si

19、o2 + si + 2h2o= = = = = 2mgo、 sio2 + 2mg + si精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3、 with the role of water:so2 + h2o = = = = = h2so3 so3 + h2o = = = = = h2so43no2 + h2o = = = = = 2hno3 + no n2o5 + h2o = = = = = 2hno3 p2o5 + h2o = = = = = 2hpo3= = = = = 2h3po4 + 3h2o p2o5p2o5 ishighlyabsorbentand can be used as a

20、 gas dryingagent p2o5 + 3h2so4 thick = = = = 2h3po4 + 3so3carbon dioxide + h2o = = = = = h2co3 4、 with the role of alkaline substances: 2nh3、 so2 + +、 h2o = = = = nh4 2so3so2、 2so3 +、 h2o + nh4 = = = = = 2nh4hso3this is the reaction of the sulphuric acid plant to the recovery of so2. first absorb so

21、2 with ammonia water、and thenh2so4processing:2nh4hso3、h2so4= = = = + + 2so2、精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2h2o、 2so4、 nh4the resulting ammonium sulfate is used as fertilizer and the so2 is recycled as feedstock gasso2 + ca oh 2 = = = = caso3 + h2odonotdistinguishbetween clearlimeand water、so2and co2. can b

22、e identified with fuchsin.= = = = = mgso4 + mgo so3so3 + ca oh 2 = = = = caso4 + h2ocarbon dioxide + 2naoh excess = = = = na2co3 + h2o carbon dioxide excess = = = = = naoh = nahco3carbon dioxide + ca oh 2 excess caco3 + h2o = = = = = = 2co2 excess + ca oh 2 = = = = hco3 2 cases2naalo2 + carbon dioxi

23、de + 3h2o = = = = 3 + na2co3 2al oh c6h5ona + carbon dioxide + h2o = = = = = c6h5oh + nahco3= = = = = casio3、 sio2 + highsio2 + 2naoh na2sio3 + h2o = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =alkaline solution slowly corrosive glass at normal精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载temperature= = = = = na2sio3、 sio2 + na2co3 +=

24、 = = = = casio3、 sio2 + caco3 +five、 metal oxide1、 the low cost of reduction: 6feo + o2 = = = = = 2fe3o4= = = = = 4hno3 + fe no3 + 3 + no2 2h2o = feo2、 oxidation:= = = = = 2na2o + 2na na2o2this reaction is used to prepare na2omgo、 al2o3、 is hardly oxidizing and can hardly be reduced to mg、 al.mg and

25、 al are usually made by electrolysis.= = = = = 2fe、 fe2o3 + + 3h2o reduced iron powder 3h2= = = = = 3fe、 fe3o4 + 4h2 + 4h2o3、 with the role of water:精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载na2o + h2o = = = = = 2naoh= = = = = 4naoh、 2na2o2 + 2h2o + o2this reaction is divided into two steps: na2o2 = = + + 2h2o、 2naoh、

26、 h2o2;= = = = = 2h2o2 + o2 2h2o.the preparation of h2o2 uses a similar reaction: bao2+h2so4 dilute =baso4+h2o2mgo+h2o=mg oh 2 slow response 4、 with the role of acidic substances: na2o+so3=na2so4 na2o+co2=na2co3 na2o+2hcl=2nacl+h2o 2na2o2+2co2=2na2co3+o2na2o2+h2so4 cold、 thin =na2so4+h2o2 mgo+so3=mgs

27、o4 mgo+h2so4=mgso4+h2o精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载al2o3+3h2so4=al2 so4 3+3h2oal2o3 is an amphoteric oxide: al2o3+2naoh=2naalo2+h2o feo+2hcl=fecl2+3h2o fe2o3+6hcl=2fecl3+3h2o fe2o3+3h2s g =fe2s3+3h2o fe3o4+8hcl=fecl2+2fecl3+4h2osix、 oxygen acid 1、 oxidation:4hclo3+3h2s=3h2so4+4hcl hclo3+hi=hio3+hcl 3hclo+

28、hi=hio3+3hcl hclo+h2so3=h2so4+hcl hclo+h2o2=hcl+h2o+o2oxidation: hclo>hclo2>hclo3>hclo4、 but the strong、 hot hclo4 is very oxidizing精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2h2so4 thick +c=co2+2so2+2h2o2h2so4 thick +s=3so2+2h2oh2so4+fe al passivation at room temperature6h2so4 concentrated +2fe=fe2 so4 3+3so2

29、+6h2o 2h2so4 thick +cu=cuso4+so2+2h2oh2so4 thick +2hbr=so2+br2+2h2o h2so4 thick +2hi=so2+i2+2h2o h2so4 dilute +fe=feso4+h2 2h2so3+2h2s=3s+2h2o4hno3 thick +c=co2+4no2+2h2o6hno3 thick +s=h2so4+6no2+2h2o5hno3 thick +p=h3po4+5no2+h2o6hno3+fe=fe no3 3+3no2+3h2o4hno3+fe=fe no3 3+no+2h2o30hno3+8fe=8fe no3

30、3+3n2o+15h2o精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载36hno3+10fe=10fe no3 3+3n2+18h2o30hno3+8fe=8fe no3 3+3nh4no3+9h2o2、 reducibility: h2so3+x2+h2o=h2so4+2hxx stands for cl2、 br2、 i2 2h2so3+o2=2h2so4 h2so3+h2o2=h2so4+h2o5h2so3+2kmno4=2mnso4+k2so4+2h2so4+3h2o h2so3+2fecl3+h2o=h2so4+2fecl2+2hcl3、 acidic:h2so4 thick +ca

31、f2=caso4+2hf h2so4 thick +nacl=nahso4+hcl h2so4 thick +2nacl=na2so4+2hcl h2so4 thick +nano3=nahso4+hno33h2so4 concentrated +ca3 po4 2=3caso4+2h3po4 2h2so4 concentrated、 +ca3 po4、 2=2caso4+ca h2po4 2精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3hno3+ag3po4=h3po4+3agno32hno3+caco3=ca no3 2+h2o+co2h2s、hi、hbr、h2so4so2 could

32、not bepreparedwithhno3and concentrated pequivalent reducing gas4h3po4+ca3 po4 2=3ca h2po4 2 tsp h3po4 thick +nabr=nah2po4+hbr h3po4 thick +nai=nah2po4+hi4、 instability: 2hclo=2hcl+o24hno3=4no2+o2+2h2o h2so3=h2o+so2 h2co3=h2o+co2 h4sio4=h2sio3+h2oseven、 alkalireducibility of low-priced states:精品学习资料精

33、选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载4fe oh 2+o2+2h2o=4fe oh 3the action of acids:2naoh+so2 a small amount =na2so3+h2o naoh+so2 adequate =nahso3 2naoh+sio2=nasio3+h2o2naoh+al2o3=2naalo2+h2o2naoh+cl2=nacl+naclo+h2o naoh+hcl=nacl+h2onaoh+h2s adequate =nahs+h2o 2naoh+h2s a small amount =na2s+2h2o 3naoh+alcl3=al oh 3+3nacln

34、aoh+al oh 3=naalo2+2h2oalcl3 and al oh 3、 which acid is stronger. naoh+nh4cl=nacl+nh3+h2omg oh 2+2nh4cl=mgcl2+2nh3.h2o精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载al oh 3+nh4cl does not dissolve 3、 instability:mg oh 2=mgo+h2o 2al oh 3=al2o3+3h2o2fe oh 3=fe2o3+3h2o cu oh 2=cuo+h2oeight、 salt 1、 oxidation:2fecl3+fe=3fecl22

35、fecl3+cu=2fecl2+cucl2used in engraving copper circuit plates 2fecl3+zn=2fecl2+zncl2 fecl3+ag=fecl2+agcfe2 so4 3+2ag=feso4+ag2so4 harder to react fe no3 3+ag does not respond 2fecl3+h2s=2fecl2+2hcl+s精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2fecl3+2ki=2fecl2+2kcl+i2fecl2+mg=fe+mgcl2 2、 reducibility: 2fecl2+cl2=2fecl33n

36、a2s+8hno3 dilute =6nano3+2no+3s+4h2o3na2so3+2hno3 dilute =3na2so4+2no+h2o2na2so3+o2=2na2so43、 with the role of alkaline substances: mgcl2+2nh3.h2o=mg oh 2+nh4cl alcl3+3nh3.h2o=al oh 3+3nh4cl fecl3+3nh3.h2o=fe oh 3+3nh4cl4、 with the role of acidic substances: na3po4+hcl=na2hpo4+nacl na2hpo4+hcl=nah2p

37、o4+nacl nah2po4+hcl=h3po4+nacl精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载na2co3+hcl=nahco3+nacl nahco3+hcl=nacl+h2o+co2 3na2co3+2alcl3+3h2o=2al oh 3+3co2+6nacl3na2co3+2fecl3+3h2o=2fe oh 3+3co2+6nacl3nahco3+alcl3=al oh 3+3co23nahco3+fecl3=fe oh 3+3co23na2s+al2 so4 3+6h2o=2al oh 3+3h2s3naalo2+alcl3+6h2o=4al oh 35、 instab

38、ility: na2s2o3+h2so4=na2so4+s+so2+h2o nh4cl=nh3+hcl nh4hco3=nh3+h2o+co2 2kno3=2kno2+o22cu no3 3=2cuo+4no2+o22kmno4=k2mno4+mno2+o22kclo3=2kcl+3o2精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2nahco3=na2co3+h2o+co2 ca hco3 2=caco3+h2o+co2 caco3=cao+co2 mgco3=mgo+co2answer: teddybear0306 - magician five、 2-22 12:41 topic 1:

39、important chemical reactionspart 1 nonmetallic elements halogenthe hydrogen and chlorine as conditions in the light or light reaction:h2cl2 2hclthe copper in chlorine: cucl2 2cucl2 principle 3 chlorine bleaching and sterilizationcl2+h2o = hclo+hcl cl2+h2o = hclo+h+clthe industrialproductionofbleachi

40、ngpowder withlimemilk: 2ca oh 2+2c12 = cacl2+ca c1o 2+2h2o精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载ca oh 2+c12 = ca2+cl+c1o+h2othe principle of chlorine exhaust absorption naoh solution 2naoh+cl2 = nac1+naclo+h2o2oh+cl2 = c1+clo+h2othe starch iodide paper test chlorine cl22ki = 2kcl+i2 cl22i = 2cl+i2the laboratory of

41、 chlorine: mno2+4hcl mncl2+2h2o+cl2 =mno2+4h + +2cl - = mn2+2h2o+cl2the test of chlorine、 bromine and iodine ions ag+c1=agcl: white; ag+br=agbr case yellowag+i=agi: yellow three kinds of precipitation are not soluble in dilute nitric acidthe bleach bleach principle:ca clo 2+co2h2o = caco3: 2hclo ca2

42、2clo+co2h2o = caco3: 2hclo精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载as a film principle: 2agbr 2agbr2the proof of halogenelemental c12 - i2 and chemical properties of successive variation equation:h2+cl2 2hcl、 h2+br2 2hbr、 h2+i2 2hior: cl2+2br = 2cl+br2、 cl2+2i = 2cl+i2、 br2+2i = 2br+i2two、 oxygen family elementsthe e

43、lemental sulfur is oxidation and reduction h2s h2s、 fes fes、 so2 so2the write can show three different reaction equation of non-metallic chlorine sulfur than strong:the different conditions: h2s、 h2sthe fe and cu valence metal reaction、 valence state of metal elements of different products:2fe+3cl2

44、2fecl3; fes fesit can react: cl2+s2 = 2cl+s down;decomposition: 2h2o2 2h2o+o2 = 3 hydrogen peroxide the reaction of sulfur dioxide and oxygen:精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2so2+o2 2so3 industrial sulfuric acid、 catalyst five、 two vanadium、 v2o5the sulfur dioxide and water after mixing、 loss of bleaching: s

45、o2+o2+2h2o=2hcl+h2so4 so2+o2+2h2o=4h+2cl+so42the sulfur dioxide lime water are respectively inserted into a small enough anda small amount of ca oh 2+so2 = caso3 +h2o: ca2+2oh+so2 = caso3: +h2oenough: ca oh 2+2so2 = ca hso3 2 oh+so2 = hso3the formation of sulfur dioxide in the form of acid rain: h2o

46、+so2 = h2so3;2h2so3+o2 = 2h2so4 2h2so3+o2 = 4h+2so42.the 2so2+o2 2so3 catalyst is piaochen so3+h2o = h2so4 so3+h2o = 2h+so42the small value causes acid rain in the air ph: 2h2so3+o2 = 2h2so4 2h2so3+o2 = 4h+2so42as withequation、strong oxidizingacid concentratedsulfuric精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载acidacidi

47、ty: can use alkali、 alkaline oxide、 carbonate and so on oh+h = h2o; cuo2h = cu2+h2o; co322h = = h2oco2strong oxidizing: cu2h2so4 sulfuric acid cuso4so2 = +2h2o c2h2so4 sulfuric acid = +2h2o co2 = so2the inspection and sulfate ionba2+so42-: = baso4whiteprecipitate、insolubleinwaterand dilute nitric ac

48、idthe valueofthevariablecauses smallsodium sulfitesolution in air phso32+h2o oh+hso3; 2so32+o2 = so42 -na2so4 does not hydrolyze、 the solution gradually becomes neutralnow the water in the reaction is oxidant2na+2h2o = 2naoh+h2 2na+2h2o = = = 2na+2oh+h2the water reducing agent in the reaction isf2+2

49、h2o= 4hf+o2hydrofluoricacidisweak acidand can be used to engrave glass精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载the water in the oxidation-reduction reactions as oxidant and reducing agent2h2o = +o2 = 2h2 hydrogen industrythe water in the oxidation-reduction reactions not oxidizing and reducing agentscl22h2o = hclohcl

50、 cl2+h2o = hclo+h+clthree、 pnictogensthe principle of "thunderstorm primary crops"n2+o2 2no; 2no+o2 = 2no2; 3no2+h2o = 2hno3+nothe reaction equation is also the main process of nitric acid rain and photochemical smog caused by automobile exhaust.the principle of synthetic ammonia:n23h2 2nh

51、3 catalyst is a platinum rhodium alloy3 in ammonia solution was red phenolphthalein: nh3 + h2o nh3. h2o nh4 + + ohthe ammonia and hcl to produce white smoke: nh3 + hcl = nh4clthe thermal decomposition of ammonium hydrogen carbonate: nh4hco3 = nh3 + h2o + = = co2精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载the laboratory

52、for ammonia: 2nh4clca oh 2 cacl22nh3 hav'e 2h2obut a long set of concentrated nitric acid yellow: 4no2 = o2= 4hno3 + + 2h2ostrong oxidation of the concentrated and dilute nitric acid. cu4hno3 concentrated cu no3 22no2 hav'e 2h2o 3cu8hno3 dilute 3cu no3 22no hav'e 4h2ofour、 carbon family elementstwo methods: the carbon monoxide produced 2co2 2co; co2c 2co the limewaterpourintothesmalland plentyofcarbondioxide