必修三unit3主谓一致-推荐下载

1、主谓一致（一）概述：主语与谓语的一致：在英语表达中，谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。主要体现在动词，助动词 do,have 以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则：语法一致，就近一致 和意义一致 。名词或代词做主语有人称和单，复数之分，动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式，而动词的复数形式动词的原形。例句：1. i am seventeen, and he is sixteen.2. there is a desk in the room, but there are no chairs in it.3. john gets up at six oclock eve

2、ry morning.4. what is the latest news about the olympic games?5. the family are sitting at the breakfast table.（二）语法一致：1. 由 and 连接的两个名词或代词做主语：（1）表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。例句： my brother and i have both seen that film. both rice and wheat are grown in this part of china. the poet and the novelist wer

3、e both present at the meeting.（2）表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数形式。特征：两个名词共用一个定冠词或者形容词性物主代词。例句： the professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. war and peace is a constant theme in history.（战争和和平 one more knife and fork is needed.（刀叉 the stars and stripes is the national flag of u.s.a.（星条旗 law

4、 and order has been established.（法律和秩序 bread and butter is our daily food.（黄油面包 fish and chips is a popular fast food.（油煎鱼加土豆片（3）前面有 each, every, many a, no，one more 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句： each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt. no sound and no voice is heard. many a boy and girl has made th

5、e same mistake. every minute and every second is precious.2. 单个的动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： reading is a great pleasure in life. to live means to create. that we need more time is obvious. what is needed is food and medicine.3. 表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： three thousand miles

6、 is along distance. eight hours of sleep is enough.4. 不定代词anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, something, no ne, nothing, each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： is anybody going to tell him the news ? someone wants to see you.（三）就近原则由连词 or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 连接的两

7、个名词或代词做主语时，以及there be 句型，谓语动词和离它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。例句：1. either you or jean is to be sent to new zealand.2. not only his family but also he likes chaplins movies.3. neither tom nor the browns enjoy their journey to beijing owing to the bad weather.4. george or tom is wanted.5. there is a lamp, two pe

8、ns and three books on the desk.（就远原则）名词后面带有with, along with, together with, besides, except, but, like, including, as well as, rather than短语共同做主语时，谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一致。例句：1. all but one were here just now.2. a library with five thousand books is offered to that nation as a gift.3. an expert, togethe

9、r with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.4. you as well as i are wrong.（四）意义一致1. 代词 none, neither, all的不可数形式还是复数形式由它们指的内容决定例句：（1）all hope has gone.（2）all are agreed on this point.（3）is there any milk in the fridge? no, there is none.（4）none has returned from the meeting.2. 集合名词 group, c

10、lass, family, army, enemy, team等名词的单，复数形式根据它们强调的内容而定。例句：（1）the class were all cheerful.（2）the team were taking over some new plays.（3）the army is going to remain in this town. 3. 限定词短语 all of; none of ; a lot of, lots of 以及分数 / 百分数+of .the rest of, plenty of , 修饰名词构成的名词短语做主语时，谓语动词的形式由 of 后面的名词形式决定。例

11、句：（1）none of the suggestions are very helpful.（2）i don t think any of us wants to work tomorrow.（3）two-fifths of the students in the class are from arabic-speaking countries.4. a large amount of, large amounts of 后跟不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。而 a large quantity of, large quantities of 则单复数与 quantity的形式一致。难点突破1. 在

12、做主谓一致的题目时要牢记主谓一致的三个基本原则。一定要根据句子内容抓住关键的主语部分。同时还要考虑句子的时态和语态。2. one of+复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词与复数名词一致。 the only one of+复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。例句：jim was one of the boys who were late for class.jim was the only one of the boys who was late for class.4. a large amount of, large amounts of, 后面跟不

13、可数名词，谓语均为单数。而 quantities of 、a large quantity of 后面可数不可数名词，谓语看后面跟的名词形式。【典型例题】 例 1 e-mail, as well as telephones,_an important part in daily communication.a. is playing b. have played c. are playing d. play分析：带有 as well as 短语的名词做主语时，谓语动词与这个名词的人称和数一致，不受 as well as 短语内容的影响。 e-mail 是单数形式，故选择 a。 例 2 eith

14、er john or his friends _ to blame for the bad results.a. are b. is c. was d. has been分析： either or.连接两个名词做主语时，其谓语动词与离它最近的名词的数和人称一致，本题中his friends 决定了谓语动词的形式，故选择 a。 例 3 the conductor and composer_bya crowd of people.a. are greeted b. is greeted c. greets d. have been greeted分析：根据句意，主语部分的the conductor

15、 and composer 是指一个人即：乐队指挥兼作曲家，所以主语的内容是单数形式，故选择 b。 例 4 the trousers _you well, madam.but thecolour_me.a. fit; dont suit b. fits; doesn t suit c. fits; dontsuit d. fit;doesn tsuit分析： trousers, clothes, glasses,等名词本身就是复数形式。谓语动词用复数形式。 colour 是单数，谓语用单数，故选择 d。 例 5 the smiths family, which _ rather a large

16、 one, _ very fond of their old house.a. were; were b. was; were c. were; was d. was; was分析： family 指“家庭”为单数，指 “家庭成员 ”为复数形式。第一空格前的which 指“家庭” 谓语用was. 第二空格后的fond of 指“家庭成员喜欢他们的老房子 ” 谓语为 were ，故选择 b。 例 6 he is theonly one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years.a. is b. are c. have

17、 been d. hasbeen分析：当定语从句先行词是“oneof +复数形式 ”时，其后的从句谓语动词用复数形式。而当 one 之前有 the only时， 定语从句则强调 the only one，谓语动词用单数。另外，题目中的时间状语for three years 表明从句的时态为现在完成时，故选择d 。 例 7 three fifths of the police_in the school near the town.a. has trained b. have trained c. has been trained d. have been trained分析：分数 +名词做主语

18、时，谓语动词的形式由分数所指的名词的形式（可数名词或不可数名词）决定，police 是集合名词为复数形式，根据句子意思，police 与 train 为被动关系，应用被动语态，故选择d 。短文改错片段：1. now my pictureandthe prize is hangingin the library.分析：本句中主语now my pictureandthe prize 是复数形式，谓语动词is 应改为 are.2. sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stra

19、nger atonce.分析：本句第一行，根据全篇内容的语境，应当是一般现在时，所以谓语动词talked改为 talk.第二行 ：根据句意：我们下课后立刻又成了陌生人。stranger 应当与主语we 一致，改为复数形式， strangers.3. but not all information are good to society.分析：主语 information是不可数名词， are 应改为 is【模拟试题】1. is there anybody in the classroom ?no, the teacher,together with thestudents _ to the p

20、layground.a. go b. went c. hasgone d. havegone2. are these your sheep ?no. mine _on grass at the foot of thehill.a. are feeding b. feed c. is fed d. is feeding3.sitting at theback of the room but in front of some old men and women _a verygirl with two bright eyes.a. was b. are c. were d. there was4. mr. bush,together with his wife and daughter_going to japan next week.a. are b. is c. will be