井眼轨迹测量计算

1、会计学1井眼轨迹测量计算井眼轨迹测量计算一口井钻完后需要了解井眼轨迹的形状，以及是否打中了预计的目标层。在实钻过程中也需要及时了解已钻井眼的轨迹形状，以便判断其发展趋势及时采取措施进行轨迹控制，这就需要进行井孔测量并根据测量数据进行轨迹计算，这种井孔测量在工程术语中称作测斜悬锤原理测量钻孔顶角示意图Inclination:Toolface:Magnetic NorthEarths Gravitational FieldVertical地磁场定向原理图钻孔方位角示意图两个同样的线圈反方向绕线。交变电流通过主线圈产生磁场使芯饱和。如无外磁场，则电压为零，因为线圈反方向。但是，若有外磁场存在，则一个

2、铁芯会比另一铁芯提前饱和，引起电压输出错相位，产生电压脉冲。因此设置在与外磁场一定角度的检测线圈会产生一个与通过磁环磁流变化率大小相对应的电压。而这个电压的大小也与外磁场强度相对应。所以三轴磁通门可以测定地球磁场沿三个正交轴线的分量。GGZ22yxGGzyxGGGtg22井斜井斜:yxGGtgGTF 高边工具面角（GTF):GTFGyGx磁工具面角（MTF):yxHHtgMTF GHZ)()()(2212xxyyzyxzxyyxGHGHGGGHGHGHGVVtg方位方位:HyHxV1V2Mag. North222zyxGGGG驱动器电子测量/定向短节旋转阀脉冲器电池图图1 常见发射天线示意图常

3、见发射天线示意图（a）垂直磁场天线）垂直磁场天线（b）环形线圈耦合垂直电场天线）环形线圈耦合垂直电场天线（c）直接耦合垂直电场天线）直接耦合垂直电场天线图图3 天线延长式天线延长式EMMWD在深海钻进中的应用在深海钻进中的应用HSENABABAB12MI2 -I11I1A1 East NorthNorthI2 MD = R1 (I2-I1) (rad)2EastLength of arc of circle, L = RradA1R1LMD18018022IIMD 12121121I sinI sinIIMD180I sin RI sin RVertR1 VertI2 MD2111IcosRI

4、cosRHorizR1R1I1I2I2)IcosI(cosIIMD1802112211IcosIcosRHoriz HorizNA1A2L2 East2 NorthR21OA2A2-A1A1L2 = R2 (A2 - A1)RADEast = R2 cos A1 - R2 cos A2 = R2 (cos A1 - cos A2)1222AAL180Rso, DEG 1212121AAII2AcosAcosIcosIcosMDEast = R2 (cos A1 - cos A2)1222AAL180R)IcosI(cosIIMD1802112L22180East = 12121221AAIIA

5、sinAsinIcosIcosMDNorth = R2 (sin A2 - sin A1)1222AAL180R)IcosI(cosIIMD1802112L22180North = )()sin()sin()()()cos()cos()cos()cos()()()sin()sin()cos()cos(12121212212112121221IIIIMDVertAAIIAAIIMDEastAAIIAAIIMDNorth With all angles in radians! 1212AAAAsinsin 1221AAAAcoscos 1221IIIIcoscos 1221IIIIcoscos12

6、12IIIsinIsin1I1 MD 2I2I2I20Vertical Projection MD 221Icos2MDIcos2MDVert21Isin2MDIsin2MDHoriz 221121221121AIAI2MDA2HorizA1HorizEastAIAI2MDA2HorizA1HorizNorthsinsin,sinsinsin.sin.cossin,cossincos.cos. N EA1A2 Horiz.1 Horiz. 2Horizontal Projection1222112211IcosIcos2MDVertAsinIsinAsinIsin2MDEastAcosIsin

7、AcosIsin2MDNorthRFIcosIcos2MDVertRFAsinIsinAsinIsin2MDEastRFAcosIsinAcosIsin2MDNorth1222112211PrOrRDLQDL 22DLtanDL2RF )AA(cos1IsinIsin)I(Icos(DL) cos:follows as calculated is DL, angle, egoglD The122112DL = SPQR ArcSRPSRFDLr2DLtanr2DLtanr A curve representing a wellbore between Survey Stations A1 an

8、d A2. (A, I)DL)cos()sin()sin()cos()sin(22222IMDVertAIMDEastAIMDNorth 2cos2cos2sin2sin2sin212, 12, 121212, 12, 121212, 12, 1LHLNLE孔内测斜仪器的长度STLSTLSTLLHSTLSTLLNSTLSTLLE)cos()cos()cos(2)cos()sin()cos()sin()cos()sin(2)sin()sin()sin()sin()sin()sin(22122, 12, 12222112, 12, 12222112, 12, 1)cos()cos()sin()si

9、n()sin(22, 12, 1222, 12, 1222, 12, 1LHLNLE )()sin()sin()()()sin()sin()cos()cos()()()cos()cos()cos()cos(12122, 12, 1121212212, 12, 1121221212, 12, 1LHLNLE)cos()cos(2)cos()sin()cos()sin(2)sin()sin()sin()sin(2122 , 12 , 122112 , 12 , 122112 , 12 , 1LHLNLE修正系数RFRFRFRF)cos()cos(2LH)cos()sin()cos()sin(2LN)sin()sin()sin()sin(2LE211,21,222111,21,222111,21,2Inclination:Toolface:Magnetic NorthEarths Gravitational FieldVertical地磁场定向原理图钻孔方位角示意图图图1 常见发射天线示意图常见发