高分子的设计与合成PPT课件

1、高分子的设计与合成高分子的设计与合成洪春雁洪春雁 潘才元潘才元聚合物的结构 Architectures of polymers线形聚合物 Linear polymersABSPE, PP, PS, PVC etc.AS均聚物嵌段共聚物无规共聚物交替共聚物ABA(AB)nABCABCDLinear polymers非线形聚合物Nonlinear polymersGrafting PolymerComb Polymer梳形聚合物梳形聚合物接枝聚合物接枝聚合物H- shaped and -shaped copolymersABAA2BCombination of two A blocksABABAB

2、AAH-shaped copolymersCombination of two B blocks-shaped copolymersStar polymers星形杂臂聚合物星形杂臂聚合物 Miktoarm star polymers星形聚合物星形聚合物Y Mono-DispersedY Nano-SizedY Egg-Like Y High density of surface Functional groupsHyperbranched polymersUmbrella Copolymer超支化聚合物超支化聚合物伞形聚合物伞形聚合物Dumbbell-shaped copolymers哑铃形聚

3、合物哑铃形聚合物Cyclic PolymersCH2H2CCH2H2CP4VPPS环状聚合物Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization, ATRP 原子转移自由基聚合原子转移自由基聚合ATRP or Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization is a Polymerization reaction involving free radicals. It was introduced as an extension to ATRA or Atom Transfer Radical Addition by Jinshan Wang an

4、d Matyjaszewski, (1995) and Sawamoto (1994/5). Dr Krzysztof MatyjaszewskiJ.C. Warner Professor of Carnegie Mellon UniversityDepartment of Chemistry4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburgh, PA 15213 Dr. Mistuo Sawamoto Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Kyoto MaskStre

5、ptavidinScale bar = 25 mOOOOnOOOOnOOOOnOOOOnOOnOHOOnOH12OOnOOOOnOOn3OOOOnOOOOn4PAGPAGPAGPAGPAGhvOOOOnPAGMaskOOOOnPAGNNOOBiotinylated HydroxylamineSAOOnOOnNNOOOOOOnPAGPAGPAGPAGRAFT PolymerizationRAFT= Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer PolymerizationDr. Graeme MoadCSIRO Molecular and He

6、alth Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaHe joined CSIRO as a research scientist in 1979 and is currently a chief research scientist. Dr Moad is coauthor of the book The Chemistry of Free Radical Polymerization which appeared as a second edition in 2006. His research inter

7、ests lie in the fields of polymer design and synthesis (free radical polymerization, reactive extrusion), polymerization kinetics and mechanism, and most recently polymer nanocomposites.Dr. Ezio RizzardoCSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaEzio Ri

8、zzardo is a graduate of the University of New South Wales and received his Ph.D. from the University of Sydney for his studies on the photochemistry of nitro compounds. He joined CSIRO in 1976 after a postdoc at Rice University, RIMAC, and the Australian National University. His CSIRO research has f

9、ocused on developing methods for controlling free radical polymerization. For this he has received a number of awards including the RACI Australian Polymer Medal and the CSIRO Chairmans Gold Medal. Currently he is a CSIRO Fellow and a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science.San H. Thang was born

10、 in Saigon, Vietnam, in 1954 and came to Australia in 1979 as a refugee. He completed his B.Sc.(Hons) degree in 1983 and Ph.D. in 1987 from Griffith University. He joined CSIRO in 1986 as a research fellow. He then moved to ICI Australia in late 1987 to undertake the challenge of industrial research

11、. He returned to CSIRO in late 1990, and in 1995 he was co-inventor of the RAFT Process. He is currently a senior principal research scientist at CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies where his research focuses on the interface between organic and polymer chemistry.CSIRO Molecular and Health Techn

12、ologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, AustraliaDr.San H. ThangClick Chemistry 蝌蚪形聚合物的合成RSSSSSSOOOSSOOORAFTOOORAFTNIPAMN3-C2H4-OHSSOHOON3C2H4OStPStPNIPAAM;CH2CCclick reactionN3NNNCH2Thiol-Click Michael addition reaction(a)Arthur Michael (18551942), who discovered the Michael addition react

13、ion. (b) Schematic depiction of the Michael addition reaction.General carbon-Michael reaction mechanistic scheme.Second Michael addition of acetoacetate group to methyl acrylate.Michael Addition involving an alkyne acceptor.Higher reactivity of secondary amines in aza-Michael addition reactions.Dend

14、rimerAlanineAlaAnonpolarneutral1.8ArginineArgRpolarpositive-4.5AsparagineAsnNpolarneutral-3.5Aspartic acidAspDpolarnegative-3.5CysteineCysCnonpolarneutral2.5Glutamic acidGluEpolarnegative-3.5GlutamineGlnQpolarneutral-3.5GlycineGlyGnonpolarneutral-0.4HistidineHisHpolarpositive-3.2IsoleucineIleInonpol

15、arneutral4.5LeucineLeuLnonpolarneutral3.8LysineLysKpolarpositive-3.9MethionineMetMnonpolarneutral1.9PhenylalaninePheFnonpolarneutral2.8 ProlinePro Pnonpolarneutral-1.6SerineSerSpolarneutral-0.8ThreonineThrTpolarneutral-0.7TryptophanTrpW nonpolarneutral-0.9TyrosineTyrYpolarneutral-1.3ValineValVnonpol

16、arneutral4.2Side chain polarityAmino Acid Hydropathy indexSynthesis of L-valine and L-leucine type Ib dendrimers: (a) Boc-Gly-OH, DCC, DMAP-DCM; (b) TFA-DCM; (c) active ester, HOBt, DIEA, DMF-DCM; (d) Ac2O, DIEA-DCIs Dendrimer an Antenna? PhotonCis- and trans- transformation of azobenzeneIrradiation

17、 at 1600 cm-1 can make the transformation of cis- to trans-?G2 dendrimers containing Coumarin-2 as an energy donor and Coumarin-343 as an energy acceptor (left) and dendrimers without Coumarin-343 chromophore (right) for relative rate study.Organic Light Emitting Diodes Catalysishttp:/perceco2.chem.

18、/percec/inthenews/denx.htmlhttp:/ dendrimer (blue and red) attaches to multiple receptors (pink) on cell membranes or other biological structures such as a virus.The dendrimers (blue and red) in VivaGel interact with protein structures (yellow) on the surface of HIV, blocking the interactio

19、n of HIV (purple) with healthy human cells (pink) that results in HIV infection.Illustrations courtesy of Starpharma Pooled Development, LtdDendrimers Fighting the Spread of DiseasesOOOHSS基于树枝状大分子的智能型纳米容器设计合成OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOHOHOHOHOOOOHOHOHOHOOOOOOHOHHOHOOOOOHOOHOHOHOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHNIPAMRAFTOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOCOOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCOO