常用it作形式主语的句型结构

1、常用it作形式主语的句型结构 It + be +形容词+ that -从句可用于仕匕句型的 形容词有：wonderful, true , good, right, wrong , (un) important, useless, surprising , clear, unusual, lucky , certain, necessary等。如： It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting. It is surprising that he came late to school this morning. It is importan

2、t that we (should) study hard注意：该句型中的形容词是(un) important, necessary等时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It + be + -ed 分词 + that-从句适用该句型的 过去分词 主要有:said, reported, announced, hoped, thought, told , believed, expected, decided, suggested, known 等。如： It is hoped that one day they will have enough animals to set them f

3、ree It is well known that the earth goes around the sun. It is suggested that the sports meeting (should ) be put off until next week.注意：该句型的过去分词是suggested时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It + be + 名词 + that -从句适用该句型的 名词(词组)有:a pity, an honor, a good thing , a fact, a surprise, good news, one' s duty。 如： I

4、t is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. It + seem/ appear happen的适当形式+ that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的 简单句。如： It seems that there is a big waste pipe coming down from the town.r There seems to be a big waste pipe com

5、ing down from the town. He appeared to becalm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.r It appeared that he was calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear. It doesn't matter ( It ' s no wonder; It doesn ' t make much difference+ when/ where/ which/ whether 等从句。 如：

6、 Does it matter if he can't finish the job on time? They are all classmates. It is no wonderthey should help each other with their studies. It + be + adj./ n. (for sb. / of sb.) + to do sth.该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的女口 difficult , hard, easy, impossible , necessary, important 等，仕匕时用 for；或表示 人的性格特征或特

7、点的如nice, good , bad, kind , silly , foolish , wise, clever, careless,rude, brave, cruel, careful, grateful 等，这时要用 of。如： It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance. It is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign languageIt作形式主语常见句型动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放

8、到句首，常见句型有：1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句，如：It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny ' s birthday party or not.2. It + be + 名词词组+ 主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour , a question 等，如：It ' s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.It remains a question whether he will come or n

9、ot.3. It + be +过去分词+主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed,expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.4. It +不及物动词(seem,叩pear, happen 等)+ 主语从句，这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem 等，

10、如：It seemed that he didn ' t tel l the truth.It happened that I was out when he called.5. It + be + 形容词+ for sb. ) +动词不定式这类句型常用形容词 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise 冬作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb ,如：It ' s necessary for the young to master two foreign language.It is unwis

11、e to give the children whatever they want.这类形容词有： easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise6. It + be + 形容词+ of sb. +动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite,impolite, silly, selfish,considerate 等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：It ' s very kind of you to help me with

12、the work.=You are kind to help me.It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.7. It + be + 名词词组+动词不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.8. It + be +名词或形容词+动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, use

13、less, senseless 等， 如：It ' s a waste of time talking to her any more.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.9. It + take (sb. )+ 时间(金钱)+动词不定式，如：It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.he or sheA.

14、however1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child wants. (NMET 1997)B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever2. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001 上海)A. this B. that C. there D. it3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an internation

15、al language. (NMET1995)A. There B. This C. That D. It4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (MET88)A. everyoneB. thisC. herD. it5. will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.A. It B. I C. We D. They6. It is no use his there, the situation is hopeless now.A. to go B. t

16、o be going C. going D. having gone7. It is never too late to learn,?A. is itB. isn ' t it C. does itD. doesn ' t it8.is known to all thatA. As B. WhatC. It9.is reported in the newspaper, Jiangxi Province killed 13 peopleA. ItB. As C. ThatShenzhou VI Launched Successfully.D. Thatthe Earthquak

17、e in east China'sD. What10.certain that his invention will make people' s lifeconvenient.A. That ' s B. This isC. It ' s D. What' s11.evening.that there is another football match on the air thisA. It says B. It was saidC. It is said D. What was said12.that their daughter got an o

18、pportunity to study abroad.A. It ' s a exciting newsB. This is an exciting newsC. This is exiting newsD. It ' s exciting news1 5 BDDDA 6 10CACAC 1 12CD一、主语从句的概念与类型主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语，引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词 who,what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词 when, where, why, how 等.例如：Th

19、at she was chosen made us very happy.她当选了 使我们彳艮高兴What caused the accident is a complete mystery.是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否来还是一个问题 .Which team will win the match is still unknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.参加聚会的每一个人都将收到

20、一份礼物When they will start has not been decided yet.他们何时出发还没决定 .注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子结构平衡，避免”头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语，而把从句放在后面.例如：It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误 ，真是遗憾.It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型：1) It is + adj.

21、/ n. + 从句It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是It is possible that.很可能It is unlikely that.不可能2) It +不及物动词+从句It seems/appears that. 似乎It happened that. 碰巧3) It + be +过去分词+从句It is said that.据说It is known to all that.,众所周知It is reported that.据报道It is believed that.据信；人们相信It is suggested that. 有人建议 It must be po

22、inted out that.必须指出 It has been proved that. 已证明例如：It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. 据信，至少有二十座楼房遭 到破坏或彻底毁掉.It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议会议延期召开It's reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.

23、 据报道，事故中三人 丧生，五人重伤.It is known to all that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.众所周知，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分巩固练习1. Does matter if he can't finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it2. It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. which B. that C. if D. for3.is a fact that English is being ac

24、cepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It二、学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题1）引导词that与whatwhat既有引导主语从句的作用，同时又在从句中作句子成分（主语、宾语、表语等）.这时what相当于allthat/everything that.,常译成"所的（东西、事情、话等.）"而that只起连接作用，本身无实际意义，在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that引导的主语从句放在句首时，不能省略that.例如：What is done can't be undone.（ 谚

25、语）已成定局，无可挽回.What we can't get seems better than what we have. 我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好 That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important.我彳门应该带 U定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势，这一点非常重要.That a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true.一位新老师将来教我们地理，这是真的.巩固练习4. what they tol

26、d me really true?A. Has B. Is C. Does D. Have5. It matters little a man dies，but matters much is he lives.A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that6. she couldn't understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in herlessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What;

27、 because D. Why; that7. It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmospheretoday.A. that B. when C. what D. how8. fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which9. -What made her pare

28、nts so angry?-she had failed in the examination.A. As B. Because C. Since D. That2）引导词if和whetherif和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用，但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句（放在句首时）、表语从句常由whether弓I导.例如：Whether she will go home or not is unknown.她是否回家还不得而知 .Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定.=It re

29、mains to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.但我们不能说 If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.巩固练习10. we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where3）其它引导词连接代词who, which, whom, whose 有各自的意义，起连接作用，并在从句中充当语、宾语、表语、定 语等;连接副词when,where,

30、 why, how等有各自的意义，起连接作用，并在从句中充当状语.巩固练习11. -Do you remember he came?-Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if12. It was a matter of would take the position.A. who B. whose C. whom D. whomever13. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that you had a few days off?A. why B. when

31、C. what D. where14. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which三、语气在 It is necessary / natural / important / strange.+ that-clause这类句型里,that 所引导的主语从句中谓语动词用”should +原形",表虚似语气.例如：It is necessary that the problem should be settled at once.这个问题必须马上解

32、决It's strange that he should have gone away without telling us.他竟然没向我们说一声就走了，真是奇怪.巩固练习15. It is necessary that a college student at least a foreign language.A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master四、以it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句型的区别"It be + adj./n. + that-clause" 与强调句型均有It be.that.之类

33、的语言标志，但不同的是：前者中的that 从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的It be和that，则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句子；但若将后者中的It be和that去掉，则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.强调句型译为汉语时可加上 ”正是"或”就是"之类的字眼，而主语从句则不可以.请比较下面两个句子：It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了 第一名It is Mary that has won first place.正是玛莉得了 第一名.第一句话中的It是形式

34、主语,that引导的是主语从句.句中的It is和that无法删除，一旦删除句子就不成第二句是强调句型，其中的It is和that可以去掉，因为没有It is和that句子仍然很通顺Key: 1-5 DBDBA 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AAADB表语从句1 The traditional view is we sleep because our brain is“ programmed ” to make us do so. （2007 上海）A. when B. why C. whether D. that答案D解析下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句，如果看不出它是充当整

35、个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此， 应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that o考题2You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this isI disagree. （2004）A. why B. where C. what D. how答案B解析下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语 （“disagree ”届丁不及物动词，"I disagree ”本身是完整的主谓结构），下划线应填入引导词where,表语从句" where Idisagree ”的意思是“

36、我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。考题3I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that you had a few days off? （1999）A. why B. when C. what D. where答案A解析下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示“因此，”（指因某种原因所造成的结果）的引导词why。考题4she couldn ' t understand was fewer and fewer studentsshowed interest in her lesso

37、ns. （2000上海）A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that答案A解析第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语，特指她所不理解的事情， 应填入关系代词型的引导词 what ；第 二个下划线处表示“因此，”（指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句）而不是“为什么,”（指原因、理由，由because引导对应的名词性从句），应填入引导词why。考题5made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitte

38、d to key universities. （2003上海春）A. What; because B. What; thatC. That; what D. That; because答案B解析第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语，特指令校方骄傲的事情，应选用关系代词型的引导词 what;第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、理由， 应由that引导对应的名词性从句。考题6Are you still thinking about yesterday' s game?Oh, that ' s. （2003 北京春）A. what makes me feel e

39、xcited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited答案A解析A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物”；B选项的意思是“我觉得激动的任何事物”；C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式”；D选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的时间”。四个选项中A最适合跟代表 “gam4的主语that对应，充当表语从句。高中宾语从句详细用法和高考宾语从句专项练习2011-10-25 06:51提问者：聪明宝宝77 固|浏览次数：615次宾语从句G32011-10-25 09:49最佳答案你好。定语从句专项练习题及详解

40、50题1. The place interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2. Do you know the man?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3. This is the hotel last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they s

41、tayed4. Do you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which5. That is the day I'll never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6. The factory we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7. Great ch

42、anges have taken place since then in the factory we areworking.A. where B. that C. which D. there8. This is one of the best films.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked9. Can you lend me the book the other day?A. about which you talked

43、 B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10. The pen he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12. The engineer my father works is about 50 years old.A. to w

44、hom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.It there anyone in your class family is in the country?A. who B. who's C. which D. whose14.I'm interested in you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15.1 want to use the same dictionary was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as

45、16. He isn't such a man he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17. He is good at English,we all know.A. that B. as C. whom D. what18. Li Ming,to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.1 don't like as you read.A. the novel

46、s B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20. He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in theschool.A. which B. that C. whom D. what21. The letter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of a

47、re women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who23. You're the only person I've ever met could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who24.1 lost a book,I can't remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake,Hangzhou is f

48、amous in the world.A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what26.1 have bought such a watch was advertised on TV.A. that B. which C. as D. it27.1 can never forget the day we worked together and the daywe spent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when28. The way he look

49、s at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./29. This is the reason he didn't come to the meeting.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which30. This machine,for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked after

50、D. I have looked after31. The reason he didn't come was he was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what32. He is working hard,will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33. That is not the way I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.1 have two g

51、rammars,are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.1 want to use the same tools used in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36. My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble,was very kind of them.A. who B. which

52、 C. that D. it37. This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which38. He is not such a man would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as39. You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose40. Smoking,is a bad habit, is, ho

53、wever, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though41. - Did you ask the guard happened?-Yes, he told me all he knew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall never forget those years I lived on the farm withthe farmers,has a great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which

54、 C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who cars increasing.A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. wh

55、ich D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could see wasgoing on inside house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that47. Is some German friends visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where48. John got beaten

56、 in the game,had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who49. I have bought two ballpens,writes well.A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which50. All that can be eaten eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been参考答案及解析1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2. C.”和谁

57、讲话”要说speak to sb.本题全句应为 Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5. A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾 °6. C.解析同第5题。7. A.解析见第3题。8. A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动 词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词 the,则the one应该视为先行词。9. A.谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用 which作宾语, 不能用t