国际贸易实务 Arbitration英文课件完整版

1、LOGO国际贸易实务国际贸易实务Arbitration Learning ObjectivesvUnderstand the definition and the characteristics of ArbitrationvLearn the importance and contents of arbitration agreement or clauseContentsSection 1 Definition of Arbitration Section 2 Characteristic of arbitrationSection 3 Forms of Arbitration Agree

2、mentSection 4 Functions of Arbitration Agreement Section 5 Elements of Arbitration AgreementsSection 6 Arbitration clause in a contract When disputes arise between the seller and the buyer, there are four ways to settle down in sequence: negotiation, conciliation, arbitration and litigation. Friendl

3、y negotiation and conciliation are the most popular ways in the process of dispute settlement, which are able to maintain friendship between the exporter and the importer. When negotiation and do not work, should the two parties turn to and . Litigation, a process in law instituted by one party to a

4、nother to do him justice is usually costly and time-consuming. Compared with litigation, arbitration is a better alternative. In this section, we are going to have a further introduction on arbitration. conciliation n. 安抚安抚,抚慰抚慰,怀柔怀柔conciliationarbitration n. 仲裁仲裁,公断公断arbitrationlitigation n. 诉讼诉讼,起

5、诉起诉litigationcompel v. 强迫强迫,迫使迫使compel Arbitration refers to that the two parties, before or after the disputes arise, reach a written agreement that they will submit the disputes which cannot be settled through amicable negotiations to a third party for arbitration.Both parties shall settle the dis

6、putes complying with the result of arbitration as the arbitration result has legally force.Section 1 Definition of Arbitration bind v. 绑绑,约束约束,装订装订 binding 1. An arbitral body composing of dignitaries or experts in the field is set to settle trade disputes, neither a governmental power nor with a co

7、ercive jurisdiction. The settlement of the case is based on the will of both parties involved. 2. The parties involved shall sign an arbitral agreement before resorting to arbitration.The parties involved are granted with the right to choose the arbitrators. 3. Arbitration is simpler in procedures,

8、less costly and time consuming than litigation. 4. An arbitral verdict has a legally binding force,and is usually final, and binding upon both parties.Section 2 Characteristic of arbitrationSection 3 Forms of Arbitration Agreement vThere are two forms for arbitration agreement:1.Arbitration Clause:

9、the arbitration agreement concluded before the dispute,agreeing to settle the possible disputes through arbitration.Such agreement is generally included in the relevant sales contract as one clause of the contract.2.The agreement for arbitration:It is concluded by both patries involved after the dis

10、pute, agreeing to settle the dispute through arbitration.Section 4 Functions of Arbitration Agreement1.The both parties involved are bound to the arbitration agreement.When a dispute arises, it shall be settled through arbitration, instead of resorting to litigation.If one party files a suit at the

11、court, the other party has right to require the court to stop the proceedings of the case.2. If one party breaches the arbitration agreement and has resorts to the court at its own will, the other party may require the court to refuse the case according to the arbitration agreement, and brings the c

12、ase to the arbitral tribunal for judgment.An arbitration agreement can exclude the jurisdiction of court effectively.3.The arbitration tribunal or arbitrator is granted the jurisdiction of the case concerning the dispute. Arbitration clauses in the contract will usually include the following terms:

13、Section 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements 1. The arbitration body There are two forms of arbitration: institutional arbitration and ad hoc arbitration. The arbitration body can be a temporary organized body for specific arbitration and which is when the arbitration is over, or it may be a permane

14、nt arbitration body, such as the Arbitration Court of International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), the London Court of Arbitration, and American Arbitration Association and so on. dismiss v. 解散解散,开除开除dismissed In our country, the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC) in

15、Beijing, and its chapters in Shenzhen and ShanghaSection 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements2. Place of arbitration The place of arbitration will decide which arbitration rules or laws are applicable. The arbitration place can be anywhere in the sellers country, the buyers country or a third countr

16、y. The concerned parties always try to choose a place of arbitration they know well. Section 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements The arbitration clause will stipulate how arbitration is to apply, to work, how arbitrators are to be appointed, and how the case will be heard. We can divide the procedu

17、res into several steps: (1)application for arbitration; (2)composition of arbitration tribunal; (3)hearing; (4)award. 3. Arbitration procedures & Rules Section 5 Elements of Arbitration Agreements5. Arbitration fees An award is the decision made by the arbitration tribunal. It must be in written

18、 form with or without explanations or reasons. An arbitration clause must provide that the arbitral award is final, which is the of excluding the of litigation of courts by the arbitration clause. If an arbitration clause doesnt conclude that the arbitral award is final, CIETAC will not accept the c

19、ase. incarnation n. 赋予肉体赋予肉体,具人形具人形,化身化身incarnationjurisdiction n. 司法权司法权,审判权审判权,管辖权管辖权jurisdiction4. Arbitration award Generally, the arbitration clause shall provide that the arbitration fees shall be borne by the losing party. Section 6 Arbitration clause in a contract The following is an example

20、 of arbitration clause in a contract: Example: “All disputes in connection with the contract or the execution thereof shall be settled through friendly negotiations. In case no settlement can be reached through negotiations, the case should then be submitted for arbitration to the Foreign Trade Arbi

21、tration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade. The decision rendered by the said Commission shall be final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party.” Notes 返回1. Ad hoc arbitration: 临时仲裁制度, 临时仲裁制度是解决商事纠纷的一项非常重要的制度,经济的发展 机

22、构仲裁的不足和网络技术的发展使得临时仲裁得到世界上多数国家的认同 临时仲裁,强调自然公正 自由和效率的兼顾2. The China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC):中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会,原名中国国际贸易促进委员会对外贸易仲裁委员会,后名中国国际贸易促进委员会对外经济贸易仲裁委员会,现名中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会(以下简称仲裁委员会),以仲裁的方式,独立 公正地解决契约性或非契约性的经济纠纷 Case 1 我国某外贸公司于某外商签订一份出口合同，合同中的仲裁条款订明仲裁地点为北京，后来发生交货

23、品质纠纷，外商不愿到北京仲裁，于是在当地法院起诉，当地法院向我外贸公司寄来传票。问：我国公司应如何应对？ 答：我国公司可以不去出庭应诉，将传票退还给外国法院，指出其对该案件是没有管辖权的，将争议案件交由北京仲裁庭裁决。分析：我国公司与外商的出口合同中明确有以双方自愿为基础的仲裁，外商不但不遵守，且在当地法院起诉。根据仲裁的作用，外商的做法违背了仲裁协议，是无理论依据的，故我国公司可以将传票退还给外国法院，指出其对该案件没有管辖权，坚持该案件由北京仲裁庭裁断。case 219911991年年1212月月2828日，中国某进出口公司向美国某开发公司订购日，中国某进出口公司向美国某开发公司订购900

24、09000吨钢材，后因美吨钢材，后因美国某开发公司元力履行合同，美方提出由瑞士某公司（下称瑞士公司）供货。这国某开发公司元力履行合同，美方提出由瑞士某公司（下称瑞士公司）供货。这期间瑞士公司曾经几次来电谎称期间瑞士公司曾经几次来电谎称“货已在装船港待运货已在装船港待运 ，“装船日期为装船日期为19921992年年3 3月月3131日日 ，“所供钢材可能由我们意大利生产厂或西班牙生产厂交货所供钢材可能由我们意大利生产厂或西班牙生产厂交货 ，诱使中方与，诱使中方与其签订合同，双方约定的购销钢材数量为其签订合同，双方约定的购销钢材数量为91809180吨，价吨，价229.5229.5万美元。万美元。

25、中方即时向瑞士公司汇付了全部货款，但是中方迟迟未收到订购的钢材。为中方即时向瑞士公司汇付了全部货款，但是中方迟迟未收到订购的钢材。为此中方曾多次向瑞士公司方交涉，但瑞士公司方面或者拒不答复，或者以种种借此中方曾多次向瑞士公司方交涉，但瑞士公司方面或者拒不答复，或者以种种借口托辞搪塞。经中方一再催促之后瑞士公司才于口托辞搪塞。经中方一再催促之后瑞士公司才于19921992年年9 9月月5 5日回电称日回电称“中国港口中国港口拥挤，船舶将改变航线拥挤，船舶将改变航线 ，“最迟抵达日期预计为最迟抵达日期预计为19921992年年1010月月2020日日 。但届时中方。但届时中方仍未收到钢材，再次去电

26、交涉，瑞方竟然全盘推卸自己的责任。仍未收到钢材，再次去电交涉，瑞方竟然全盘推卸自己的责任。事后查明，瑞士公司在意大利和西班牙既无钢厂，也无钢材；瑞方所提供的事后查明，瑞士公司在意大利和西班牙既无钢厂，也无钢材；瑞方所提供的意大利卡里奥托钢厂的钢材质量检验证书重量证书及装箱单均系伪造。瑞方提交意大利卡里奥托钢厂的钢材质量检验证书重量证书及装箱单均系伪造。瑞方提交的提单上的装运船的提单上的装运船“阿基罗拉阿基罗拉 号号19921992年根本未在提单载明的装运港意大利接斯年根本未在提单载明的装运港意大利接斯佩扎停泊过，从而证明瑞士公司既未将钢材托运装船，所提交的提单也是伪造的佩扎停泊过，从而证明瑞士

27、公司既未将钢材托运装船，所提交的提单也是伪造的意图欺诈中方货款。其所称意图欺诈中方货款。其所称“中国港口拥挤，船舶将改变航线中国港口拥挤，船舶将改变航线 也是虚构的。也是虚构的。19931993年年3 3月月2424日，中方向中国某市中级人民法院提起诉讼，指出瑞士公司侵日，中方向中国某市中级人民法院提起诉讼，指出瑞士公司侵权，要求其赔偿中方经济损失共计权，要求其赔偿中方经济损失共计550550万美元。起诉的同时申请财产保全。法院万美元。起诉的同时申请财产保全。法院接到原告起诉及财产保全申请后，首先审查后准许中方的保全申请，裁定冻结了接到原告起诉及财产保全申请后，首先审查后准许中方的保全申请，裁

28、定冻结了瑞士公司在某银行的托收货款瑞士公司在某银行的托收货款440440余万美元。被告在答辩的同时提出反诉，要求余万美元。被告在答辩的同时提出反诉，要求中方赔偿其货款被冻结而造成的利息损失及律师费用。中方赔偿其货款被冻结而造成的利息损失及律师费用。v某市中级人民法院在一审后作出判决：瑞士公司应偿还中国公司的钢材货款2290250美元，并赔偿中方各项损失2846418.60美元；同时驳回被告的反诉。被告不服，向某市高级人民法院提出上诉，认为双方当事人之间签订的钢材买卖合同中订有仲裁条款，根据中国已加入的承认及执行外国仲裁裁决公约中国法院对此案无管辖权；同时认为中方在不同法院对瑞方提出重复诉讼不当：一审法院裁定冻结与本案无关的货款不当：认定其有欺诈行为元事实根据。根据中华人民共和国涉外经济合同法的规定，禁止把间接损失作为赔偿，一审判决损害赔偿数额过高，且无事实根据，请求撤销原判决。v高级人民法院经二审审理后确认：瑞士公司使用欺诈手段诱使中方与其签订合同，之后又在货物未装船的情况下，伪造单据，骗取中方巨额货款，不仅构成了破坏合同，而且还构成了侵权。中方有权向法院提起侵权之诉，而不受双方所订立的合同仲裁条款的约束。根据中华人民共和国民事诉讼法第20条规定：“因侵权行为提起