unit翻译技巧资料实用教案

1、Honoring the deceased The Qingming Festival or Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival for mourning the dead.第1页/共54页第一页，共55页。deceasedadj.No longer living; dead. The deceased left a large sum of money to his children. 第2页/共54页第二页，共55页。第3页/共54页第三页，共55页。 Joss paper第4页/共54页第四页，共55页。清明节 The

2、name literally means “Pure Brightness Festival” or “Clear and Bright Festival“ ， suggesting a time for people to go outside and enjoy the greenery of springtime (踏青(tqng), but it is mostly noted for its connection with Chinese ancestral respect and the tending of family graves. 第5页/共54页第五页，共55页。Alon

3、g the River During the Qingming Festival, 12th century original by Zhang Zeduan (1085-1145) 第6页/共54页第六页，共55页。清明上河图 It captures the daily life of people and the landscape of the capital, Bianjing, todays Kaifeng, from the Northern Song period. The theme is often said to celebrate the festive spirit a

4、nd worldly commotion at the Qingming Festival, rather than the holidays ceremonial aspects, such as tomb sweeping and prayers. Successive scenes reveal the lifestyle of all levels of the society from rich to poor as well as different economic activities in rural areas and the city, and offer glimpse

5、s of period clothing and architecture. 第7页/共54页第七页，共55页。 下周四考试(kosh)第8页/共54页第八页，共55页。转性第9页/共54页第九页，共55页。1.2 英语介词(jic)的转换 根据(gnj)柯姆（Curme）统计，英语中共有286个介词（含介词短语）；而中文常用的介词不到30个。这一差异要求我们在英译汉时可根据(gnj)语境的需要把英文中的介词转译成中文的动词。第10页/共54页第十页，共55页。 许多含有动作意味的介词都转译为动词; 还有些作原因、目的、方式(fngsh)、陪衬等状语的介词短语里的介词亦可转译为动词。第11页/

6、共54页第十一页，共55页。 Carlisle street runs westwards, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn. k:lail 卡莱尔大街向西伸展，跨过一座黑色大桥，爬下山冈又爬上山冈，经过许多小铺和肉市，经过一些平房，最后(zuhu)在一大片绿色草坪前突然停下了。第12页/共54页第

7、十二页，共55页。 Carlisle street runs westwards, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn. k:lail 卡莱尔大街向西伸展，跨过一座黑色大桥，爬下山冈又爬上山冈，经过许多小铺和肉市，经过一些平房，最后在一大片绿色(l s)草坪前突然停下了。第13页/共54页第十三页，共5

8、5页。1.3 英语(yn y)形容词的转换1.3.1 英语(yn y)形容词转译为动词一些表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态或标识存在状态的形容词在与系动词构成复合谓语时，可将形容词译成动词第14页/共54页第十四页，共55页。 They were quite content with the data obtained from the experiment. 他们十分满意试验中获得的数据(shj)。 I would be so grateful if you could do it. 如果你能这样做，我将十分感激。第15页/共54页第十五页，共55页。表示动作和状态以现在分词或过去分词形式出现

9、的形容词，也常常转译为动词。We believe that Europe should and will be outward-looking.我们认为(rnwi)，欧洲应该而且必将放眼世界。第16页/共54页第十六页，共55页。第17页/共54页第十七页，共55页。第18页/共54页第十八页，共55页。第19页/共54页第十九页，共55页。第20页/共54页第二十页，共55页。第21页/共54页第二十一页，共55页。Indochina Indochina: Dark green: always included, Light green: usually included, Red: som

10、etimes included. Burma, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam第22页/共54页第二十二页，共55页。Indochina is a peninsula in Southeast Asia lying roughly southwest of China, and east of India. The name has its origins in the French Indochine as a combination of the names of India and China, referri

11、ng to the location of the territory between those two countries, though the majority of people in the region are neither Chinese nor Indian. The countries of mainland Southeast Asia received cultural influence from both India and China to varying degrees.第23页/共54页第二十三页，共55页。第24页/共54页第二十四页，共55页。第25页/

12、共54页第二十五页，共55页。第26页/共54页第二十六页，共55页。第27页/共54页第二十七页，共55页。第28页/共54页第二十八页，共55页。第29页/共54页第二十九页，共55页。第30页/共54页第三十页，共55页。第31页/共54页第三十一页，共55页。第32页/共54页第三十二页，共55页。第33页/共54页第三十三页，共55页。第34页/共54页第三十四页，共55页。第35页/共54页第三十五页，共55页。 1. I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement during my childhood

13、. 2. Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty. 3. He came to my home for help 4. At noon, she came home for lunch. 5. The people are with him. 6. The woman, with her two daughters, arrived. 7. He was away before dawn. 第36页/共54页第三十六页，共55页。1. I am so grateful to my fathe

14、r for his continuous encouragement during my childhood. 我非常感谢父亲(f qn)，因为在我小时侯他总是不断地鼓励我。 2. Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty. 千百万山区人终于摆脱了贫穷 (介词转为动词) 第37页/共54页第三十七页，共55页。 3. He came to my home for help 他来我家请求帮忙(介词转为动词) 4. At noon, she came home for lunch. 她中午回家吃午

15、饭。（介词转为动词） 5. The people are with him. 人民拥护(yngh)他. (系动词be+介词转为行为动词) 第38页/共54页第三十八页，共55页。 6. The woman, with her two daughters, arrived. 那个女人带着两个(lin )女儿到了。（系动词be介词转为行为动词） 7. He was away before dawn. 他黎明前离开了。系动词be副词转为行为动词 第39页/共54页第三十九页，共55页。6.1.2 变态(binti)译法the change of the voices 1 英汉两种语言被动语态的异同

16、在英语和汉语中都存在被动语态，但两者的使用情况差别甚大：汉语的被动语态呈现多样化，但大体上可归类为有形式标志和无形式标志两种；英语的被动标志则形式比较固定，通过动词的词型变化，用“助动词be+过去分词”的形式来表达(biod)。被动语态使用频率比汉语高得多。第40页/共54页第四十页，共55页。 汉语是借助( jizh)词汇手段表达被动语态的，因此，汉语表达被动语态的方式比较丰富。如有形式标志的被动式（如受、挨、糟、由、被、给、叫、让、为等）。他们受到热烈欢迎。这个极其危险的作战行动是由一个年轻貌 美的比利时姑娘组织的。第41页/共54页第四十一页，共55页。 被动语态在英语中主要用于以下几种

17、情况：当不必说出施事者或无法说出施事者时；当强调受事者的重要性，突出其位置时；用于加强上下文的连贯性；使措词得当、语气委婉，出于礼貌上的考虑，不愿说出施事者而采用被动语态；为使一个长句一气呵成，避免因改变主语而产生不连贯的现象而使用被动语态。 两种语言中被动语态的使用频率和使用方式不同(b tn)，英译汉时常常使用变态译法。第42页/共54页第四十二页，共55页。2 变态(binti)译法被动语态的翻译主要有以下三种情况：1. 将英语的被动语态译为汉语的被动句;2. 将英语的被动语态译为汉语的主动句;3. 将原文中的被动语态完全(wnqun)消解，重新组织原文。第43页/共54页第四十三页，共

18、55页。2. 1.保留 英语被动语态译为汉语(Hny)被动句 Any minute we would be spotted by enemy planes flying in and out of the airfield. 我们随时都会被出入机场的敌机(d j)发现。 They were given a hearty welcome. 他们受到热烈欢迎。第44页/共54页第四十四页，共55页。 Therefore, when we are received with so much honor and so much kindness in this great country I beli

19、eved that the Peoples Republic of China is doing a very significant thing. 因此，当我们在这个伟大(wid)国家里受到这样隆重和盛情的接待时，我认为中华人民共和国这样做是有重大意义的。第45页/共54页第四十五页，共55页。2.2 2.2 变态(binti)1-(binti)1-译为汉语的主动句 颠倒主语和宾语的位置, 只适用于可以找到英语主语的句子。He said he was assured by the State Department that the U.S. is willing to normalize r

20、elations with his country.他说，国务院已向他保证美国愿意(yun y)同他的国家恢复正常关系。第46页/共54页第四十六页，共55页。 The invincible defense of Stalingrad is matched by the commanding military leadership of Stalin. match 相配 invincible defense坚不可摧的防线 Stalingrad斯大林格勒 commanding military leadership军事(jnsh)领导在斯大林格勒，不但有坚不可摧的防线，还有斯大林英明的军事(jn

21、sh)领导。第47页/共54页第四十七页，共55页。 特定句式的翻译（It is .）这类以It作为形式主语的英语(yn y)句子，在译文中常要改成主动形式，有时不加主语，有时则加上不确定的主语，如“有人”、“大家”、“人们”等，往往有固定的模式。第48页/共54页第四十八页，共55页。 It is hoped thatIt is reported that.It is said that .Its is supposed that据推测(tuc)It may be said without fear of exaggeration that .可以毫不夸张的说It must be admit

22、ted that.必须承认It must be pointed out that .必须指出It will be seen from this that由此可见It is asserted that 有人主张It is believed that 有人认为It is generally considered that第49页/共54页第四十九页，共55页。1) She hadnt been told Bettes family name, or shed forgotten it. 2) Many voices have been raised demanding the setting up of an Arab common market. 3) The coming physics examination is said to be rather difficult, so we must get prepared for it. 4) The Wright brothers were highly praised for having made the firs