unitEnglishNasalsApproximantsLaterals实用教案

1、第1页/共52页第一页，共53页。第2页/共52页第二页，共53页。Nasals, Approximants & Lateral(s)Like the stops, the nasals are all made by closing the vocal tract at some point in the mouth. Unlike the stops or any other sounds in the language, there is an opening into the nasal cavity in the pronunciation so that the sound

2、 can be resonated through the nose. The nasal consonants are /m/, /n/, and / /. /w/, /r/, and /j/ are called approximants because it is an articulation in which the articulators approach each other but do not get sufficiently close to each other to produce a complete consonant such as a stop, nasal

3、or fricative. /l/ is called a lateral because during its pronunciation, the passage of air through the mouth does not go in the usual way along the centre of the tongue. 第3页/共52页第三页，共53页。第4页/共52页第四页，共53页。第5页/共52页第五页，共53页。第6页/共52页第六页，共53页。Phrases/m / a famous mountain / for fame / from time to timebl

4、ame nobody / all the same / make a move 第7页/共52页第七页，共53页。Allophonic variations of mSyllabic: somethingLengthened, when an arresting /m/ is followed by a releasing /m/:some moreThe labiodnetal nasal, when followed by /f/: comfort第8页/共52页第八页，共53页。第9页/共52页第九页，共53页。第10页/共52页第十页，共53页。第11页/共52页第十一页，共53页。P

5、hrases /n/ thin-skinned / nine times out of ten / normalize the relations / to the point / make a noise in the world / gaining a lot of weight 第12页/共52页第十二页，共53页。Allophonic variations of nDentalized before a labiodental /f/ or /v/: inviteVelarized before /k/ or /g/: thinkSyllabic: buttonLengthening,

6、 when /n/ arrests and releases adjoining syllables: ten names第13页/共52页第十三页，共53页。第14页/共52页第十四页，共53页。第15页/共52页第十五页，共53页。第16页/共52页第十六页，共53页。Phrases / knowing the meaning / talking and joking / eating and drinking / washing and cooking / reading and writing / the coming spring第17页/共52页第十七页，共53页。Allophon

7、ic variations of The alveolar / /, when followed by an alveolar:taking tenSyllabic: lock and key第18页/共52页第十八页，共53页。第19页/共52页第十九页，共53页。SentencesMy name is May.She is a green hand.Marys mother is a famous film maker.The manager wants to make a name.No need to know that.The milk man is shouting.She is

8、narrow-minded.Do you know the meaning of the song?Lily is learning another language.第20页/共52页第二十页，共53页。Tongue twistersAs I was going along, along, along, I sang a comical song, song, song, The lane that I went was long, long, long, And the song that I sang was as long, long, long, And so I went alon

9、g singing the long, long song.第21页/共52页第二十一页，共53页。Swan swam over the sea,Swim, Swan, swim.Swan swam back again.Well swum, Swan.Autumn winds are sighing, sighing inthe trees;The ripen corn is waving, waving thebreeze.第22页/共52页第二十二页，共53页。RhymesThe Seasons Spring is gay with flower and song, Summer is

10、hot and the days are long, Autumn is rich with fruit and grain, Winter brings snow and the New Year again.第23页/共52页第二十三页，共53页。MayIn the merry month of May,All the little birds are gay.They all hop and sing and say:Winter days are far away,Welcome, welcome, merry May!”In the merry month of May,All th

11、e pretty flowers are gay.They all dance and sing and say:“Winter days are far away,Welcome, welcome, merry May!”第24页/共52页第二十四页，共53页。第25页/共52页第二十五页，共53页。第26页/共52页第二十六页，共53页。Phrases /w/ enjoy world-wide fame ; wear away know the whereabouts ; a weekly magazine wet behind the ears ; share weal and woe

12、welcome the visitors ; wage freeze第27页/共52页第二十七页，共53页。SentencesThats a good wine.They became aware of it.Where theres a will, theres a way.No sweet without seat.What is worth doing at all is worth doing well.He works for the union.Lets try something new.It is her usual behavior.Yesterday I heard a b

13、eautiful tune. 第28页/共52页第二十八页，共53页。第29页/共52页第二十九页，共53页。第30页/共52页第三十页，共53页。Phrases/j/ at the back yard; your yesterday all these years; yeaning for fame stop yawning; green and yellow year in and year out; a yes-man 第31页/共52页第三十一页，共53页。第32页/共52页第三十二页，共53页。第33页/共52页第三十三页，共53页。第34页/共52页第三十四页，共53页。Allop

14、honic variations of /r/Devoiced as in voiceless clusters: treatThe one-tap flap /r/: veryThe retroflexed /r/: rightThe back /r/, before or after /k/ or /g/:crate grey第35页/共52页第三十五页，共53页。Tongue twisters A. How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?B. Walter was wailing, wo

15、rrying and watching the wet weather and the wet wind.C. Who that in youth no virtues uses, in age all honor him refuses.D. Unique New York. Unique New York. Unique New York.第36页/共52页第三十六页，共53页。Rhymes The Hills Are Green The hills are green; The waters clear. The seed yellow, another reaps; The wealt

16、hy find, another keeps.第37页/共52页第三十七页，共53页。Clouds White sheep, white sheep, On a blue hill, When the wind stops, You all stand still. You walk far away When the wind blows. White sheep, white sheep, Where do you go? 第38页/共52页第三十八页，共53页。SpringIf you see a robin, You will know that spring is near. If

17、you see a nest, You will know that spring is here.第39页/共52页第三十九页，共53页。第40页/共52页第四十页，共53页。第41页/共52页第四十一页，共53页。第42页/共52页第四十二页，共53页。PhrasesA hard blow / little by little / in low spiritsas black as coal / really and trulyread between the lines / liquid capitallive and let live / in cold blood /carry co

18、als to Newcastle / lucky in love第43页/共52页第四十三页，共53页。SentencesLive and learn.Look before you leap.Love me little, love me long.Leave me alone, please.It is a high load. Collect the papers, please.A little pill may well cure a great ill.He lost his life in the struggle forliberty第44页/共52页第四十四页，共53页。Al

19、lophonic variations of /l/Syllabic: bottleClear-l, made with the tongue in the classical fronted position: leaseDark-l, (the tongue tip and blade in the post alveolar position): callDevoiced in consonant clusters with voiceless stops: playThe post-palatal, or velar /l/: milk第45页/共52页第四十五页，共53页。/l/-/r/ ，/r/和 ri (日)对比(dub)第46页/共52页第四十六页，共53页。 /l /&/r/ lice /rice ; filing / reading; file /riflelead / read; liver /river; elect / erect第47页/共52页第四十七页，共53页。Tongue twisters A. Little Lily and little Nelly are writin