高中英语-英语连词复习资料ppt课件

1、概念概念 连词是一种虚词连词是一种虚词, ,它不能独立地担任它不能独立地担任句子成分句子成分, ,只是衔接词与词、短语与只是衔接词与词、短语与短语以及句子与句子的作用。短语以及句子与句子的作用。 英语中连词只需分两类：并列与从英语中连词只需分两类：并列与从属连词。属连词。并列连词：用来衔接平行的词、并列连词：用来衔接平行的词、短语或分句。短语或分句。从属连词：用来引导一个从句。从属连词：用来引导一个从句。连词是用来衔接词、词组连词是用来衔接词、词组和句子的虚词。分为并列和句子的虚词。分为并列连词和从属连词。连词和从属连词。 并列连词衔接两个分句，并列连词衔接两个分句，构成并列句。构成并列句。

2、用从属连词引起两个分句，用从属连词引起两个分句，构成复合句。构成复合句。 并列连词：并列连词： a. 并列关系：并列关系：and，as well as, eitherornot onlybut also， bothandneithernor. b. 转机关系：转机关系：but，yet，or. c. 因果关系：因果关系：for，so. d. 选择关系：选择关系：or，eitheror.并列连词衔接两个分句，构成并列句。并列连词衔接两个分句，构成并列句。1. andNow stop blowing, and soon you will find the glass clear again. Ten

3、 minutes earlier, and we could have caught the last bus.and 在此表示条件，等于在此表示条件，等于 if you stop blowing now, you .If we came here ten minutes earlier, we2. not onlybut also/ as well asNot only the mother but also the children are sick.The mother as well as the children is sick.不但妈妈而且孩子也病了。不但妈妈而且孩子也病了。不但孩

4、子们而且妈妈也病了。不但孩子们而且妈妈也病了。衔接主语时，衔接主语时， 强调的方面不同，谓语动词在强调的方面不同，谓语动词在人称、数上也要调整。人称、数上也要调整。orThe elephant isnt like a wall, or a spear, or asnake, or a tree, neither is he like a fan.在否认句中并列成分的列举通常用在否认句中并列成分的列举通常用or来衔接，来衔接，不用不用and。从属连词：用来衔接各种从句。从属连词：用来衔接各种从句。主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句衔接词有：衔接词有：that, if, wh

5、ether, as衔接代词：衔接代词：who，whom，whose，what which, whatever, whoever, whichever衔接副词：衔接副词：when，where，why， how，wherever, whenever从属连词：用来衔接各种从句。从属连词：用来衔接各种从句。2. 状语从句状语从句引导时间状语从句连词有：引导时间状语从句连词有：as, when, while, till, notuntil, until, before, since, as soon as, hardly/scarcelywhen, no sooner.than,once, the mo

6、ment, the minute that, by the time引导退让状语从句连词有：引导退让状语从句连词有：although, though, even if, even though, no matter+who(what, when, how, where)或或 whoever,whatever, wherever, however等等as, though(要用倒装要用倒装)从属连词：用来衔接各种从句。从属连词：用来衔接各种从句。2. 状语从句状语从句引导缘由状语从句连词有：引导缘由状语从句连词有：because,as for,since,now that引导地点状语从句连词有：引

7、导地点状语从句连词有：where, wherever引导目的状语从句连词有：引导目的状语从句连词有：so that, in order that引导结果状语从句连词有：引导结果状语从句连词有：sothat, suchthat引导方式状语从句连词有：引导方式状语从句连词有：as, as if (though)引导比较状语从句连词有：引导比较状语从句连词有：than, as引导条件状语从句连词有：引导条件状语从句连词有：if, unless, so(as) long as, in case, once, as far as, on condition that从属连词：用来衔接各种从句。从属连词：

8、用来衔接各种从句。3. 定语从句定语从句关系代词：关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that关系副词：关系副词：when，where，why4. 同位语从句同位语从句同上除同上除 that 外外一一. 几组时间几组时间 状语从句状语从句1. till, notuntil, until, before, sinceDont get off the bus until it has stopped.He waited for his father until (till) it was twelveoclock.It will be five years before he re

9、turns fromEngland.Observe the following sentences.till /until They played volleyball until (till) it got dark.They didnt talk until (till) the interpreter came.He didnt go to bed until (till) his father came back. Till the last minute of the match we kept on playing.Till he finished his work did he

10、go home.We walked till the edge of the forest. until until 位于句首时，位于句首时，not not 开头的从句中，不能开头的从句中，不能用用tilltill。 until/till until/till只能用于时间。只能用于时间。改为改为as far as或或toF几组时间几组时间 状语从句状语从句2. hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, once, as soon as, As soon as I have finished it , Ill give you a call.Once you sho

11、w any face, he will attack you.We had hardly got into the country when it beganto rain. (Hardly had we got into)一一就就几组时间几组时间 状语从句状语从句3. the moment, directly, immediately, the minute that, He made for the door directly he heard the knock.4. each time, every time, by the timeEach time he came to my ci

12、ty, he would call onme.一一就就Observe the following sentences.1. while 能否可换为能否可换为when?Please keep quiet while others are studying.A friend of yours came to see you while you were away.可以。可以。 while = at the time that, during the time that谓语动词为继续性的动词。谓语普通为进展时谓语动词为继续性的动词。谓语普通为进展时, 或形状动词的普通如今时。或形状动词的普通如今时。

13、Observe the following sentences.2. when 能否可换为能否可换为while?When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment.He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English.when 可指一段时间，也可指一点时间。引导可指一段时间，也可指一点时间。引导的状语从句的谓语动词可是终止性的，的状语从句的谓语动词可是终止性的， 也可也可是延续性的。是延续性的。主句和从句的谓语可以是普通时、进展时、完主句和从句的谓语可以是普通时、进展时、完

14、成时。成时。when 不等于不等于 whilewhen = whileObserve the following sentences.3. as 能否可换为能否可换为while,when?As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number 37.as 可与可与when, while通用，但强调通用，但强调“一边一边一一边边。as= when , while区别几组同义词连词区别几组同义词连词: 一一. when，while，as “当当时时* when + 继续性继续性V. / +终止性终止性V

15、. e.g. He was doing his homework when I came in.* while +继续性动作继续性动作 ，表示，表示“在在时时; 表示对比表示对比“而而 e.g. Strike while the iron is hot.I like tea while she likes coffee . * as + 延续性动词延续性动词 -“当当的时候的时候; “一边一边一边一边 e.g.I met her as I was coming home. (=when)She sang as she walked home.As he talked on he got mor

16、e and more excited.She came up as I was cooking. The runners started as the gun went out.It was raining when we arrived.When we were at school, we went to the library every day.Please dont talk so loud while we are working. He feel asleep while/when reading.和和when/while通用，但它通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动着重强调主句与从句

17、的动作同时或几乎同时发生。作同时或几乎同时发生。主句的动作或事情在从句主句的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词程中发生，从句中的动词普通要用延续性动词。普通要用延续性动词。即可以表示在某一点的时即可以表示在某一点的时候，又可以表示在某一段候，又可以表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。可以先后发生。二二 . because(由于由于)，since既然既然, as(由于由于) , for (由于由于)* “Why did you move there? “_my fathe

18、r found a job there.The man fainted(晕倒晕倒)_ he was tired and hungry.* _it is known to all, the earth moves round the sun.* _ you cant answer the question, perhaps wed better ask someone else.* The old lady doesnt go out in winter, _ she feels the cold a great deal.BecausebecauseAsSincefor以下情况只能用以下情况只

19、能用because1 回答回答why问句时问句时2 用于强调句型中用于强调句型中3 被被 not 否认时否认时三三. so that “以便，为了以便，为了 (表示目的表示目的) = in order that so that “以致于，结果以致于，结果(表示结果表示结果) He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.He got up late so that he didnt catch the first bus.It was very cold, so that the water in the bowl froze.She

20、 took medicine on time so that she might get well soon.“为了为了“结果结果“结果结果“为了为了 sothat ；suchthat “如此以致于 他是如此聪明的男孩,我们大家都喜欢他.He is _ a clever boy that all of us like him. 她被吓坏了,以致哭了起来.She was _ frightened that she started crying. 这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩.It is _ beautiful a park that people enjoy playing in

21、 it. There is _ much ink in the bottle that you can use it. There are _ many texts in the book that we cant finish learning this term. suchsosososo小结：小结： such +名词词组名词词组that so +描画词描画词/副词副词 that四四. “虽然虽然 although, though, ase.g. Although / Though it was cold, he went on working.-Cold as/though it was

22、, he went on working.Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot.-Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.Although / Though you read fast, you cant finish the book in three days.-Fast as you read, you cant finish the book in three days.小结：小结：although/though 用于正常语序。用于正常语序。 as/though用于倒装语序，即将表语、状语、用于倒

23、装语序，即将表语、状语、动词原形提早！动词原形提早！五五. 疑问词疑问词+ever和和 no matter+疑问词的区别疑问词的区别Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.You can choose whatever you like in shop.Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished.Whatever you do, you must do it well.No matter what you do, you must do it well.no matter who breaks the ru

24、le, he must be punished.疑问词疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句和退让状语从句可引导名词性从句和退让状语从句no matter+疑问词只能引导退让状语从句。疑问词只能引导退让状语从句。六六. if , whether “能否能否 She asked _ I took sugar in my tea. I dont care _it doesnt rain.= I dont care _ it rain or not._ he will come or not is unknown.They discussed_they should help her.We are con

25、sidering _ to go.It is still a question _ they will finish the task in time.ifwhether / ifwhetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether七七. whether 和和 if 的区别的区别I dont care whether he will attend my birthday party or not. I dont care whether or not he will attend my birthday party . 2. I havent decided whether

26、to leave or not.3. Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known. 和和not连用连用whether可接不定式可接不定式引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用whether whether 和和 if 的区别的区别4. The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. The question is whether we can finish the task on time.

27、5. It depends on whether you want to do it or not.引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用whetherwhether可做介词的宾语从句的衔接词可做介词的宾语从句的衔接词 whether 和和 if 的区别的区别6. If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.7. I wonder if he can not do me a favor.He had no idea if he could not finish the task in time.if可用来引导条件状语从句可用来引

28、导条件状语从句从句用于否认构造时，必需用从句用于否认构造时，必需用ifPractice:1. Hurry up, _ youll be late.2. Study hard, _ youll make progress.3. I had tried hard, _ I failed.4. I was going to jump into the river _ the guide called out to me.5. She could _ read German _ speak it well.orandbutwhenbothand6. You may _ do it yourself _

29、 leave it to me.7. I cant swim, _ can my sister.8. It must be raining, _ it is so dark outside.9. The problem was very hard, _, we worked it out in the end.eitherorneitherforotherwise10. She had much difficulty in studying English, _we should give her more help.11. We have studied English for only a year, _ we can already act plays in English12._ he _ I am from the north.13. You can _ stay at school _Come