【课件】人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit2 Grammardoing 课件-(共28张PPT)VIP

1、非谓语-doing动名词是由动词动名词是由动词-ing形式构成的，它在句中起名词作用。形式构成的，它在句中起名词作用。(一一)动名词的句法功能动名词的句法功能1作主语动名词短语作主语时，有时用作主语动名词短语作主语时，有时用it作形式主语。作形式主语。Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.听别人对你刚读听别人对你刚读过的这本书的反应会带来额外的乐趣。过的这本书的反应会带来额外的乐趣。It is no good coming before that.在那之前来没有用。在那

2、之前来没有用。名师指津名师指津下面句型中常下面句型中常用动名词作主语：用动名词作主语：It is/was a waste (of .)/no use/no good doing sth.动名词必背动词-ing形式作主语的几个常用句型。Its no good talking to him. 和他谈话是没有用的。It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come.给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。Its worth making an effort. 努力一下是值得的。There is no saying when it will stop

3、raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。2作表语动名词作表语表示通常的情况，多指抽象的、经常性的动作。动名词作表语表示通常的情况，多指抽象的、经常性的动作。My job is teaching you English.我的工作是教你们英语。我的工作是教你们英语。3作宾语(1)下列动词(短语)只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想consider, sugge

4、st/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡forbid, imagine, risk; cant help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape(2)由由“动词介词动词介词”构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语.常见的有常见的有:be/get used

5、to (习惯于习惯于), look forward to (期盼期盼), feel like (想要想要), insist on (坚持坚持),get down to (开始认真做某事开始认真做某事), devote . to . (致力于致力于),object to (反对反对), stick to (坚持坚持), give up (放弃放弃)等。等。Its time I got down to thinking about that essay.我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。(3)下列动词或词组既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾下列动词或词组既可以接动名词作

6、宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：语，但意义上有区别：mean doing sth. 意味着做某事意味着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事忘记做过某事(已做已做)forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事忘记去做某事(未做未做) regret doing sth. 对做过的事后悔对做过的事后悔(已做已做)regret to do sth. 对即将做的事遗憾对即将做的事遗憾(未做未做) try doing sth. 试着做某事试着做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事尽力去做某事 go on doi

7、ng sth. 继续做原来做的事继续做原来做的事go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事继续做另一件事 remember doing sth. 记着做了某事记着做了某事(已做已做)remember to do sth. 记着去做某事记着去做某事(未做未做)1.go on to do/go on doingHaving finished the exercises, we went on_(learn) the new words in the next unit. Though it was raining heavily, they went on_(work). 2.mean to

8、 do/mean doingI didnt mean _(hurt) you. Missing the train means _(wait) for another hour.3.regret to do/regret doingI regret _(say) I must leave tomorrow. I regret_ (tell) her earlier. 4.remember to do /remember doing Remember _(lock)the door when you leave. I remember _(post) that letter. to hurtwa

9、itingto learnworkingto saynot having toldto lock posting5.forget to do/forget doingShe nearly forgot _(give) the porter a tip for his service. Ill never forget _ (meet)my school headmaster for the first time. 6.stop to do/stop doingWhile working, he stopped _(talk)with Tom at times. When the teacher

10、 came into the classroom, the pupils stopped _(talk). 7.try to do/try doingI must try _(get) everything ready before he arrives.Would you please try _(do) that again?to givemeetingto talk talkingto getdoing4作定语作定语动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能。名词的用途和性能。a reading room = a room which i

11、s used for reading running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a walking stick a stick for walking手杖手杖a sleeping car a car for sleeping卧铺车卧铺车a drawing board 画板 a sewing machine 缝纫机a swimming pool 游泳池 a waiting room 候车室a dining car 餐车 a driving permit 驾驶许可证(二二)动名词的时态和语态动名词的时态和语态形式意义主动语态被动语态一般式与谓语动词的动作同时或稍后发生d

12、oingbeing done完成式先于谓语动词的动作完成having donehaving been doneDo you like playing chess?你喜欢下棋吗？你喜欢下棋吗？She was pleased that the teacher wasnt angry with her for her having been so rude.她很高兴老师没有因为她很高兴老师没有因为她的无礼而生气。她的无礼而生气。用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空I appreciate _ (give) this opportunity.Lydia doesnt feel like _ (

13、study) abroad. Her parents are old.Scientists have discovered that _ (stay) in the cold could help us lose weight.In most cases, a healthy diet can help you decrease the risk of _ (get) some diseases like diabetes and cancer.Animals that are able to copy sounds may enjoy _ (practice) new sounds.When

14、 they are kept outside of their natural environment, they may copy unusual being given studying staying getting practicing 返回返回 返回返回 返回返回 分词分词包括现在分词和过去分词，在句中起形容词和副词的作用。分词包括现在分词和过去分词，在句中起形容词和副词的作用。(一一)分词的句法功能分词的句法功能1作状语作状语分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件

15、、伴随等状语。(1)现在分词现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的，它作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的，它们之间是主谓关系。们之间是主谓关系。Hearing the news, they got excited.听到这听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。个消息，他们很兴奋。(2)过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是动宾关系。句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是动宾关系。Seriously injured, she had to be sent to hospital at once.由于受伤严重，需要将由于受伤严重，需要将她立

16、刻送往医院。她立刻送往医院。现在分词+过去分词2作表语作表语表示事物的特征或性质时，表语用现表示事物的特征或性质时，表语用现在分词；表示人的内心感受时，表语用过去分词。在分词；表示人的内心感受时，表语用过去分词。Please describe a dog that is frightening.请描述一请描述一只令人害怕的狗。只令人害怕的狗。Please describe a dog that is frightened.请描述一只惊恐的狗。请描述一只惊恐的狗。3作定语作定语(1)作定语的及物动词的分词形式为作定语的及物动词的分词形式为doing, being done和和done。当被修饰的

17、名词与分词之间为主动关。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用系时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作正在进行时，用且表示分词动作正在进行时，用being done；当被修饰的；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作已完成时，用名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作已完成时，用done。I have never seen a more moving film.我没看过比这我没看过比这个更令人感动的电影。个更令人感动的电影。The houses being built are for the teachers.正在建的房

18、子是给老师的。正在建的房子是给老师的。The broken glass is Toms.这个打破了的杯子是汤姆的。这个打破了的杯子是汤姆的。(2)作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为doing和和done, doing表示正在进行；表示正在进行；done表示已经完成。表示已经完成。现在分词现在分词表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developing countries = countries that are developinga puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles

19、 somebody困扰人的问题发展中国家boiling water 正沸腾的水正沸腾的水boiled water 开水开水4作宾语补足语作宾语补足语(1)感官动词或短语感官动词或短语see, watch, observe, look at, listen to, notice及及keep, find等词可跟分词作宾语补足语。现在分词等词可跟分词作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系；作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系；过去分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是动过去分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是动宾关系。

20、宾关系。I saw him entering the bank. 我看见他正向银行里走。我看见他正向银行里走。(him与enter之间为逻辑上的主谓关系)I saw him operated on.(him与operate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系)我看见我看见(有人有人)给他做了手术。给他做了手术。(2)have, get后可接现在分词或过去分后可接现在分词或过去分词作宾语补足语。词作宾语补足语。They had the fire burning all night.(burn动作一直在进行)他们让火整夜烧着。他们让火整夜烧着。I will have my bike repaired tomor

21、row.(让别人去修)明天我要让人修一下我的自行车。明天我要让人修一下我的自行车。(二二)现在分词的时态和语态现在分词的时态和语态形式意义主动语态被动语态一般式与谓语动词的动作同时或稍后发生being done完成式 先于谓语动词的动作完成having donehaving been donedoingHaving finished his homework, he went to bed.完完成作业后，他上床睡觉了。成作业后，他上床睡觉了。The meeting being held now is of great importance. 现在正在开的会很重要。现在正在开的会很重要。必背一些固定的动词-ing形式短语，如generally speaking, judging from.,cons