Vingform复习公开课PPT课件

1、第1页/共89页 什么是非谓什么是非谓 语动词啊？语动词啊？ “非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语”, ,就是不是谓语的动词就是不是谓语的动词呗呗! !那不是谓语那不是谓语是什么呢？是什么呢？。第2页/共89页英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多动词： 加连词（and / but / so） She watched TV and ate snacks . 放入从句 She watched TV as he ate snacks. 变为非谓语动词 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语 第3页/共89页第4页/共89页动词变为v-ing的规则： 1.一般在动词后加ing,

2、 如：work-working study -studying do- doing2.动词以不发音的e 结尾，去掉e,加 ing。如：likeliking makemaking writewriting 3.以重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音，双写辅音字母再加ing 。setsetting runrunning swimswimming beginbeginning forgetforgetting preferpreferring 4.以ie结尾的变成y再加ing。如：die-dying lie-lying tie-tying第5页/共89页二、V-ing形式的各种时态和语态:时态一般式完成式

3、主动 被动 doinghaving donebeing done having been done否定式：not doing sth. 复合式：ones doing sth.第6页/共89页a. 一般式:V-ing1.动词V-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。例如：Swimming is her favorite sport. Learning is important to modern life.Arguing about it is a waste of time .Reading aloud is very helpful.第7页/共89页2. 动词V-ing形

4、式的一般式可用来表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作。They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. His father died, leaving him a large sum of money. Knowing his address, I dont still know how to go there .He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. 第8页/共89页3. 动词V-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。 I remembe

5、red sending him an e-mail last week. He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. They forget planting trees here five years ago. 第9页/共89页b.完成式: having done1.动词V-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 注意：在现代英语中，作宾语

6、的动词V-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. (=I rally regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.)We remembered seeing the film. (=We remembered having seen the film.)第10页/共89页c. V-ing的被动形式being done,表示它的逻辑主语是动词-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。这个动作通常是正在进行或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生。The quest

7、ion being discussed is very important. I cant stand being kept waiting. 第11页/共89页d. having done的被动形式having been done表示被动的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。 Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library.在被带去看了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。第12页/共89页e. ing form否定形式: not+ V-ing His not coming made everyone prese

8、nt very disappointed. Not knowing his phone number, we dont get in touch with him.Not finding the lost boy , they had to return to the home .第13页/共89页f.The function of V-ing 1.Learning a foreign language is very useful.2.I enjoy learning English.3.We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking b

9、y watching his or her body language.4. The music sounds exciting. ( 主语)(宾语) (表语) (宾语)第14页/共89页5. My job is teaching. 6. There is a swimming pool in our school. 7.The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. 8.W watch the children diving into the water from the top board.9.Hearing a sound ,the baby

10、 stopped crying .(表语)(定语)(定语)(宾补) (状语)第15页/共89页v ing形式的作用第16页/共89页一、ing 作主语直接置于句首1) 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的.Playing tricks on others is something we should never do2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 Learning new words is very important for me3)说比做容易。Talking is easier than doing.第17页/共89页用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表

11、语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。It is useless trying to argue with Shylock这事值得去做。 Its worth making the effort想再解释一次有好处吗?Is it any good trying to explainit again?跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。It is pleasant working with you第18页/共89页在there be no+doing结构中作主语 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do. 若要人不知，除非己莫为。There is no hid

12、ing of evil but not to do it这种事开不得玩笑。 Here is no joking about such matter.无法知道他什么时候离开 There was no knowing when he would leave. 第19页/共89页 归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做是没益/用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhi

13、le doing 做是值得的 There is no doing 无法 ， 不允许第20页/共89页 There is no sense in doing 做没有道理 There is/was no use doing 做无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比更糟的 There is/was no point doing 做无意义 There is no point doing such a silly thing. 第21页/共89页 注意：There is no need to do sth 做没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doi

14、ng. 没有必要告诉她。 There is no need to tell her. 第22页/共89页 注意：-ing的逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。 我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 My sisters being ill made me worried. 你正确未必就意味着我错了。 Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. 第23页/共89页二、作宾语 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest, appreciate, dislike

15、，delay，escape，imagine，postpone, mind，miss，practise，excuse，fancy ,risk , cannot stand, give up，put off，cannot help，feel like等。如： 我不能不去。 I cant avoid going 你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered looking for one special friend? 第24页/共89页记这类单词的口诀：第25页/共89页只能用动词-ing形式(作宾语)的动词(短语)：承认(admit)冒险(risk)别继续(keep)，理解(

16、understand)原谅(excuse)和感激(appreciate)；推迟(delay)享受(enjoy)真可惜，完成(finish) 想象 (imagine,fancy) 忙建议( suggest, advise )；避免(avoid, escape)介意(mind)别延期(put off) ，错过(miss)宽恕(forgive)不考虑(consider)；允许(allow, permit)抵制(resist, stand)又放弃(give up) 坚持(insist on)练习(practise)要牢记。The teacher suggested doing the experime

17、nt in another way.老师建议我们换种方法来做实验。Have you considered looking for a pen pal? 你是否考虑过找一位笔友？第26页/共89页1.作介词宾语 下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或v-ing形式： 第27页/共89页另外，几乎所有介词，都能用动词-ing形式作宾语，其中很多都是固定搭配。例如：dream of doing 梦想 have difficulty /trouble(in) doing 在有困难succeed in doing 在成功 第28页/共89页第29页/共89页 look forward to 盼望,

18、object to反对, pay attention to 注意, oppose to反对get/be used to习惯于, devote to致力于get down to着手, listen tobe accustomed to习惯于，stick to坚持apply oneself to致力于 contribute to 有助于be related to与有关 第30页/共89页 2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“ allowadviseforbidpermit 名词代词不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：

19、 We dont allow smoking here We dont allow anybody to smoke here 第31页/共89页3. need, require, want “需要被” +doing =to be doneeg: The TV set needs to be mended. =The TV set needs mending.4. begin, continue, hate, like, love +would like/ love +_doing =to doto do第32页/共89页5. 加加to do 和和 doing 意义不同的词：意义不同的词：(1

20、) forget/ regret/ remember+doing to do(2) go on to do / doing (3) mean to do / doing(4) stop to do / doing(5) try to do / doing(6) be used to do / doing used to do第33页/共89页3.动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式。如：The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫。第34页/共89页 2. My wife said in

21、her letter that she would appreciate _ from you sometime. A. to have heard B. to hear C. for hearing D. hearingExercises1. Mark often attempts to escape _ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined第35页/共89页3. The thief took away t

22、he womans wallet without_ A. being seen B. seeing C. him seeing D. seeing him5. No one can avoid _ by advertisements. A. to be influenced B. being influenced C. influencing D. having influence4. Ive enjoyed _ to talk with you. A. to be able B. being able C. to been able D. of being able第36页/共89页7. Y

23、ou cant help _ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another. A. to hear B. to be heard C. hearing D. with hearing 6. Your shirt needs _. Youd better have it done today. A. iron B. to iron C. ironing D. being ironed第37页/共89页8. He is very busy _ hi

24、s papers. He is far too busy _ callers. A. to write; to receive B. writing; to receive C. writing; receiving D. to write; for receiving9. Please stop _, boys, I have something important to _ you. A. saying; talk B. telling; say C. talking; speak D. talking; tell第38页/共89页10. “Why were you so late for

25、 work today?”“_ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.” A. Driving B. I drove C. To drive D. That I drove第39页/共89页三. -ing形式作宾语补足语1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作。 When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。第4

26、0页/共89页We found the snake eating the eggs. The boss kept them working 14 hours a day. We listen to the birds singing in the tree . I didnt notice him waiting for at the school gate . 第41页/共89页2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有look at, see, listen to，hear, feel, find, notice, observe等。如： We

27、 saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. Can you smell anything burning? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.第42页/共89页2) 表示让，使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：I wont have you doing it like that. This set me thinking of my

28、childhood.Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock stopping again.You wont catch me doing that again. 第43页/共89页3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： I saw the teacher go to the office . I saw the teacher going to the office. We hear her sing an English song . We hear h

29、er singing an English song . 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:第44页/共89页能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：它们记住：hear，listen to， make，let，have，look at，see，watch， observe， notice，find ,feel。对了，用“两听、三让、四看、注意两听、三让、四看、注意找到感觉找到感觉”。多简单！第45页/共89页1. When I put my hand on h

30、is chest, I could feel his heart still_. A. having beat B. beating C. beaten D. to beat Exercise2. The sun _ in the west looks even more beautiful. A. setting B. being set C. that setting D. to be set第46页/共89页3. The house _ now is our library. A. repaired B. being repaired C. to be repaired D. which

31、 is repaired4. Who is the man talking to our headmaster? A professor _ a visit to our school. A. pays B. is paying C. paid D. paying第47页/共89页5.There was a terrible noise_the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D.being followed、6.The _ boys were last seen_ near the river

32、. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play第48页/共89页7. Mr. Smith, _of the _speech, started to read a novel. (NMET2003) A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 、8. The picture _on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C

33、. hangs D. being hung第49页/共89页 四. -ing形式作表语（1） -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如： Her hobby is painting. My job is looking after the children. 第50页/共89页-ing分词作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。如：This story is very interesting. 这故事很有趣。The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。第51页/共89页动词ing作表语与进行时态的区别： 动词-

34、ing形式可用在系动词后面作表语，说明主语的性质或情况，多表示一般性的或抽象的行为而进行时态表示主语正在做什么（动作在进行） 。试比较：Mike is listening to music. 迈克正在听音乐。(当前正在进行的动作)Mikes favorite hobby is listening to music. 迈克最大的爱好是听音乐。(说明主语的情况)Teachers job is teaching .The teacher is teaching the boy history . 第52页/共89页五、-ing形式作定语1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表

35、示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态第53页/共89页ing分词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能。如：reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 fishing pole 鱼杆 flying suit 飞行服 writing table写字台 listening practice 听力训练a walking stick a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walkinga washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which

36、is used for washinga reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for readinga walking stick 第54页/共89页-ing分词作定语还可以表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。如：developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普

37、通的房子working people= people who are working 劳动人民第55页/共89页2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. The man standing there is Peters father.= The man who is standing there is Peters father. 第56页/共89页3. -ing形式短语也

38、可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。第57页/共89页六. v-ing作状语When they heard the news, they went wild with joy .= Hearing the news, they went wild with joy.When you see

39、 from the top of the hill, you will find the city really beautiful.= Seeing from the top of the hill, you will find the city really beautiful.Because you are a student, you should know how to behave.= Being a student, you should know how to behave.第58页/共89页Because the boy doesnt finish his work ,he

40、cant go out as he planed.=Not finishing his work, the boy cant go out as he planed.Because the computer has been used for a long time, it needs repairing.=Having been used for a long time, the computer needs repairing.As Tom listened to his walkman, he came in the room. =Listening to his walkman, To

41、m came in the room. 第59页/共89页 While many poets were visiting the tower, they wrote poems about it._, they wrote poems about it.Visiting the towerSince I have visited Mo Mountain many times, I am familiar with it._ Mo Mountain many times, I am familiar with it.Having visited第60页/共89页 Since Mo Mountai

42、n has been visited many times,it is familiar to me._ many times,Mo Mountain is familiar to me.Having been visitedBecause it was built in 223AD, the Yellow Crane Tower has a long history. _, the Yellow Crane Tower has a long history.Built in 223AD第61页/共89页 European football is played in more than 80

43、countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET 1998) A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 状元状元365答疑网答疑网中小学在线互动答疑领导品牌第62页/共89页v-ing作状语可以表示时间, 原因, 结果,条件, 行为方式或伴随动作等.Using your head, youll find a good way.条件Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. 原因 The child slipped and fell, hitting his

44、head against the door.结果(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened.时间Knowing the answer, the boy raised his hand.原因第63页/共89页 对比对比：v-ing形式作状语，与主语之间是形式作状语，与主语之间是_关系；关系；v-ed作状语，与主语之间是作状语，与主语之间是_关系；不定式关系；不定式to do作状语，作状语， 表示表示_.主动主动被动被动目的、原因、结果目的、原因、结果eg: 他们走了进来，妻子们跟随在后。他们走了进来，妻子们跟随在后。They came in, _ (fo

45、llow) by their wives.followedeg: 他们跟着他们的妻子走了进来。他们跟着他们的妻子走了进来。They came in, _ (follow) their wives.following第64页/共89页eg: 我们睡在一起以保持暖和。我们睡在一起以保持暖和。We slept together _ (keep) warm.to keepeg: 从山上看这座城市非常壮观。从山上看这座城市非常壮观。_ from the hill, the city looks magnificent.Seen第65页/共89页Attention Please -ing形式作状语时, 它

46、的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。如果不一致要用独立主格结构。例如：Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. =if time permits, I will pay a visit to the whole city.(分词的逻辑主语是time , 而句子的主语是I , 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。)第66页/共89页Weather permitting, theyll go for a walk along the river. 注意：V-ing 及其短语作定语相当于一个

47、定语从句；作状语则相当于一个状语从句。 第67页/共89页动词ing形式的复合结构 动词ing形式的复合结构指动名词前有其逻辑主语。复合结构通常由“物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+动词ing”构成，在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格，通常在句中作主语和宾语。His coming made us very happy.He was awakened by someones knocking at the door.I dont mind your opening the window.I enjoyed listening to Johns singing.歌。 第68页

48、/共89页七. 现在分词的被动式现在分词的被动式表示一个被动动作， 这个动作通常是正在进行的， 或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生。That building being repaired is our dormitory.正在维修的那幢楼是我们的宿舍。第69页/共89页I often watch the trucks being loaded with coal. 我常常看卡车装煤。Being asked to put on a performance , she refused.有人请她表演一个节目，她拒绝了。第70页/共89页有时还有完成被动式 Having been asked to sta

49、y ,I couldnt very well leave. 人家请我留下，我就不好离开了。 Having been given such a good chance , how could you let it slip away? 人家给了你这样一个好机会，你怎么轻易放过。第71页/共89页八. 现在分词的否定形式 现在分词的否定式 not + V-ing 完成式的否定式 not + having done Not knowing how to dye the silk red , he went to her for help. 由于不知道怎样把丝绸染成红色，他去向她求教。 Not hav

50、ing heard from her son for a long time , the mother worried a great deal. 由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。 第72页/共89页九. 现在分词和过去分词的区别 现在分词和过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间关系上。 1 .语态上的不同： 现在分词表主动的意思，而由及物动词变来的过去分词表示被动和完成的意思。 试比较： the exploiting classes 剥削阶级 （主动） the exploited classses 被剥削阶级 （被动） a moving film 一部感人的影片（主动） a move

51、d audience 受感动的观众（被动）第73页/共89页也有一些过去分词是由不及物动词变来的，它们只表示一个完成的动作，没有被动的意思。 the fallen leaves 落叶 the exploded bomb 爆炸了的炸弹 retired workers 退休工人 returned students 归国学生第74页/共89页China is a developing country .(进行)America is a developed country .（完成） I heard someone opening the door. 我听见有人开门。 (进行) I heard the

52、 door opened. 我听见门给打开了。 （被动和完成）第75页/共89页2 时间关系上的不同：一般说来，现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行，而过去分词所表示的动作往往已经完成。试比较： the changing world 正在变化着的世界 the changed world 已经起了变化的世界 第76页/共89页boiling water 正在沸腾的水 boiled water 已经煮开过的水 （可能是凉开水） developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 a falling leaf 正在落下的叶子 a fallen leaf

53、 一片落叶第77页/共89页第78页/共89页1.The students went out of the classroom, _（说说笑笑）(talk)talking and laughingdoing the experimentfollowed by his girlfriend3.We saw the teacher_.（做实验）(do)2.He entered the room, _ (后面跟着女朋友）(follow)4.The trees _ (被吹倒的) in the storm have been moved off the road. (blow down)blown do

54、wn1第79页/共89页2._ many times , he still couldn t understand it. (tell)Having been told1. The _ girl sat in the corner, _. A.frighten, crying B. frightened, cryingC. frightened, cried D. frightening, crying3.The building _ (正在修建的) now will be a restaurant .(build)being built4. The building _last year i

55、s a restaurant. (build)built2第80页/共89页3. The question _（正在被讨论的）（discuss) now is important.being discussed1.He stood there_ (等待) for his mother . (wait)2._ (等待) for two hours , he went away. (wait)waitingHaving waited4. Whats the language _ in Germany? (speak) spoken3第81页/共89页1.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _(举办) in Beijing in 2008. (hold)held2.The lecture was so _ that we were all _. A. inspiring, exci