八年级英语冠词的用法

1、八年级英语上 冠词详解冠词不能单独使用 ,也没有词义 ,它用在名词的前面 ,帮助指明名词的含义 。冠词分为不定冠词 "a ， an" 、定冠词 "the" 和零冠词 "(/)" 三种。这三种冠词主要围绕 “泛指”、“特指”与“类指” 展开。1. "a 和 an" 的用法1) . 用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示" 一 "There is a tiger in the zoo.动物园里有一只老虎。A hundred and more people attended this meeting. 10

2、0多人参加了这次会议。2 ) . 表示一类人或事物A tiger can be dangerous.老虎可能有危害性。3) . 表示 "某一个 " 的意思A gentleman wants to see you.有一位先生要见你。4) . 表示 " 同一 " 的意思They are nearly of an age.他们几乎同岁。The two shirts are much of a size.这两件衬衫大小差不多。5) . 表示 " 每一 " 的意思We go swimming four times a week.我们每周去游泳四

3、次。6 ) . 用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业My mother is a teacher.我妈妈是教师。7 ) . 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter. 很久很久以前，有一个年老的国王，他有一个非常美丽的女儿。8 ) . 在英国英语中，以 "h" 开头的多音节词，如第一个音节不重读，其前亦可用 "an"He plays soccer for an hour.他踢一个小时足球。9 ) . 在感叹句

4、what. 的句式中What a pretty girl she is!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀！用在某些表示数量的词组中：a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多a dozen 一打(但也可以用one dozen ) a great deal of 大量10) .用语习惯用语中all of a sudden 突然 as a result 结果 a little 一点；一些 a bit 一点a great many=a very large number of许多；大量 a great deal(of.)许多 a lot(of.) 许多 have-a

5、 cold 感冒 have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time玩得高兴 pay a visit 拜访2. the 的用法1). 用以特指某(些)人或某(些)事物This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。2) . 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物Open the door, please. 请把门打开。3) . 用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或 an”，以后再次提到用 “the ”)Once there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the

6、 lion asked small animals to look for food for him. 从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。4) . 用在序数词和形容词最高级前January is the first month of the year.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。9 / 9He is always the first to come and the last to leave.Shanghai is the biggest city in China.5). 表示地球、宇宙等独一无二的事物 the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮6). 指由普通名

7、词构成的专有名词the West Lake 西湖 the Great Wallthe Browns 布朗一家 the English7). 表示地点、方位、时间 用于表示地点、方位，具体的时间或某天的一部分等。 in the east 在东方 in the west 在西方 in the front 在前面 在底部 at the top 在顶部on the right 在右边海峡、海湾等地理名词前the Huanghe River黄河天山山脉 the Taiwan Straits台湾海峡他总是第一个来最后一个离开。上海是中国最大的城市。the earth 地球 the sky 天空 the w

8、orld 世界长城 the United States 美国 the United Nations 英国人 the WTO 世界贸易组织联合国in the bottom8). 在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋at the back 在后面on the left 在左边the Tianshan Mountains9). 在姓氏复数前，表示一家人The Bakers came to see me yesterday. 贝克一家人昨天来看我。10). 和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物the poor 穷人the good 好人11). 用在表示阶

9、级、the working class12). 用于西洋乐器前(民族乐器前不加)play the piano弹钢琴*中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用the+n 发明物 必须是单数13). 某些固定的表达法in the morning 在早上go to the cinema去看电影14). the 加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物The horse is a useful animal.the rich 富人 the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员 the beautiful 美丽的事物 政党的名词前工人阶级the Chinese Communist Partyplay the vio

10、lin拉小提琴:play erhu( 二胡 ) who invented the telephone?in the afternoon 在下午in the eveningall the year round一年到头马是一种有用的动物。中国共产党在晚上on the way to 前往 . 去的路上注意：像这类句子还有如下两种写法A horse is a useful animal.Horses are useful animals.15). 在句型 “动词 +sb.+take sb. by the arm介词 +the+ 抓住某人的手臂身体某一部位 ”中要用 thehit sb. in the

11、face打某人的脸be red in the face 脸红be lame in the right leg16) 用在世纪或逢十 in the18th century17) 用于报刊 杂志the Xian incident右腿瘸 等结构中 , 名词前要用 the 1990 的复数名词前 在 18 世纪in the 1960s会议 条义 历史 时期 西安事变在 20 世纪朝代的名词前60 年代18) 多与民族 国籍的形容词连用the chinese are brave hard-working people中国人是勤劳和勇敢的人3.零冠词的用法1 ) . 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前一般不加

12、冠词 (/)China 中国 (/)Europe 欧洲 (/)Money在特指时加冠词)金钱 (/)Music 音乐(/)Lei Feng 雷锋 (/)William Shakespeare 威廉 ·莎士比亚2 ) . 月份、星期、节日 前一般不加冠词(在特指时加冠词)(/)January 一月份 (/)Sunday 星期日 (/)Christmas Day圣诞节 (/)Thanksgiving 感恩节(/)National Day国庆节 (/)May Day 劳动节比较： .on a Sunday morning.在一个星期天的早晨 . (表示某一个。)注 : 民族节日前要加 th

13、e 如 :the Spring Festival3 ) . 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词I have (/)lunch at (/)school.我在学校吃午餐。(/)Summer is the best season for swimming.夏天是游泳的好季节。比较： I had a big lunch yesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。(表示某一个)The dinner given by Mr Smith was very nice.史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。(表示特指)比较： I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii

14、.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。 (表示特指)4 ) . 进行球类运动play (/) basketball 打篮球 play (/) volleyball 打排球 play (/) football 踢足球5 ) . 没有特指的物质名词This cart is made of (/) wood. 这辆手推车是用木头作的。比较： The wood outside was all wet. 外面的那些木头都湿了。(表示特指)6 ) . 没有特指的不可数抽象名词(/) Time is precious. 时间是宝贵的。比较： The time of the play was 199

15、0s.这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。(表示特指)7 ) . 没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。I like (/) tomatoes. 我喜欢西红柿。8 ) . 山峰(/) Mount Qomolangma珠穆朗玛峰9) . 指职位、头衔的词 ，如 king ， captain ， president ， chairman ， leader 等。He is (/ 或 the) captain of the team.他是球队的队长。As (/ 或 the) chairman of the committee, I declare the meeting open. 作为委员会主席，我宣布会

16、议开始。比较： The Captain of Morritius(荷兰殖民时期)毛里求斯首长冠词和三餐的搭配三餐名词单独使用时，之前通常不加冠词 三餐名词之前若加形容词时则除外：We have (/) breakfast at eight 我们 8 点钟吃早饭。He gave us a good breakfast 他请我们吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。识记与比较At table 在进餐at school 在上学 in bed 卧床at the table 在桌子旁边 at the school 在学校里at desk 在读书 in class 在上课at the desk 在课桌旁in the cla

17、ss 在班级里面in hospital 住院in the bed 在床上 in prison 坐牢in the hospital(因事)在医院in the prison (因事)在监狱go to school 去上学 go to bed 上床睡觉 go to hospital 去看病go to the school（因事）去学校go to the bed （ 因事 ） 在床上go to the hospital （ 因事 ） 去医院out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question完全不可能通常使用不定冠词的短语 all of a sudden突然in a wor

18、d 总而言之come to a conclusionhave a cold 感冒 make a fire 生火as a result 结果，因此in a hurryIt 's a pity that 令 人遗憾的是 得出结论have a good timehave a word with 和谈一谈make a fool of愚弄take a walk急忙in a waycome to an end 玩得愉快have a rest在某种程度上 结束 休息一下1. - By the way, have you gote-mail address?A. aB. anC. theD. /mak

19、e a living 谋生散步- Oh, yes, it is swimonland .2. - Mike ，A. a- OK ，Mum. I'm coming now.could you come and give me hand?B. an C the .D 不填3. How many can you see in the following pictures? Three.A. boyB. animals C. bread D. building4. Timmy goes to school every day. It's 5 minutes' walk from

20、 his home to school.A. in a busB. by planeC. on footD. by boat5. Everything is at night markets. You don't need a lot of money to have a good time.A. cheapB. badC. tiredD. dear6. Excuse me, is the nearest bookshop?Go down the street and turn left at the second corner.A. howB. whatC. where D. who

21、7. The sign tells us .A. NO SMOKINGB. NO PARKINGC. NO PHOTOS D. NO FOOD8. Can you play football? Yes, I can, I can't play it very well.A. orB. and C. so D. but9. Last month, students had to have their lessons by internet because of SARS.A. on the playgroundB. at homeC. in the streetD. near the h

22、ospital10. It is today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon?A .the hottestB. hotC. hottest D. hotter11. Listen! Some of the girls about Harry Potter. Let's join them!A. are talkingB. talkC. will talkD. talked12. Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 200

23、8 Olympics.A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand ofD. Thousands of13. Our teacher, Miss Chen, English on the radio the day before yesterday.A. teachesB. taughtC. will teachD. had taught14. Do you know during the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom doB. what did Tom doC. what Tom will doD. what Tom

24、 did15. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are new words in it.A. a littleB. littleC. a few D. few16. I don't think I you in that dress before.A. have seen B. was seeing C. saw D. see17. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures a camera.A. as B. for C. like D. of18.

25、You want sandwich? Yes, I usually eat a lot when I'm hungry.D. the otherA. other B. another C. others19. Don't you think you should paint the wall? Who would ?A. see B. lookC. watch D. notice20. I forgot to bring my notebook. A. Help yourself C. No problem. You can borrow some paper from me.

26、B. I'm sorryD. So careless老师版1. -By the way, have you got e-mail address?-Oh, yes, it is swimonland .A. aB. anC. theD. /2.- Mike ，could you come and give mehand? - OK ， Mum. I'm coming nowA. aB. anC the.D 不填3. How many can you see in the following pictures? Three.A. boysB. animals C. filmsD.

27、 buildings4. Timmy goes to school every day. It's 5 minutes' walk from his home to school.A. in a busB. by planeC. on footD. by boat5. Everything is at night markets. You don't need a lot of money to have a good time.A. cheapB. badC. tiredD. dear6. Excuse me, is the nearest bookshop? Go

28、down the street and turn left at the second corner.A. howB. whatC. where D. who7. The sign tells us .A. NO SMOKINGB. NO PARKING C. NO PHOTOS D. NO FOOD8. Can you play football? Yes, I can, I can't play it very well.转折关系A. orB. and C. so D. but9. Last month, students had to have their lessons by

29、internet because of SARS.A. on the playgroundB. at homeC. in the streetD. near the hospital10. It is today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon?A .the hottestB. hotC. hottestD. hotter11. Listen! Some of the girls about Harry Potter. Let's join them!A. are talkingB. talkC. will tal

30、kD. talked出现 listen,look 等词，优先考虑使用进行时态。12. Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympics.A. Thousand B. ThousandsC. Thousand ofD. Thousands of数字 +thousand 原形正确 Thousands of 正确，其他形式不正确13. Our teacher, Miss Chen, English on the radio the day before yesterday.A. teache

31、s B. taughtC. will teachD. had taught14. Do you know during the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom doB. what did Tom doC. what Tom will doD. what Tom did考虑两点问题就能解题： 1语序：陈述语序 2时态：看时间状语15. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are new words in it.A. a littleB. littleC. a few D. few判断标准： 1

32、 Little few 的区别 2肯定还是否定16. I don't think I you in that dress before.A. have seen B. was seeing C. saw D. see17. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures a camera.A. asB. forC. likeD. of18. You want sandwich? Yes, I usually eat a lot when I'm hungry.A. otherB. anotherC. other

33、sD. the other19. Don't you think you should paint the wall? Who would ?A. see B. look C. watch D. notice20. I forgot to bring my notebook. . You can borrow some paper from me.A. Help yourselfB. I'm sorry C. No problemD. So careless6 / 9答案： BABCA CADBD ADBCD ACBDC额外多余练习题1. Tomorrow is Teacher

34、s' Day and we'll make card for our English teacher.2. The bus is running about seventy miles hour.3. Mary is interested in science.4. Some people don't like to talk at table.5. Last night I went to bed very late.6. Don't worry. We still have little time left.7. What beautiful day! An

35、d what fine weather!8. In winter it is cold in Beijing and warm in Shanghai.9. John is cleverest boy in his class.10. We can't live without water or air.11. Tomorrow Mr. Smith will leave Paris, capital of France, for Washington by air.12. We were having lunch when they came in.13. This is book y

36、ou gave me last week.14. What did you do last Saturday?15. March 8 is Women's Day.16. If weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park.17. I prefer playing piano to playing basketball.18. At age of five, he read a lot of books.19. Tom and Lucy are of same age.20. harder we study, more we lear

37、n.21 Cindy is amazing singer. She has lots of fans. A. a B. anC. the D. 不填22. -Why do you like Mary? -Because she ishonest girl. ?A.a B.anC. the23. Jenny is American.She works in company in China now.A.an;a B.an;the C.a;an24. -What would you like for breakfast,Mr.Green?-Two pieces of bread andcup of

38、 tea,pleaseA.a;the B./;a C./;the25. Avatar （阿凡达） is suchwonderful science fiction movie that I want to see it second time.A.a,a B.a,the C./,the D./,a26. There is local shop for people to buy daily things in the small village.A.a B.an C.theD. 不填27. Many people think that 2012 is one of most successfu

39、l films.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填28.If you go by train,you can have quitecomfortable joueney,but make sure you takefast one.A.a;a B.the;a C.the;theD. 不填 ;a29. It's reported that a terrible rainstorm hit south of our country.A. a B. theC. /D. an30. My sister can playviolin very well.A.the B.a C./31

40、. -Look !What's that moving high up in sky?-It must beplane.A.a;the B.the;/ C.the;a D./;a32. -How was dinner at Mike's house?-It was great.Mike's mum is wonderful cook.A.a,the B.the,a C.the,the D.a,an33. -What shall we have for supper?-I bought big fish atonly market near my office.A.a;a

41、 B.a;the C.the ; 不填34. Medicine is dangerous for children,so it should be kept away them.A.by B.to C.from35. -May I have a look at the MP4 sir?-Which one?black one?A.A B.An C.TheD. 不填36. 一 Shall we payvisit to Expo 2010 ， Shanghai?一 No ， I'd rather stay at home and playfootballA a; theB the ； a

42、C 不填， the D a ，不填37. There are sixty minutes in hour.A. aB. an C. the38. -Lingling !Do you know woman in white?-Yes.She is nurse in Liaocheng People's Hospital.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the ;a39. We often take part in after class activities（活动） ,I like to playbasketball,but my brother likes topl

43、ayguitar.A.a;the B.the;theC. 不填 ,不填D. 不填 ,the40. -What do you want to be when you grow up?-actor like Jet Li.A.An B.A C.The D./41. -Bob, you look so happy today!-Well ， I got A on my English test AtheB aCanD/42. -May I have a look at book tonight?-Of course, you can. I have old one at home.A. the; aB. a; the C. the; anD. the; the43. Every one of you is looking forward getting a good result. Better think carefully before writingdown your answers. Wish you success!A. onB. inC. t