初中英语固定句型词组及重要知识点.

1、中学英语固定句型，词组及重要学问点 一句型 一such+ 名 词 性 词 组 +that so+ 形容词 /副词 +that 如此以致例如： 1she is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好老师，我们都爱她；2it was such a hot day that they didn t go out for a walk as u这su么a热l.没有像平常一样去漫步；留意点：的天气，他们1.such+a+ 形容词 +名词 +that，可以改写成：so+ 形容词 +a+ 名词 +that，例句 1 可以改写成： she is so go

2、od a teacher that we all love her.2. 在 such+ 形容词 +名词复数或不行数名词+that结构中，形容词假如是many/few或much/little时， 用 so 不用 such ，即：so+many/few+不行数名词 +that可数名词复数 +that，so+much/little+(1) there are so many people in theroom that i can t get房in间.里人太多，我进不去；(2) the man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小

3、汽车；句型 二（就近一样）there be， eitheror， neithernor， not onlybut also例如： 1there is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔；2not only you but also i have been to the great wall.你和我都没有去过长城； 3either you or i am leaving for shanghai.要么你去上海，要么我去上海； 4neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对；5both jack

4、and tim are english.jack 和 tim 是英国人；留意点：当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要考虑“就近原就 ”，对比 bothand 来记忆， bothand连接主语时视为复数；句型 三enough+ 名词 +to do 有足够的做某事 形容词 /副词 +enough+to do 足够做某事例如： 1there is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会；2the boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气够大，能

5、搬动这只箱子；留意点：enough 做副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子可以用 so that 句型改写；例句 2 可以改写为： the boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box. 这个男孩力气很大，能搬动这只箱子；句型 四too.to.too+ 形容词 /副词 +to do 太以致不能例如： 1i was too excited to say a word.我兴奋得一个字也说不出来；2tom is too short to reach the apple. tom太矮了，拿不到那个苹果留意点：这是一个否定句型，不能在不定式

6、前加not ，可以用sothat结构改写，例如例句1可以改写成：i was so excited that i couldnt say a word.句型 五so that以便 / 以致例如： 1they studied hard so that they could pass the exam.他们学习很努力，为了能通过考试；2they started early so that they caught the early bus.他们起得很早，结果赶上了早班车；留意点：在例句 1 中, 是引导目的状语；在例句2 中，是引导结果状语；一般来讲，从句中含有情态动词的，为目的状语；无情态动词的，

7、为结果状语；句型 六祈使句 +then/or/and+陈述句例如： 1work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life.努力工作，你就会过上幸福生活；2hurry up, or we will be late for school.快点，否就我们上学就迟到了；留意点：以上句型都可以用条件状语从句来改写；例句 2 可以改写成： if we don t hurry up,we ll be late for school.句型 七1it s time for st是h. 干某事的时间了； it s time for sb to do sth

8、.该干某事了；it ismte that sb did sth.该干某事了；例如： 1 it s time for the meeting该. 开会了； 2it s time for us to go to school.我们该上学了；3it s high time that you went to bed. 你该上床休息了；留意点：在句型 3 中，可以在time 前加 rush 、 high 等修饰词，这个句型是虚拟语气的一种，含有“稍迟一点 ”的含义；而 2 就是 “正是干某事的时候”；句型 八" 花费 ”(1) it takes sb. some time to do sth.

9、干某事花某人一些时间(2) sb. spend some time on sth./in doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花时间干某事 3sb. spend some money on sth./in doing sth.某人花钱在某物上/花钱干某事 4sth. cost sb. some money 某事花某人一些钱5 sb. pay some money for sth.某人为某事 物付钱例如： 1it took me two hours to write the letter.写这封信花了我两小时的时间；(2) he spends half an hour in reading

10、english every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语；(3) he spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小时做家务；(4) the bike cost me 298 yuan.这辆自行车花了我298 元；5i spent 298 yuan on the bike.我买这辆自行车花了298元；6i paid 298 yuan for the bike.我花了 298 元买这辆自行车；留意点： cost 主语一般为物；spend 、pay 主语一般为人；例1 中 it 用做形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语；句型 九提建议1w

11、hy not do.为什么不干某事？ 2let s do 让我们干某事吧； 3shall we do.我们干某事好吗？(4) would you like something/to do sth.你想.要什么吗？你想要干吗？(5) will you please do请.你干某事好吗？(6) what how about doing.干某事怎么样？例如： 1why not go and ask our teacher.good idea.let为s 什go么.想法！走吧！不去问问老师？好(2) shall we go out for a walk.no, let物园吧；s go tothe z

12、oo.我们去漫步怎么样？不，我们去动(3) will you please fetch some chalks for me.请你给我拿些粉笔，好吗？(4) what about singing an english song. wonderful.唱首英语歌曲怎么样？好极了！留意点：这些句型都是表示“建议 ”的句子，可视为同义句；句型 十(1) let s go out for a walk,shall we. 让我们出去漫步，好吗？(2) read the book carefully,will you.认真读书，好吗？留意点：在这两个句型中，2 所代表的祈使句，一般用will you 构

13、成反意疑问句；在1中 let s表示包括 “我”在内， 用 shall we ，但如是 let us ，表示不包括 “我”在内， 就用 will you ；例如： let us go out for a walk,will you.你让我们出去散漫步，好吗？句型 十一 倒装句so+be/ 助动词 /情态动词 +主语 也neither/nor+be/助动词 /情态动词 + 主语 也不例如： 1he can sing a lot of english songs,so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲，她也是；(2) she speaks english very well,so do i.她英

14、语说得好，我也是；(3) li lei hasnreatd this book,neither has lin feng.李蕾没看过这本书，林风也没看过；留意点： 这两个句型都表示和前面所陈述的内容相同，用倒装句； 要留意和“ so+主语 +be/助动词 /情态动词 的确是 ”相区分，试对比一下例2 ： a ：she speaks english very well.她英语说得很好；b ：so she does.的确是这样；句型 十二 否定的转移i don t think his answer is right. 我认为他的答案不对；例如： 1i can t believe she is ri

15、ght我.信任她是不对的；2you don t think they will come tomorrow, do you. 你认为他们明天不会来，是吗？留意点： think 、believe 、suppose等接宾语从句时，表示否定时否定主句；变为反意疑问句时，如主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从句的主谓语保持一样，如主句主语是其他人称，与主句主谓语保持一样；例 1 变为反意疑问句应为：i can t believe she is right,is she.（在某些情形下，这种否定也可能不转移，如有爱好，可上网查找“否定不转移 ” 二中学英语重要句型25 组）1. there be结构a. 这

16、是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物 ”其含义为 “存在有 ”；eg.there are twenty girls in our class.have也说明为 “有”但是与 there be 有区分，它的含义是“全部，属有 ”，其主语为某人；eg.i have a nice watch.b.there be结构中的be 动词要和后面所跟名词保持一样；c, there be结构的否定和疑问构成方式：2. there is a rivernear our school.否： there is not a river near our school.问： is there a river nea

17、r our school.回答： yes, there is. no, there isnt.划 how many rivers are there near our school. whats near our school.d.t here be结构的一般将来时，同学们较难把握，其正确形式为：there is going to bee. 反意疑问句的构成：there is no water in the glass, is there. there is going to a football match this afternoon. a.haveb.watchc.bed.play th

18、ey were sure that they were going to a rest.a. beb.havec.be ond.on2. so,neither引导的倒装句a. so+be 助动词，情态动词+主语；表示某人也是如此； eg.mike has bought some foreign stamps.so has bob.=bob has bought some,too. b.neither+be助动词，情态动词主语，表示某人也不；eg.mother has never been to japan.neither has father.=father has never been to

19、 japan, either.c.so 主语 be 助动词，情态动词；表示果真如此赞同 ,请与 a. 区分； eg.a:mike is right in the classroom.b:so he is.=he is really in the class room.3. it时s+间 +since 动词过去式；自从.起已有 . 时间了； it s two weesk since we met last.自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了 how long is it since we left beijing.自从我们离开北京已有多久了4. 祈使句 +and 那么 .eg.go straight

20、 on and you ll see a school. =if you go straight on, you ll see a school.5. 祈使句 +or. 否就 .eg.work hard, or you will fall behind the other students.=if you don t work hard, you ll fall behind the other. 6. the+ 比较级 . ，the+ 比较级 . 越 . 越.eg. the more, the better.越多越好； the harder you work on it, the bette

21、r youll be a你t it越. 用功，你就越好；7.how do you like the film.=what do you think of the film. 你认为这部电影怎样？ 8.what.do with.怎样应付 . 怎样处理 .=whatdeal with.虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不行照字面翻译为how. eg.a:what have you one with the library book.b:i ve just returned it to the library.9.i don t know what to do我.不知道该怎么办？i don t know how

22、 to doit.10. what.be like.是什么样的？eg. what s the weather like. 天气如何？ whats your s chool like. 你们学校是什么样的？11. what.for.为何目的？为什么？eg.what do you want a science lab for.=why do you want a science lab. 12.one of +最高级复数最. 之一eg.miss zhao is one of the most popular teachers. 13.findfeelthink it +形容词 +to doeg.i

23、 find it useful to learn english well. 我发觉学好英语是很有用的 find + 宾语+名词eg.i find him a good boy. 我发觉他是个好男孩.find + 宾语+形容词eg.i find the door open/closed. 我发觉门开 /关着 i find our bags filled with/full of presents. 我发觉我们的包装满了礼物14.i don t think肯+定句我想 . 不eg.i don t think i ll tak我e 想it. 我 不买它了请留意 :中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表

24、达否定在主句中； 15.prefer a to b=like a better than b更喜爱 a 不怎么喜爱b.eg. i prefer fish to chicken.= i like fish better than chicken prefer to do rather than dowould rather do than do= would do rather than do 16.had better do sth.最好干某事 .否定 :had better not do sth.特殊留意 :had better后面跟 be 动词词组 , 不行漏掉be. eg.you d b

25、etter catch a train.you d better not talk in class. you d better not be late for the class.17. it is good nice of+宾格 +to do sth. it is easy important for+宾格 +to do sth.eg.it is very good of you to teach me english. 你教我英语真是太好了18. it takes sb. some time to do sth.干某事化费某人多少时间=sb.spend some time on sth.

26、 in doing sth.eg.it took me half an hour to do the work.=i spent half anhourin doing the work.19. sb.pay钱 for 物 某物化费了某人多少钱=sb.spend钱 on 物= 物 cost sb. 钱pay 的过去式为paid 而不是 payed. eg.i paid thirty yuan for the coat.=i spent thirty yuan on the coat.=the coat cost me thirty yuan.20. have been to某人曾去过某地,现在

27、人不在那儿 sb.have been in+地点某人呆在某地一段时间 have gone to某人已去某地,人不在这儿21. too形容词 副词 +to"太而不能 " " 太以致于不 "eg. the basket is too heavy for me to carry.这篮子太重我拿不动； this colour tv is too expensive for us to buy.这台彩电对我们来说太贵了，买不起； so.that如此 . 以致于 .上面的 too.to结构的句子，可以换成so.that引导的句子转换； the basket is s

28、o heavy that i cant carry it. this colour tv is so expensive that we cant afford it. 22.what s the population of . .人口有多少？不说 how much population in.形容人口数量的大用large eg.the population of china is ten times as large as that of the usa23.i ve come to return your pan. 我跑来是仍你锅的 why have you come.而不用what24.

29、 not.until 连词 直到 - 才eg.he says that he won t be free until tomorrow.他说他需到明天方才有空；确定句 until 到eg.you d better wait until to morrow. 你最好等到明天25. neither.nor.既不 . 也不 .either.or. 或者 . 或者 .not only-but also不仅 -而且eg.neither tom nor his brothers know how to spell the word "hundred".either you or she

30、 is right. 谓语动词就近原就both.and. 两者都 .eg.both jim and i are in grade one 主语看作复数 练习题：1.-where is mary.-oh, she the librory.a. has gone tob.went toc.has been tod.had gone to 2.he knew little about the film he saw it yesterday evening.a.ifb.sincec.untild.because3.i change his mind. don t worry, he ll surel

31、y come to get it.a. think he won t b.think he willc.don t think he wond.dton t think he will4.- do you the tv play.- not bad, i think. a.how;think of b.what;like c.how;like d.what;think5. i have a good time the party.a.hope you will;atb.like you; onc.hope you to ;ind.want you that; from完成句子：1. 中国有多少

32、人口，中国的人口大约是世界人口的四分之一； the population of china.it s about of the world s population.2. 门铃始终响着，直到门被林涛打开才停；the doorbell until the door was opened by lin tao.3. 午饭后他休息了一会儿，我也休息了一会儿；he had a short rest after lunch, and i.4. 史密斯夫妇离开他们的家乡已有十多年时间了； more than ten years mr and mrs smith left their home town.5

33、. 公共汽车里挤得几乎连站的地方都没有.the bus was crowded that there was hardly standing room in it.摸索题：1 、做饭花了她半个小时；it half an hour some cooking.=i half an hour some cooking.2 、你真好，常常在数学上帮忙我；it s really nice you to me my .3 、lily 跑得不快，赢不了竞赛；lily run quickly the race.=lily the race.4 、在美术课上做一张老师节卡片怎样？ a teachers day

34、card the art lesson.5 、足球是我校最受欢迎的运动项目之一；football is games in our school. 三英语五类重点必知句型一、常使用动词不定式的短语1 、it s time to do sth. it s time fo该r 作sth某事的时候了.2 、can t wait to do sth.迫不及待要作某事3 、ask tell sb. not to do sth.要求 /告知某人 不作某事4 、allow sb. to do sth.答应某人作某事5 、be supposed to do sth.应当作某事6 、would like /wan

35、t sb. to do sth.想要作某事7 、have sth/nothing to do有时要做 /与无关8 、find it +adj. to do sth.发觉作某事9 、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿作某事 ,而不愿作某事10 、it s +adj. for sb. to do sth.作某事对某人来说11 、it s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事12 、it takes sb. st. to do sth.某人做某事用了一些时间二、常用动名词的短语1 、enjoy /like /love doing st

36、h.喜爱做某事2 、keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.连续做某事3 、feel like doing sth.想要做某事4 、practice doing sth.练习作某事5 、give up doing sth.舍弃作某事6 、be good at/ do well in doing sth.善于作某事7 、pay attention to doing sth.留意作某事8 、what about/ how about doing sth.怎么样 好吗 .9 、thank you for doing sth.为感谢某人10 、mind do

37、ing sth.介意作某事11 、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth.被用来作某事12 、spendin doing sth.花时间作某时13 、be busy doing/ with sth.忙于作某事14 、finish doing sth.作完某时15 、look forward to doing.希望做某事16 、prefer doing sth. to doing sth.喜爱赛过17 、be/get used to doing sth.习惯作某事18 、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻

38、挡某人作某事三、省略动词不定式的短语1 、一看二听三使役see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.观察 /听见 /感觉 / 留意某人作某事 make /let /have sb. do sth.使 /让某人做某事2 、help sb. to do sth/ with sth.帮忙某人作某事3 、had better not do sth.最好 不 做某事4 、why don t you/ not do sth. 为什么不作某事5 、would /will / could you please not do sth.请你 不作某

39、事好吗 .四、同义词比较1 、 stop to do sth.停下正在做的事去作另一件事stop doing sth.停止正在作的事eg. when the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. after he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.2 、 forget / remember to do sth.遗忘 /记得要去作某事forget / remember doing sth.遗忘记得曾经做过某事eg. please remember to

40、 bring my book to school. i remember doing my homework3 、 used to do sth.过去常常作某事be used to do sth.被用来作某事be used to doing sth.习惯于作某事eg. my father used to smoke. wood is used to make paper. i am used to getting up early.4 、so +be/ 助动词 /情态动词+ 主语也一样so + 主语 +be/ 助动词 / 情态动词是呀 ,表示赞同别人的观点 neither + be /助动词

41、/ 情态动词 +主语也不一样 用于否定句 eg. he has been to beijing. so have i.it s a fine day. so it is.she doesn t like eggs. neither do i. 5 、tooto do sth.太而不能so +adj. /adv + that从句 如此以致such +a/an +adj.+n.+ that从句 如此以致not enough for sb. to do sth.对某人来说 做某事 不够 eg. the boy is too young to go to school.the boy is so yo

42、ung that he can t go to school.he is such a young boy that he can t go to school. the boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考学问点1 、keep +adj.保持状态keep sb. doing sth.连续做某事 /使某人老是做某事 eg. everyone should keep our classroom clean.it s too late, but he still keeps working.lily always keeps us waiting f

43、or her. 2 、make + n.使某人成为make + sb. + adj.使某人make sb. do sth.使某人做某事sb. be made to sth.某人被迫做某事eg. we made peter our monitor. books make us happy.he often makes me laugh.the workers were made to work 12 hours a day. 3 、i don t think that.我认为不eg. i donthitnk you are right. 4 、it s /was/has been+ some t

44、ime +since+一般过去时自从以来有多久了eg. it has been two years since we met last time. 6 、what do you mean by/ what does . mean.是什么意思 .eg. what do you mean by“ computer ” ./what does“ computer ” mean.7 、what do you think of/how do you like你.认为怎么样 .eg. what do you think of this film /how do you like this film.中考英

45、语110 条重点短语归纳put down放下shut down 把 , 关上cut down砍掉 come down 下来、落下slow down减缓、放慢sit down坐下 write down写下get down下来 ,降落2. after all究竟 .终究after that 于是 .然后day after day日复一日地one after another 相继 .挨次soon after 不久以后the day after tomorrow后天3. come up with找到、提出catch up with赶上wake up 弄醒、醒来send up 发射open up 开设、

46、开办grow up长大pick up捡起、捡起hands up举手eat up 吃光clean up 打扫洁净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth. 舍弃做某事4. arrive at/in + n.到达get to +n. 到达reach + n.到达arrive / get +adv. 到达5. get,back退仍 , 送回去 .取回give back 归仍come back 回来at the back of在 , 的后面on the way backhome在回家路上6. at least 至少at breakfast 早 餐时at desk 在 桌前at

47、 once 立刻,立刻 at school 在上学at the same time 同时at work在工作be good at=do well in善长laugh at 嘲笑not,at all 一点也不at first起初 at night在晚上at noon 中午at the age of / when sb. was ,years old 在,岁时 at last / in the end / finally最终、最终at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21 世纪初at the end of 在 , 终点、结尾at the mome

48、nt /now 现在at the foot of 在,脚下 at christmas 在圣诞节at any moment 任 何 时 候 at timessometimes有时 , 有时 at the doctor s 在医务室be bad at 不善长7. for example例如for ever永久be good for对 , 有益be bad for 对,有害 for long=for a long time长期for short简称be short for 是, 的简称tv is short for“ television” 8. come true实现come down下来come

49、 from=be from来自 , 诞生于 come in/into进入 ,进来come on 赶快come over 过来come along 走吧 ,过来 ,快点 come and go 来来去去come up 上来come out 出来， 花开，9. even though=even if即使、虽然、尽管10. be pleased with对 , 感到中意be covered with被 , 掩盖be expected to do sth.被期望做某事 be proud of=take pride in 以 为荣 be afraid of 可怕hear of 听说 hear from

50、sb. 收到某人的来信 of cause=certainly 当然可以 plenty of= a lot of 很多11. by the way顺便说by oneself 单独 ,独自by the end of 到 , 为至by the time 引起时间状语从句 到 , 的时候one by one 依次by air / plane乘飞机by bus / train / car乘公共汽车 / 火车 /轿车catch a bus 赶公交车get on / off the bus 上/下车 take a bus to,=go to ,by bus 乘车去 12. do / try one s be

51、st 尽力do ones homework做家庭作业do the/some shopping购物do the cooking烹饪do some cleaning打扫do the / some washing 洗衣服 do sport 做运动 do with sb / sth. 处理 well done 干得好13. early in the morning一大早early bus 早班车14. make a contribution to奉献给、捐献make a telephone call to sb. /ring sb. up /give sb. acall /phone sb.给某人打电

52、话be close to 靠近 某地 15. either ,or, 或者 , 或者.on either side of the stree t 街道任何一边on each side of the street 街道每一边on both sides of the street 街道两边 16. keep doingsth.不停地做某事表示状态连续keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 表示动作反复进行practise doing sth. 练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事finish doing sth. 做完某事go on doing sth. 连续做某事 同一件事 17. go on to do sth. 接着做某事 另一事go straight along沿着 , 始终往前走go down 下降 ,go for a walk散, go over 复习go shopping 买东西 ,go to the cinema 去看电影go well 进展顺当 ,go off to动身前往 ,go out 外出 ,go to work 去上班 ,go up 上升 , want a go 想试一试18. think about考虑think of认为、 想起、 考虑、 想到think over认真考虑think out想