学乐思教育高三英语第三讲

1、高三英语第三讲Part A: Word List( Prepositions )6 / 6文档可自由编辑打印01 about02 above03 across04 after05 against06 along07 among08 around09 as10 at11 away12 before13 behind14 below15 beside16 besides17 between18 beyond19 but20 by21 down22 during23 except24 for25 from26 in27 like28 near29 of30 off31 on32 onto33 out

2、 of34 outside35 over36 past37 round38 since39 through40 throughout41 till42 to43 towards44 under45 until46 up47 upon48 with49 within50 withoutPart B: Grammar 一、介词（Prepositions） 1、介词的分类与语法功能（1）介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等）构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。（2）介词分为：简单介词，如at、in、for等；合成介词，如within、inside、on

3、to、through, out等；短语介词，如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。双重介词，如from behind / above / under、until after等。分词介词，如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。 2、核心介词用法归纳与辨析（1）表示时间的介词in的用法如下。 表示在某一较长时间内，如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in，如：in the 1990s, in the year, in January, in(the) w

4、inter / summer / fall / spring, in the first week of May。 还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。如：in a while, in no time, in the daytime, in a short while, in time, in the morning (afternoon, evening)。但要注意：at night / at noon, in the day(在白天),in the night（大夜间）。in five days（weeks, months, years）中in意思是“在以后”。（2） 在具体的某一天或某天

5、上午、晚上、前夕，常用on。 on Sunday(s).on Tuesday morning, on March 8, on the morning (afternoon, evening)of Oct.1 early on the morning of Oct.1(区别：in the late / early morning of Oct.1) on a rainy night, on warm winter days（3）表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。 at breakfast(supper, lunch),at six at noon (sunrise, sunset,

6、 midday, night, midnight, dawn) at the age of 15, at the time of war,但in time of danger/ trouble。 注意：有些时间名词前不接介词。如： next day、last Sunday、that morning、these years one、each、any、every、some、all修饰时,一般不用介词,如some day one day、yesterday / afternoon, the night before（4）till、until的用法。 till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句

7、中，与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。如： He waited for me till twelve oclock. He didnt get up till(until) 10 a.m.(不可用to).（5）in、after、later The doctor will be with us in six minutes. She graduated in 1981,and eight years later she became the manager of the factory. He received her letter after four weeks.（6）地点介词at、on、in

8、、to、across、through、over、under、below。 at 在较小的场所，in在较大的场所，on在的平面上。如at the door、at the airport、at the station、at 55 Park Street、in China、in the north、in Asia、on the desk、on the wall等。 on、at、in还可以表示两地相对位置。若A地属于B地，用in; A地位于B地的外面且有边缘衔接用on；无边缘的衔接有to。如： Japan lies to the east of China.(范围之外) Taiwan lies in

9、the southeast of China.（范围之外） Hunan province lies on the west of Hubei province.(毗邻) The island lies off the coast of China.(相隔一定距离) 地点介词的引申、比喻意义：in the sun在阳光下，in the dark(ness)在黑暗中，in the dark不知道，in freezing weather在严寒天气中，in the earth在地下,in a heavy rain 在大雨中,in public 当众，in trouble 在困境中，get into t

10、rouble陷入困境，out of trouble摆脱困难。 across在物体表面“穿过”；through则表示在三维空间内部“穿过”。如： They walked across the playground. I walked through the forest. over / under / above / below。over、above译作“在之上”；under、below译作“在的下面”，其区别在于over、under表示一种直接的、垂直的上下关系；而above、below则表示一般的“高于”或“低于”，不一定是垂直“在上”或“在下”。如： A little boat is no

11、w under the bridge. There is a bridge over the river. The sun sinks below the horizon(地平线) The window is well above the tree.（7）表示方式、手段、工具的介词 by the year/hour/day按年/小时/天。如He rent a house by the year(day,hour). 表泛指的方式、手段by telephone(radio),但on the phone/on the radio/on TV(电讯器材)，by electricity用电，learn

12、 sth. by heart, through the satellite, through practice, through his own efforts, through experience 交通工具类 by bus/train/car/taxi(road) by bike/bicycle, on horse back/on foot by plane/jet/spaceship, by air by ship/boat/lifeboat, by sea/by water另外：by means of 用方法，by way of 经由，取道于，用方法，with the help (pe

13、rmission)of sb./with sb.s help (permission)。（8）表示“除之外”的几组常用介绍比较。besides 除以外，（还有）。作副词时意思是“而且，更何况”。 Well all went to the cinema besides Shaw.除了肖外，我们都去了电影院。 It was too late to see a film, and besides, I was tired.except除去，除之外（不再有）。 We all went except John.我们都去了，约翰没有。except for除了 except that 除了一点以外。 He

14、has not changed except that he is wearing dark glasses.（9）between与among.between通常指两者之间。也可以用于三者以上的两者之间。（10）某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配。要求接to的名词有：key、answer、visit、entrance、apology、introduction、road等。要求接in 的名词有：interest、satisfaction、expert等。 He is expert in teaching small children.二、连词（Conjunctions）1、并列关系And, both.

15、and., neither.nor., not only.but also. 2、 转折关系But, however, yet（然而）, still（仍然）, while（然而）3、 选择关系Or, either.or. , whether.or.（不管.还是.）4、 状语从句（1） 时间状语从句：before, after, when, while, as, till, until, since, as soon as, once（2） 地点状语从句：where, wherever（3） 条件状语从句：if, unless（4） 原因状语从句：because, as, since, for（

16、5） 让步状语从句：although / though, even though / if, as（虽然）（6） 目的状语从句：so that和in order that（7） 比较状语从句：as.as., not as / so.as., than5、 名词性从句：that, if / whether等PracticesA.Prepositions1. （ 福建卷2009）The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to _ all nations to take immediate actio

17、n. A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on2. （福建卷2008） _ a moment and I will go to your rescue. A. Go on B. Hold on C. Move on D. Carry on3. We can obtain knowledge from other sources _ books. A. beside B. besides C. apart D. in addition4. Father usually comes back from his work_. A. at noon

18、 B. in noon C. on noon D. in the noon5. We are looking _ to hearing from you soon. A. at B. forward C. for D. Up6. The students laughed _ the silly answers they had put on their tests. A. at B. from C. to D. over7. They differ _ each other in many ways. A. to B. with C. on D. from8. The picture remi

19、nds me _ the time we spent together in New York. A. of B. in C. for D. to9. Electricity is _ great use in industry and everyday life. B A. be B. of C. in D. With10. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, _they will save us money in the long run. A.or B.since C.for D.but11. After she consider

20、ed the problem, she got a tall box to stand _. A.on B.up C.above D.byB.Conjunctions1.（福建卷2010）More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities _ space. A.in search of B.in place of C.for lack of D.for fear of 2. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, _they will save us money in

21、 the long run. A.or B.since C.for D.but3. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as4. _ you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre. A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. UnlessPart C: Writing漫画类议论作文1. 读图 2. 解意 3. 谋篇读图1. 漫画的题目 眼睛2.

22、漫画的画面 细节3. 漫画的文字 观点4. 漫画的夸张 寓意解意1. 辨明褒贬，找准角度 夸奖褒扬 or 批评讽喻？2. 联系生活，明晰主旨 Imagination!注意: 文字说明部分往往含有重要信息(clues)，切记要认真阅读！谋篇三部分:1) 描述图片 2) 解释寓意 3) 给出观点Part 1The picture is talking about/showsThe picture shows a common phenomenon.The picture describes an interesting phenomenon.In the picture, there are/is

23、 (are) doingThe picture above is about Lets look at the picture above/first.Part 2The picture shows thatIt is the exact reflection ofThe picture indicates that weNowadays, it is a common phenomenon thatPart 3 I think/believe thatAs far as Im concerned,In my opinion,From my point of view,Only in this

24、 way can. 常用词：表示平行、对等或选择关系 and, as well as, together with, not onlybut also.表示转折关系 but, however, in spite of, although, otherwise, while表示对比关系 on the contrary, instead of, on one handon the other hand.表示因果关系 so, therefore, as a result (of), because, owing to, due to, thanks to.表示时间、顺序关系 first, secon

25、d , then, next, finally, for one thing . for another, in the end,表示递进、强调关系 besides, whats more, in addition, worse still, above all表示解释、说明关系 such as, for example, for instance(例如), in other words, and so on表示结论 in short, in brief, in a word, in general, on the whole, in conclusion1根据图画内容，以“We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter”题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。短文须包括以下要点，不得逐条翻译。 1.简单描述漫画的内容； 2.作业负担过重； 3.精讲精练； 4.参加体育锻炼和社会活动。 We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter The picture shows that a girl is wearing a pair of glasses andcarrying a big h