连词与主从复合句PPT学习教案

1、会计学1连词与主从复合句连词与主从复合句 连词主要可分为两类：l并列连词l从属连词第1页/共23页并列连词并列连词表示词，短语，表示词，短语， 从句或句子之间具有并列关系。从句或句子之间具有并列关系。 可以表示平行关系，转折关系，选择关系可以表示平行关系，转折关系，选择关系 和因果关系和因果关系。and (和和) both and（和（和,两者都）两者都）neither nor（既不（既不也不也不）not only but also(不但不但 而且而且)as well as (和和, 也也, 除除外外, 而且而且) 1.表示平行关系的连词表示平行关系的连词：as well (也也,而且而且,)

2、 用于句末用于句末.第2页/共23页他是一个科学家他是一个科学家, 而且也是一个诗人而且也是一个诗人.He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well.He is a scientist as well as a poet.他们也会来吗他们也会来吗?Are they coming as well?第3页/共23页2.表示转折关系的连词表示转折关系的连词:but while (而而, 虽然虽然) yet (可是可是) however (而而) whereas (而而) nevertheless(然而然而, 不过不过)第4页/共23页第5页/共23页3.表示选

3、择关系的连词表示选择关系的连词or(或则或则,否则否则) or else(否则否则) otherwise(要不然要不然) eitheror(或者或者 或者或者)rather than (而不是而不是) 4.表示因果关系的连词表示因果关系的连词 so for thus(因此因此) hence （因此）（因此） therefore （因此）（因此）consequently（因而，所以）（因而，所以）第6页/共23页第7页/共23页第8页/共23页第9页/共23页二二.从属连词从属连词是用来引导连接主句和从句的连词是用来引导连接主句和从句的连词。 分为引导分为引导名词性从句名词性从句的连词和引导的连

4、词和引导状语状语 从句从句的连词。的连词。1. 引导名词性的从句引导名词性的从句(1). that,whether,if 不充当成分不充当成分.(2). 连接代词连接代词 who, whom, which, what 充当主充当主, 宾宾, 定定, 表语等表语等.(3). 连接副词连接副词 when, where, how, why 状语状语.第10页/共23页2. 引导状语从句的连词引导状语从句的连词(1). 时间时间: when, while, as 当当时时 when+瞬间瞬间,延续性动词延续性动词 while+延续性动词延续性动词 as+瞬间瞬间,延续性动词延续性动词 “一边一边一边一

5、边” till/until, once, as soon as(一一就就), the moment/instant(一一就就), no sooner than hardly when the moment第11页/共23页(2). 原因原因: as because for since For语气最弱语气最弱, 引导的分句放在句末引导的分句放在句末.Because 语气最强语气最强, 句首句首,句末均可句末均可.As(因为因为) 置于句首置于句首.Since(既然既然) 通常置于句首通常置于句首.(3). 地点地点: where, wherever(4). 条件条件: if, unless= i

6、f not, so/as long as suppose(that)假使假使 on condition that如果如果 provided/ providing (that) 倘使倘使, 如果如果now that(既然既然) considering that第12页/共23页(5). 让步让步: though/ although不与不与but连用连用. as(尽管尽管), even if/ though (即使即使) however(无论怎样无论怎样), whatever no matter how/ who/ which Although/though 和和as(尽管尽管) 的区别的区别:A

7、lthough/though引导的从句用正常语序引导的从句用正常语序.As 引导的从句用倒装语序引导的从句用倒装语序, 即把即把as从句中的表语从句中的表语,状语状语或动词原形提至主语前或动词原形提至主语前.尽管天气冷尽管天气冷,可他仍继续工作可他仍继续工作.Though it was cold, he went on working.= Cold as it is , he went on working.第13页/共23页尽管你读得快尽管你读得快, 你也不能在三天内读完这本书你也不能在三天内读完这本书.Fast as you read, you cant finish reading th

8、e book in three days. Although you read fast, you cant finish reading the book in three days. 不管他怎样努力不管他怎样努力, 还是摆脱不了困难还是摆脱不了困难.Try as he might, he could nt get rid of the difficulty. 第14页/共23页so + adj. + n. 不可数不可数such +n. 不可数不可数第15页/共23页sothat与suchthat之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。第16页/共23页1.when/while/aswhe

9、n引导时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续引导时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。性的，也可以是终止性的。While引导时间状语从引导时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的。句的谓语动词只能是延续性的。When还可以表示还可以表示“这时这时”while 表示前后对比表示前后对比as常可与常可与when，while通用，但强调通用，但强调“一边、一边一边、一边”。例如：。例如：As (when, while) I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number He was doing

10、 his homework _ I came in.I came in _ he was doing his homework.He is tall _ his elder brother is short.He was playing football outside _ it began to rain.whenwhen/whilewhilewhenWhether第17页/共23页2. because/as/for/sincebecauseas for since语气最强，引导的从句可放在句首或句末，语气最强，引导的从句可放在句首或句末，放在句首时常用逗号放在句首时常用逗号表示原因语气不如

11、表示原因语气不如because强，常放句首强，常放句首并列连词，语气最弱，对前面分句加以解释并列连词，语气最弱，对前面分句加以解释或表示推断的原因或表示推断的原因“既然既然”， 往往表示一些显而易见的原因，语往往表示一些显而易见的原因，语气不如气不如because强，常在句首强，常在句首It must have rained last night, _ the ground is wet._ she was in bad mood, we left her alone.He is absent from school _ he is ill._ it was wet, we went ther

12、e by bus._ a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr. Smith wanted to give John a chance.forAs becauseBecause/asSince第18页/共23页3. Whether/if（1）两者做）两者做“是否是否”讲时，可以互换讲时，可以互换（2）以下情况用）以下情况用whether不用不用if放在句首放在句首引导同位语或补语从句引导同位语或补语从句在介词后面在介词后面 直接与直接与or not连用连用 We doubt _ it is true._ he comes or not has noth

13、ing to do with me.The question _ he should come himself or sent a letter must be decided soon.It depends on _ he will come.We didnt know _ or not he was ready.whether/ifWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether第19页/共23页4. though/although/as though/although引导让步状语从句可互换，引导让步状语从句可互换，但但though与与even连用，连用，although不能不能

14、“虽然虽然”，引导让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句though用正常语用正常语序，也可以倒装，序，也可以倒装，as要倒装要倒装尽管天气很冷，可他仍继续工作。尽管天气很冷，可他仍继续工作。（as）(though)虽然他还是个孩子，可懂得很多。虽然他还是个孩子，可懂得很多。(as)(though)Cold as it was, he went on working.Though it was cold, he went on working.Child as he is, he knows a lot.Though he is a child, he knows a lot.Child though

15、 he is, he knows a lot.第20页/共23页 5、before作连词一般表示时间，意为作连词一般表示时间，意为“在在之前之前”，但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭。，但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭。He almost knocked me down before he saw me.Before I could get in a word he had measured me.他几乎把我撞倒才才看见我；我还没来得及没来得及插话，他已经给我量好了尺寸。第21页/共23页 6、as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked.We must do as the Party teaches us.As you are tired, you had better rest.Child as he is, he can do it