高中生物 第7章 第2节 现代生物进化理论的主要内容课件 新人教版必修2 (56)

1、选修选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion 重点单词重点单词1._n.适应（性）；改编本2. _adj.经典的；第一流的n.经典著作3. _n.情节；阴谋4. _vi.犹豫；踌躇_n.犹豫；踌躇 5. _ adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的_ adv.不舒服地；难受地6. _adj.带来麻烦的；使人心烦的7. _n.结果；效果8. _ adj.光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的9. _ v.编排；分类；归类_n.分类；归类adaptationclassicplothesitatehesitationuncomfortableuncomfortablytroublesomeoutcomebrill

2、iantclassifyclassification学生用书见P200 重点单词重点单词12._n.& v.评说，评论13. _vt.显露出（本来面目）；背叛14. _ adj.不同寻常的；非凡的15. _vt.谴责；使注定16. _n.相识；了解；熟人_vt.使认识；使了解 17. _n.机会；运气；大笔的钱18. _n.身份；地位；职位19. _adj.优秀的；较高的；上级的；优等的_n.上级；长官_ (反义词)adj.差的；下级的n.下级；次品remarkbetrayextraordinarycondemnacquaintanceacquaintfortunestatussupe

3、riorsuperiorinferior 重点单词重点单词20._adj.古时的；（因古老、稀少而）珍贵的_n.文物；古董；古玩21. _adj.音乐的；喜爱音乐的n.音乐喜剧22. _adj.破旧的；寒酸的23. _n.& vi.妥协；折衷24. _adj.可怕的；恐怖的；令人不愉快的25. _vi.啜泣；抽噎n.啜泣（声）；抽噎（声）26. _adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的27. _vt.俯视，忽视，不理会 28. _vi.& vt.（使）褪色，减弱；逐渐消失antiqueantiquemusicalshabbycompromisehorriblesobdisgusting

4、overlookfade 重点短语重点短语1._（某人）冒充2. _结识；与相见3. _惊愕地4. _一般来说5. _ 就来说；从角度6. _ 带或领进来7. _伪装；乔装8. _再一次9. _需要10. _（声音、画面）逐渐模糊，渐淡pass.off as.make ones acquaintance within amazementgenerally speakingin terms of.show.inin disguiseonce morein need of.fade out1.“while/when+doing”在句中作时间状语While watching, he makes no

5、tes. （教材P29）2.do 用于加强语气Oh, do buy a flower off me, Captain. （教材P29）3.“be of+抽象名词”表示“具有（某特征或属性）的”Will that be of any use to you? （教材P29）4.条件状语从句中对过去事情的虚拟Id never have come if Id known about this disgusting thing you want to do to me. （教材P34） 重点句型重点句型复习过去分词作状语1.过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。例如：Disappoin

6、ted at the outcome, but thinking it is better than nothing.（教材P29）2.过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语一致。例如：The teacher stood there, surrounded by a group of students.语法要点语法要点hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment. (教材P29)（这时）有位先生（从这儿）路过，并迟疑了片刻。1学生用书见P201 hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事，不愿做某事

7、 hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决 hesitate about+疑问词+to do sth. 做某事犹豫不决 hesitation n.踌躇,犹豫 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事（1）（2） Dont hesitate to speak to me when you have any difficulties.你有困难时尽管照直告诉我。 Shes still hesitating about sending her son to c

8、ollege.她对于要不要送儿子进大学一事仍然犹豫不决。 I hesitate about where to live in this big city.在这个大城市的什么地方住，我拿不定主意。 Such is lifewhether you are an antelope or a lion, you ought to dash forward without hesitation when the sun rises.生活就是这样，不论你是羚羊还是狮子，每当太阳升起之时，就得毫不犹豫地向前奔跑。condemn vt.谴责；使注定Look at this girl with her terr

9、ible English: the English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. （教材P30）你瞧这位姑娘，英语说得那样糟糕，命中注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子了。2 condemn sb./sth.for/as sth.因而谴责某人或某事 condemn sb.to.判处某人某种刑罚 condemn sb.to sth./to do sth.迫使接受困境 (或不愉快的状况)(2) condemnable adj.该罚的；该受责备的(3) condemnation n.定罪；谴责，指责(1) She knew

10、 that society will condemn her for leaving her children.她知道社会会因她离弃自己的孩子而谴责她。 If they guess wrong， they will be condemned to death.如果猜错了，他们就会被处死。 Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.忘记过去的人注定会重蹈覆辙。acquaintance n相识；了解；熟人And I came to England to make your acquaintance! （教材P30）我

11、也正是到英国来找你的！3 make ones acquaintance make the acquaintance of sb. cut/drop ones acquaintance with sb.与某人绝交 have no acquaintance with不熟悉，不了解 have a nodding/bowing acquaintance with sb. 与某人是点头之交 on first acquaintance 初次见面时 acquaint v. 使熟悉；使了解 acquaint oneself with 熟悉，通晓，精通 acquaint sb.with.使某人了解 be/get

12、/become acquainted with 与人相识，熟知，精通(1)(2) 结识某人温馨提示:acquaintance 用作不可数名词时，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前面加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，多与with连用；用作可数名词时，表“熟悉的人”。 He has many acquaintances in the business community.他在商界有很多熟人。 Id been looking forward to making her acquaintance for a long time.我很久以前一直盼望着与她结识。 I make the acquaintance

13、 of Mr. King at a dinner party.我在一次宴会上与金先生相识了。 I have some acquaintance with French， but I do not know it well.我懂一点法语，但不精通。 My father has a nodding acquaintance with the professor.我父亲与这位教授是点头之交。 All our employees are fully acquainted with safety precautions.我们所有的雇员都非常熟悉安全预防措施。fortune n财产，大笔的钱；机会，运气W

14、ell, I never. A whole pound!A fortune!（教材P30）啊，我还从来没有见过！整整一个英镑呢！一笔财富呀！4 seek ones fortune找出路，碰运气 come into a fortune继承一笔遗产 make a fortune发财 (2) fortunate adj.幸运的,侥幸的(=lucky) (3) fortunately adv.幸运地(=luckily)(1) But if you dont work hard， no fortune will come.但是如果你不努力，机遇是不会来的。 He received a large for

15、tune when his uncle died.他叔父去世时，他得到一大笔财产。 When he was young， he would dream of making a fortune.当他年轻时，他常常梦想发大财。 I was late in getting to the station， but fortunately for me the train was late， too.我到火车站晚点了，但幸运的是，火车恰好也晚点了。compromise n妥协；和解；折衷 v.妥协；让步；违背，放弃Oh, she is so deliciously low(compromise)!Ok,

16、 Ill teach you.(教材P34)噢，她真是粗俗得可爱！（提出折衷办法）好吧！我教你。5 reach/come to a compromise达成妥协,达成和解 make a compromise作出让步 by compromise 折衷 compromise ones principles/beliefs/ideas违背原 则/放弃信仰/背弃理想 compromise with sb.on sth.就某事和某人妥协(1) (2) After lengthy talks the two sides finally reached a compromise.双方经过长期的商谈终于达成了

17、妥协。 Most important of all， it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.最重要的是，通过妥协和协议来作决定总是明智的。 In order to live in harmony， sometimes you need to make compromises.为了和谐地生活，有时你需要作出让步。 In my view， its wise of you to compromise with her.以我看来，你和她妥协是明智之举。 We are not prepared to comprom

18、ise on safety standards.我们不愿在安全标准问题上妥协。 pass.off as. （某人）冒充. that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. (教材P30)她可以在三个月内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。1学生用书见P202pass off 逐渐消失，停止；回避，掩饰pass away 去世；停止pass by从旁边经过pass through 通过，穿过pass out 昏倒，失去知觉；（免费）散发pass down/o

19、n to 传递，流传 There is rarely any attempt to pass these copies off as originals.很少有人试图用这些复制品冒充原作。 The storm should pass off before dark.天黑前暴风雨会停止的。 Seeing that the story had given offence to some people, he attempted to pass it off with a joke.看到他讲的故事已经冒犯了一些人，他想讲一个笑话转移一下。 She passed out when she heard

20、the bad news.她听到这噩耗后晕了过去。in terms of. 就来说；从角度Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar， spelling， etc， so that she can use them properly. （教材P31）从语法、拼写等方面改正这些句子，好让她使用恰当。2 be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.)关系良好/ 亲密/不好 come to/make terms with sb.达成协议，和好；接受，适应 in the long/short term就长远/短期而言

21、 in ones terms在某人看来 (1) 其他由in名词of构成的短语： in memory of.为了纪念 in honour of.为了向表示尊敬 in case of以防；万一 in search of寻找 in charge of负责；管理 in hope of.怀着希望 in approval of称赞 in favour of支持；有利于 in place of代替 in need of需要(2) In terms of natural resources， it is one of the poorest countries in Western Europe.从自然资源来

22、看，它是西欧自然资源最贫乏的国家之一。 We are on good terms with each other.我们交情好。 The country is very poor and it has to come to terms with the neighbouring countries.这个国家很穷，它必须与领国和解。 Learning is not always easy， but it is always beneficial in the long term.学习并不总是那么简单，但从长远看它总是有益的。fade out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡.fades out as

23、they go off stage together. (教材P35)两人一道朝台下走去，声音逐渐减弱。3 fade away 消失，逐渐减弱；褪色 fade in 淡入；渐渐显示出 die away 指(声音、风、雨、光亮等)逐渐消逝 die down 指(声音)逐渐减弱；衰弱，枯萎；逐渐平息（1）（2） Whats wrong with the radio? The sound keeps fading out.收音机出了什么问题?声音越来越小。 Memories of my sister faded away after many years.过了多年以后，我对姐姐的记忆渐渐淡化了。 A

24、fter the introduction, well fade in the first scene.在序幕之后，我们将第一个场景淡入。 He is certain he heard footsteps: they come nearer, and then die away.他确信自己听到了脚步声：它们渐近又渐远。“be of+抽象名词”表示“具有（某特征或属性）的”Will that be of any use to you? （教材P29）那对你有用吗？学生用书见P203be of+抽象名词，表示“具有（特征/属性）”，本句中的of 表示“从属”关系，相当于be+(相应的)形容词。此结

25、构中的抽象名词前还可加上no, some, any, great, little, much等修饰语。可用于此结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有：abilityable, helphelpful, useuseful, importanceimportant, interestinteresting, significancesignificant, valuevaluable。 This dictionary is of great value to students.这一本词典对学生很有价值。 What I said is of great importance.=What I said i

26、s very important. 我所说的非常重要。.品句填词品句填词（用所给词的恰当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词）1.For most doctors, there is little question that breast milk is superior infant formula because of its health benefits to newborns. 【答案】1. to2.Humans have become accustomed to using credit or debit cards out of fear of (rob). 【答案】2.being ro

27、bbed/robbery3.We really couldnt fault anything at all and would have no _(hesitate) in recommending it to anyone. 【答案】3.hesitation4.Meg was the first friend I had made after we came to America. I eventually got acquainted a few other kids in school, but Meg was still the only real friend I had.【答案】

28、4.with学生用书见P2035.The UK has the highest rate of childhood obesity in Europe with 25% of young people (classify) as obese or overweight. 【答案】 5.being classified6.Of all these proposals for lightening the load on working parents, one (overlook): Put the children to work. 【答案】 6.has been overlooked7.Th

29、e disagreement about the boundary between the two countries was settled compromise. 【答案】 7.by8.It goes without saying that being honest is great benefit to both the community and individuals. There is no doubt that we should foster the spirit of honesty.【答案】 8.of9.We need to learn to communicate (au

30、thentic) so that people will listen and feel connected. 【答案】 9.authentically10.It surprised him enormously to learn that I had felt hurt and _(betray) when he left.【答案】10.had been betrayed.单句改错单句改错1.The quality of your products is superior than that of ours.【答案】thanto2.The crime he made condemned hi

31、m life imprisonment. He have regretted it ever since.【答案】him后加 to3.There was certainly no difference between them in term of intelligence.【答案】termterms4.I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we compromised for Italy.【答案】foron5. I stood overlooked that habitat, on a morning

32、in late March, and watched wave after wave of cranes rise from the river. 【答案】 overlookedoverlooking6.Devoting to the people, Mary was loved and respected by almost all the people who knew her.【答案】DevotingDevoted7.Being equipped with his five senses, man explores the universe around him and calls the adventure Science.【答案】去掉Being8.Failed several times, the young scientist still kept on making his experiments.【答案】FailedHaving failed9.The