高二英语 unit1 语法课件 新人教版必修5

1、this is a polluted river.the river is polluted.(过去分词作表语）过去分词作表语）（过去分词作定语）（过去分词作定语）the village is flooded.it is a flooded village.grammar一、过去分词作一、过去分词作 定语定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和被动和完成完成的意义，常作前置定语。的意义，常作前置定语。 eg： a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票一枚用过的邮票 an injured finger 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a lighted cand

2、le 一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛 注意：过去分词作定语时，有时注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动只有被动意义。意义。 e.g.：spoken english 英语口语英语口语 written exercises 书面练习书面练习少数表示位移或状态改变的少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词不及物动词的过的过去分词去分词只有完成只有完成的意义的意义fallenfallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risenrisen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳the developeddeveloped countries 发达国家发达国家 a retiredretired teacher 一名退

3、休教师一名退休教师2 2、过去分词、过去分词短语短语作后置定语，表示作后置定语，表示被动和被动和或完成或完成意义意义。 e.g.：i like wearing clothes mademade of this kind of cloth我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。e.g.：the books writtenwritten by lu xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎鲁迅写的书很受欢迎= a heart which is broken= a trip which is organized3.过去分词作前置定语还是后置定语，都可转换过去分词作前置定语还是后置

4、定语，都可转换为为一个对应的定语从句一个对应的定语从句。 the girl dressed in white =the girl who is dressed in white the book written by luxun =the book which is written by luxun 4 4、过去分词修饰过去分词修饰 something, everything, something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobodyanything, nothing, somebody, nobody等等不定代词或指示代词不定代词或

5、指示代词thosethose时，要放在这些时，要放在这些词的词的后面后面。he is one of those invited. nothing reported in the newspaper will interest him.is there anything unsolved?1. he visited the bridge built last year.2. the bridge to be built next year will be very large.3. have you noticed the bridge being built now?5. 动词的动词的过去分词

6、过去分词，不定式不定式和和动词动词-ing的被动形式的被动形式在句中都可做定语，表达被动的含义，但在句中都可做定语，表达被动的含义，但时间意义时间意义上不同。上不同。二、过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语1 1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括的状态，其前的系动词有包括bebe在内的多种在内的多种形式。（形式。（be,get,feel,look,seem,remain,becomebe,get,feel,look,seem,remain,become） e.g.：everyone present is very inspired

7、 at his speech 听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。 you seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。你似乎受了惊吓。 some problems still some problems still remainedremained unsolvedunsolved. .practice: complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1. 丢了钱他自责不已。丢了钱他自责不已。he _ about losing the money.2、你为什么总

8、是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？ why do you always _ ? do you sleep well these days?3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。 i _ the film i saw last night, i had expected it to be better.4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 everybody _to hear the death of the famous film star5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋

9、。要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。 the children _ going to the zoo6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒他的伤口感染了一种新病毒. his wound _ a new viruswas shockedare really excited aboutbecame infected with（）作表语的（）作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。（）被动语态的过去分词，动作意味很强，句（）被动语态的过去分词，动作意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟子主语为动作的承

10、受者，后常跟by短语。短语。 2、过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别、过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别： the glass is broken. our classroom is crowded the glass was broken by jack. the windows were closed by tom last night.现在分词与过去分词他们的区别现在分词与过去分词他们的区别1.语态上语态上现在分词现在分词: 表示主动的动作表示主动的动作过去分词过去分词: 表示已经被动的动作表示已经被动的动作2.时间上时间上现在分词现在分词: 表示正在进行的动作表示正在进行的动作过去分词过去分词

11、: 表示完成的意思表示完成的意思i heard someone opening the door .i heard the door opened . the falling leaves the fallen leaves boiling water boiled water the rising sun the risen sun 3. 现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的主语的特征、特性特征、特性。 过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的主语的心理感受或状态心理感受或状态。 the news is exciting. we

12、 were excited to hear it. 总结总结过去分词和过去分词和v-ingv-ing形式形式的区别的区别: : 表主动的，进行的，表主动的，进行的， 表特征表特征-含有含有“令人令人”之意之意 表被动的，完成的，表被动的，完成的， 表状态表状态-含有含有“感到感到”之意之意 amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; astonis

13、hing, astonished等。等。 英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：1. a. nobody was in the story he told. b. the story he told was very . ( interested, interesting )2. a. everybody was to hear the news. b. the news is very indeed. ( excited, exciting )3. a. the result of the test was rather . b. he was very at the

14、result of the test. ( disappointed, disappointing )4. a. what he said was very . b. i was very at the sight. ( amused, amusing )fill in the blank with proper words.fill in the blank with proper erestedinterestingexcitedexcitingdisappointingdisappointedamusingamusedsum up 1. linda worked for

15、 the minnesota manufacturing and mining company, _ as 3m. a. knowing b. known c. being known d. to be known高考链接b解析：答案解析：答案b b。此处考查过去分词作后置。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，定语，3m3m与与knowknow之间是被动关系，故用过之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。去分词表示被动。2. the disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. a. recorde

16、d b. recording c. to be recorded d. having recorded高考链接a解析：答案解析：答案a a。此处考查过去分词作后置。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，定语，discdisc与与recordrecord之间是被动关系，故之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。用过去分词表示。3. dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. a. being known b. having been known c. to be known d. known高

17、考链接d解析：答案解析：答案d d。knowknow与与wordswords，expressionsexpressions，phrasesphrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。被动。4. the flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. a. to smell b. smelling c. smelt d. to be smelt高考链接b解析：答案解析：答案b b。此处为现在分词作定语，。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰修饰flow

18、ersflowers。smellsmell为系动词，不能用于为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于被动语态，相当于which/that smells which/that smells sweetsweet。2. the girl who is dressed in red is kellys long-lost friend.= the girl _ is kellys long-lost friend.练习一练习一 句型转换句型转换1.a thief stole the goat that was tired to the tree.=a thief stole the goat _ to t

19、he tree.tiredtireddressed in reddressed in red3. the castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.= the castle, _ _, was never rebuilt. burnt down in burnt down in the sixteenth centurythe sixteenth century4. father beat the son who was lost in the online games. =father b

20、eat the son _ in the online games. lostlost5. the project, which was designed by the chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year. = the project, _ _, was constructed in only 2 year. designed by the designed by the chinesechinese engineers engineers练习二练习二 单句改错单句改错1.they were all amusing at what

21、 he said.2.he was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.3.the situation was a bit discouraged.4.two pages in this dictionary are missed.5.your mother is quite worrying about your stare of health.1.as is known to us all, traveling is _, but we often feel _ when we are back from trave

22、ls. a. interesting; tiredb. interested; tiringc. interesting; tiringd. interested; tired a a练习三练习三 单选单选2. hearing the _ news, we all felt _. a. encouraging, encouraging, b. encouraged, encouraged c. encouraged, encouraging d. encouraging, encouragedd d3. from the dates _ on the gold coin, it is conf

23、irmed that was made five hundred years ago. a. marking b. marked c. to be marked d. having been markedb b4. the _ look in her face suggested that she _ it before.a. surprising, wouldnt knowb. surprised, hadnt knownc. surprising, hadnt knownd. surprised, shouldnt knowb b5. the picture writing _ long

24、long ago is hard for us to understand today.a. having been drawn b. being drawnc. was drawn d. drawnd d6. the man _ there is my uncle. a. seat b. seating c. to seat d. seatedd d7. the first textbooks _ for teaching english as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. a. having written b. to b

25、e written c. written d. being writtenc cpractice 1. prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. a. are bought b. bought c. been bought d. buying2. with a lot of different problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. a. settled b. settling c. to settle

26、 d. being settledbc3. dont use words, expressions or phrase _ only to people with specific knowledge. a. being known b. having been known c. to be known d. known 4. when i got back, i saw a message to the door “sorry to miss you; i will call later.” a. pin, read b. pinning, reading c. pinned, reading d. pinned, readdc5、a boy jack won the gam