初中英语动词不定式复习实用教案

1、 定义：不定式的构成是定义：不定式的构成是to+to+动词原形，当然动词原形，当然toto有时也可以省略。动词不定式没有有时也可以省略。动词不定式没有(mi (mi yu)yu)人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。的任何句子成分。构成：构成：to + do(动词动词(dngc)原形原形)第1页/共23页第一页，共24页。用法：用法：1、用作宾语、用作宾语(bny) (v. + to do )e.g: I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with

2、you. I found it difficult to fall asleep.我发现很难入睡。我发现很难入睡。 need to do learn to do agree to do stop to doplan to do decide to do go on to do try to do begin to do start to do refuse to do like to doforget to do remember to do第2页/共23页第二页，共24页。2. 用作宾语(bny)补足语：(v. + sb. + to do )She asked me to help her.

3、The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write. want sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to dohelp sb to do第3页/共23页第三页，共24页。一感:feel 三让 let make have 二听 listen to hear四看 watch see look at notice宾语补足(b z)语不带to 的情况

4、：第4页/共23页第四页，共24页。Let me do it.I saw him cross the street.比较(bjio)：I heard her singing in the next room.I heard her sing in the next room.第5页/共23页第五页，共24页。3. 用作状语(zhungy)(adverbial)：He came to show me his new CD player.I went there to see my teacher. She came back to get her English book.The boy was

5、 too frightened to move.(目的(md)(目的(md)(目的)（结果）（结果）第6页/共23页第六页，共24页。 It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语(zhy)，但如果动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻的，那么我们就可用形式主语(zhy)it代替，而把真正主语(zhy)(即不定式)放于句尾。 e.g: It is not difficult for me to study English well. 对我来说学好英语不难。4.4.用作主语用作主语(zhy)(zhy)第7页/共23页第七页，共24页。1. To go abroad is his dream.2. To say is

6、 easy, to do is difficult.（不定式作主语（不定式作主语(zhy)时可将其用形式主语时可将其用形式主语(zhy)it来替换）来替换）It is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.第8页/共23页第八页，共24页。5.用作表语用作表语(bioy)His work is to feed the animals.Her job is to look after the patients.My dream is to be a scientist.第9页/共23页第九页，共24页。6.

7、用作定语用作定语(dngy)Give me something to drink.I have two books to read.They have much food to eat.（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系(gun x)。若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）He asked for a room to live in.I dont have a pen to write with.The ice is hard enough to skate on.He bought a toy to play with.第10页/共23页第

8、十页，共24页。7.疑问词疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how加加to do可构成不定式短语可构成不定式短语(duny)，在句中可用作主语、，在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。When to start has not been decided.I dont know what to do.He can tell you where to get the book.The question is who(m) to ask.(主语主语(zhy)(宾语宾语(bny)(宾补宾补)(表语表语)I dont know how t

9、o use a computer.(宾语宾语)第11页/共23页第十一页，共24页。注意注意(zh y)(zh y)：在与whywhy连用时，只用于whywhy或why notwhy not开头的简短疑问句中，后面(hu mian)(hu mian)紧跟的动词不定式不带toto。 Why not have a rest? Why not have a rest?第12页/共23页第十二页，共24页。too.to 太太 . 以致于不能以致于不能.enough to 足以足以(zy).The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。这个箱子太沉了，

10、我提不动。He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。他到上学的年龄了。 特殊特殊(tsh)用用法法第13页/共23页第十三页，共24页。1、would rather，had better后。后。e g: You had better stay at home.2、Why. / Why not.后。后。e.g：Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢? 3、使役动词、使役动词(dngc) let, have, make 等后等后接不定接不定e.g: Let him g

11、o! 让他走让他走! 不定式省不定式省toto有四种有四种(s (s zhn)zhn)情况：情况： 宁愿(nngyun)；宁可第14页/共23页第十四页，共24页。4、感官动词: see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省to。如：I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。（其中help的to可省可不省）e.g: Let me do it.e.g: I saw him cross the street.比较： I heard her singing in the next room.（强调(qing di

12、o)正在） I heard her sing in the next room.（强调(qing dio)全过程）第15页/共23页第十五页，共24页。注意：这些注意：这些(zhxi)(zhxi)情况在被动句中可千万不可省情况在被动句中可千万不可省to to 哟！哟！ （被动（被动语态中，语态中，“toto”要还原）要还原）e.g:The boss made them work the whole night.e.g:The boss made them work the whole night. = =变成被动句：变成被动句：They were made They were made tot

13、o work the whole night. work the whole night. 第16页/共23页第十六页，共24页。根据句意, 用括号内所给动词(dngc)的适当形式填空。 1. Its time for us (have) supper 2. Would you like _ (go) shopping with me？ 3. It took us half an hour _ (work) out the problem to have 主语(zhy)to go 宾语(bny)to work 主语第17页/共23页第十七页，共24页。4. He is old enough _

14、 (join) the army 5. I am very glad _ (meet) you here6.They prefer _ (stay) at home rather than go outto join 结果(ji gu)状语to meet 形容词补足(b z)语(原)to stay 宾语(bny)to say 定语7. Have you got anything _ (say)? 第18页/共23页第十八页，共24页。8. We saw them_ (come) into the room just now 9. I am sorryI forgot_ (tell) you t

15、he news 10. His plan is _ (spend) a few days in the mountains11. Do you know when_ (start)？ come 宾补to tell 宾语(bny)to spend 表语(bioy)to start 不定式短语(duny)作宾语第19页/共23页第十九页，共24页。12. He is too weak _ (carry) the big stone13. Mr Black asked the man_ (not jump) the queue.14. Your father is sleeping. Youd be

16、tter _ (not wake)him up. to carry 结果(ji gu)状语not to jumpnot wake 第20页/共23页第二十页，共24页。 Game: make up a saying Look for the old so as to learn the new! for ,the, look , so , as , learn, new, the , to ,old !温故而知新温故而知新!以便(ybin)；以致第21页/共23页第二十一页，共24页。Hi, relax yourself!第22页/共23页第二十二页，共24页。谢谢您的观看(gunkn)！第23页/共2