欧洲文化入门复习题

1、 欧洲文化入门 复习题欧洲文化入门复习题I. Complete each of following sentences with the most likely answer.1. In the Roman conquered Greece.A. 1200 B. C. B. 700 B. C. C. 146 B. C. D. The 5th century2. Which of the following works described the war led by Agamemnon against thecity of Troy?A. Oedipus the King B. Iliad C

2、. Odyssey D. Antigone3. Which of the following is NOT the plays written by Aeschylus?A. Antigone B. Agamemnon C. Persians D. Prometheus Bound4. Which of the following is NOT the plays written by Sophocles?A. Electra B. Antigone C. Trojan Woman D. Oedipus the King5. Who was the founder of scientific

3、mathematics?A. Heracleitus B. Aristotle C. Socrates D. Pythagoras6. Who is chiefly noted for his doctrine that“ man is the measure of allthings ”?A. Protagoras B. Pythagoras C. Pyrrhon D. Epicurus11. Who wrote, “ I came, I saw, I conquered”?A. Horace B. Julius Caesar C. Virgil D. Marcus Tullius Cice

4、ro12. The author of the philosophical poem On the Nature of things isA. Virgil B. Julius Caesar C. Horace D. Lucretius13. Which of the following is not Roman architecture?A. The Colosseum B. The PanthenonC. The Parthenon D. Pont du Gard14. Who wrote, “ Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive”

5、?A. Sappho B. Plato C. Virgil D. Horace15. Which of the following is by far the most influential in the West?A. Buddism B. Islamism C. Christianity D. Judaism16. The Old Testament consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of whichare the first five books, called .A. Exodus B. Commandments

6、C. Amos D. Pentaeuch19. After the century Nestorianism reached China.A. sixth B. fifth C. second D. third20. Which of the following emperors made Christianity the official religion of theempire and outlawed all other religions? A. Theodosius B. Augustus C. Constantine I D. Nero Caesar21. Which of th

7、e following emperors issued the Edict of Milan and made Christianitylegal in 313? A. Augustus B. Thedosius C. Nero D. Constantine I22. At the age of 30, Jesus Christ received the baptism at the hands ofA. St. Peter B. St. Paul C. John Baptist D. John Wycliff23. By 1693, the whole of the Bible had be

8、en translated in languages.A. 228 B. 974 C. 1202 D. 15424. When printing was invented in the 1500 ' s, the Bible was thefirstcomplete work printed.A. English B. Latin C. Aramaic D. Hebrew25. When did the standard American edition of the Revised Version appear?A. 1885 B. 1611 C. 1901 D. 197927. T

9、he Middle Ages is also called the .A. “Age of Christianity” B. “ Age of Literature ”C. “ Age of Holy Spirit” D. “ Age of Faith ”28. According to the code of chivalry, which of the following is not pledged to do fora knight? A. To be loyal to his lord B. To fight for the churchC. To obey without ques

10、tion the orders of the abbotD. To respect women of noble birth29. When was a noble crowned as a knight in the Middle Ages in Western Europe?A. At the age of 14.B. When he was taught to say his prayers, learned good manners and ran errandsfor the ladies.C. At a special ceremony known as dubbing.D. Wh

11、en he was pledged to fight for the church.30. Under feudalism, what were the three classes of people of westernEurope?A. clergy, knights and serfs B. Pope, bishop and peasantsC. clergy, lords and peasants D. knights, nobles and serfs31. By which year the Moslems had taken over the last Christian str

12、onghold and wonthe crusades and ruled all the territory in Palestine that the crusaders had fought tocontrol? A. 1270 B. 1254 C. 1096 D. 1291by the37. Which of the following was crowned“ Emperor of the RomansPope in800? A. St. Thomas Aquinas B. CharlemagneC. Constantine D. King James38. Who is the a

13、uthor of the Opus Maius? A. Roger Bacon B. Dante AlighieriC. Chaucer D. St. Thomas Aquinas41. Which of the following works is written by Boccaccio? A. Decameron B. Canzoniers C. David D. Moses42. Who is the author of the painting, Betrayal of Judas? A. Giotto B. Brunelleschi C. Donatello D. Giorgion

14、e43. Which of the following High Renaissance artists is the father of the modern modeof painting? A. Raphael B. Titian C. da Vinci D. Michelangelo44. Which of the following High Renaissance artists was best known for his Madona(Virgin Mary)?A. Titian B. da Vinci C. Michelangelo D. Raphael45. Which o

15、f the following paintings was based on the story in the Bible with Mariariding on a donkey ready to face the hardship ahead? A. Tempesta B. Sacred and Profane LoveC. Flight into Egypt D. The Return of the Hunters52. Which of the following works was written by Rabelais, in which he praises thegreatne

16、ss of man, expresses his love of love and his reverence and sympathy forhumanist learning? A.Gargantua and Pantagruel B. Don QuixoteC. The Praise of Folly D. Utopia53. Which of the following works is worth reading for Montaigne' shumanist ideasand a style which is easy and familiar? A. Sonnets B

17、. Decameron C. Rabelais D. Of Repentance54. Which of the following is NOT French writer poet? A. Cervantes B. Pierre de Ronsard C. Rabelais D. Montaigne55. In 1516 who published the first Greek edition of the New Testament?A. Bruegel B. Erasmus C. El Greco D. Rabelais58. The author of The Revolution

18、 of the Heavenly Orbs is ?A. Kepler B. Copernicus C. Galileo D. Newton59. Galileo is the greatest name in the physics of the 17th century. His telescopemagnified objects .A. a thousand times B. a hundred timesC. ten-thousand times D. five-hundred times60. Engels said:“ The revolutionary act by which

19、 natural science declareditsindependence was the publication of the immortal work ",what does theimmortal work refer to ?A. Sidereus NunciusB. New Eassays Concerning Human UnderstandingC. New system of NatureD. The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs65. and Newton invented independently the differe

20、ntial andintegralcalculus.A. Descartes B. Copernicus C. Leibniz D. Kepler66. Which of the following works was not written by Francis Bacon?A. Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingB. The Novum Organum (New Method)C. The New AtlantisD. The Advancement of Learning67. Which of the following philosophers

21、believed that man is selfish by nature?A. John Locke B. DescartesC. Pierre Gassendi D. Thomas Hobbes68. In 1644, John Milton wrote a protest against a parliamentary decree re-imposingcomplete censorship of the press. This was his best known prose .A. Andromaque B. AreopagiticaC. Paradise Lost D. Par

22、adise Regained69. Which of the following is NOT the content of the Bill of Rights which limited theSovereign ' s power in certain important directions? A. Parliament was responsible for all the law making.B. The power of suspending the laws by royal authority was declared to be illegal.C. The Ki

23、ng should levy no money at any time.D. The King should not keep a standing army in time of peace without consent ofParliament.78. Which of the following artists helped to bring the Roman Baroque style to itsclimax? A. Rubens B. Borromini C. Caravaggio D. Bernini79. Which of the following artists hel

24、ped to spread the Baroque style to North Europe?A. Rubens B. Velazquez C. Borromini D. Bernini80. In painting of the 17th century, who won international fame and his style isbasically classical, his figures are frozen and their action stiff? A. Christopher Wren B. Rembrandt C. Poussin D. RubbensII.

25、Fill in the following blanks.1. European culture is made up of many elements, two of these elements areconsidered to be more enduring and they are 2. 3.“ Give me a place tostand, and I will move the world.”4. In the 4th century, the emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to 5. 6. most influ

26、ential in the West.7. The Bible is a collection of religious writings comprising two parts: the 8. In European history, the thousand year period following the fall of the West 9. As a knight, he was pledged to protect the weak, to fight for the church, to beloyal to his lord and to respect women of

27、noble birth. These rules were known as 10. Under feudalism, people of Western Europe were mainly divided into three 11. To express their religious feelings, many people in the Middle Ages went onjourneys to sacred places where early Christian leaders had lived. The most12. Beowulf is an Anglo-Sexon

28、epic, in verse, originating from thecollective efforts of oral literature.13. Loenardo da Vinci ' s major works: is the most famous of religious probably is the world ' s most famous portrait.14. aimed at opposing the absolute authority of the and 15. crowned literature of Spain and of Engla

29、nd during theRenaissance.16. 17. and are the three major dramatists of the Frenchneoclassicism in the 17th century.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.1. Diogenes is chiefly noted for his doctrine that“ man is the measureof all things. ”F2. Sappho was considered the most i

30、mportant lyric poet of ancient Greece. T3. Venus de Milo was discovered in the island of Milo in 1920. F4. Roman law eventually became the core of modern civil and commercial law inmany Western countries. T5. The Romans greatly admired Greek works and freely borrowed from them. Andbesides being prof

31、ound, powerful and beautiful, their own writings showed littleoriginality. F6. After 392 A.D., Christianity had changed from an object of oppression to aweapon in the hands of the ruling class to crush their opponents. T7. The Bible is much more than a religious book; it is really an encyclopedia: h

32、istory,literature, philosophy and record of great minds. T8. The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew, the New Testament in apopular form of Latin. F9. During the Medieval times there was no central government to keep the order. Theonly organization that seemed to unite Europe was feudalis

33、m. F10. Some of the hermits were great scholars known as“ Father of theChurch” , whosework is generally considered orthodox. T11. Charlemagne wanted to rule as the emperors of Rome had done in ancient timesand eventually was crowned “ Emperor of the Romans ” by himse lf in 800. F12. Where the impact

34、 with Italy was most strongly felt in fine arts, in France it wasliterature and in England it was philosophy and drama. T13. After Reformation, in religion, Protestantism brought into being different formsof Christianity to challenge the absolute rule of the Roman Catholic Church. T14. The Cartesian

35、 doubt is summarized in his motto:“ I doubt, thereforeI think: Ithink , therefore I am. ” T15. Baroque art, flourished first in Spain was characterized by dramatic intensity andsentimental appeal with a lot of emphasis on light and color. F16. The designing and building of St. Paul' s Cathedral

36、is the landmark inFrench architecture. F17. The three composers of the classical music , Bach ,Haydn and Mozart are known as the Viennese School. F18. The representatives of the Later Romantics in music are Berlioz, Liszt, Wagner, Verdi, Brahms, and Tchaikovsky. T19. As Isaac Newton dominated 17th-c

37、entury science with his discovery of the laws governing the bodies of the universe, so Charles Darwin dominated 18th-centuryscience, for he discovered the laws governing the evolution of man himself. F20. Black humor is a kind of desperate humor. It is the laughter at tragic things. Man ' s fate

38、 is decided by comprehensible powers. We can't do anythingabout it, therefore we may as well laugh. FIV. Explain the following terms in English. 1. Humanism -Broadly, this term suggests any attitude, which tends to exalt the human element or stress the importance of human interests, as opposed t

39、o the supernatural, divine element or as opposed to the grosser, animal elements.In a more specific sense, humanism suggests a devotion to those studies supposed to promote human culture most effectively in particular, thosedealing with the life, thought, language and literature of ancient Greece an

40、d Rome. In literary of classical culture that accompanied the Renaissance.2. Enlightenment -The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement originating in France, which attracted widespread support among the ruling and intellectual classes of Europe and North America in the second half of the 18th ce

41、ntury. It characterizes the efforts by certain European writers to use critical reason to free minds from prejudice, unexamined authority and oppression by church or State. Therefore, the Enlightenment is sometimes called the Age of Reason.3. Neo-classicism -It was initiated by Dryden, culminated in

42、 Pope and continued by Johnson. Neo-classicists modeled themselves on classical, ancient Greek and Latin authors. They wanted to achieve perfect form in literature. They general tended to look at social and political life critically. They emphasize on intellect rather than imagination. They observed

43、 fixed laws and rules in literary creation. Poets preferred heroic couplet. In drama, they adhered to three unities, time, place and action. They emphasized on the didactic function of literature.4. Calvinism -The French theologian put his thoughts in his Institutes of the Christian Religion, which was known as Calvinism. Calvinism rejected the papal authorities and stressed the absolute authority of God' s will, holding that only those specially elected by God are saved. It also held that any form