中英文翻译-基于PLC的挖掘机设计

1、 英 文 翻 译系 别专 业班 级学生姓名学 号指导教师基于PLC的挖掘机设计 随着我国经济的高速发展，在辽阔的土地上正在进行着大规模的经济建设，土木工程建设越来越多，这就需要大量的土石方施工机械为其服务,而挖掘机是最重要的一类土石方施工机械，所以挖掘机的重要性越来越明显。目前，主要是通过操作人员来实现对挖掘机的控制，因此要考虑到工作环境的安全性，可靠性与工作持续性，如果能够自动的控制挖掘机的工作过程，不仅节省大量的人力、物力，而且还会带来可观的经济效益，本系统就是通过PLC实现挖掘机实物教学模型控制。通过控制器实现对挖掘机的自动和手动控制，通过自动控制可以使挖掘机不知疲倦的重复完成预先设计好

2、的动作，提高工作效率，节约成本，把人从枯燥的工作中解放出来。这次设计的具体控制对象为一个挖掘机模型，整个模型系统由一台挖掘机模型与一个配套的控制台组成。控制台上分布了可控制挖掘机各各具体动作的插孔以及自带的手动控制按钮。本次设计的动作方面的具体原理就是将上位机，PLC，控制台和挖掘机模型相连接。通过上位机对PLC编程，使PLC能够将各各动作的信号按照程序要求的顺序和时间去激活控制台，再通过控制台对挖掘机内对应的电机进行控制，最终实现规定左前进、右前进、左后退、右后退、左转、右转、下挖、上扬，的动作要求。同时，我们用组态王制作整个过程的监控画面用于整个过程的监控模拟。现对本设计应用到的PLC的和

3、组态王软件做简单的介绍:可编程控制器英文称Programmable Logic Controller，简称PLC。PLC是基于电子计算机，且适用于工业现场工作的电控制器。它源于继电控制装置，但它不像继电装置那样，通过电路的物理过程实现控制，而主要靠运行存储于PLC内存中的程序，进行入出信息变换实现控制。  可编程控制器是一种数字运算操作的电子系统，专为在工业环境应用而设计的。它采用一类可编程的存储器，用于其内部存储程序，执行逻辑运算顺序控制，定时，计数与算术操作等面向用户的指令，并通过数字或模拟式输入/输出控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。可编程控制器及其有关外部设备，都按易于

4、与工业控制系统联成一个整体，易于扩充其功能的原则设计。 当PLC投入运行后，其工作过程一般分为三个阶段，即输入采样、用户程序执行和输出刷新三个阶段。完成上述三个阶段称作一个扫描周期。在整个运行期间，PLC的CPU以一定的扫描速度重复执行上述三个阶段。 一般来说，PLC的扫描周期包括自诊断、通讯等，即一个扫描周期等于自诊断、通讯、输入采样、用户程序执行、输出刷新等所有时间的总和。 欧姆龙PLC是一种专门为在工业环境下应用而设计的数字运算操作的电子装置。它采用可以编制程序的存储器，用来在其内部存储执行逻辑运算、顺序运算、计时、计数和算术运算等操作的指令，并能通过数字式或模拟式的

5、输入和输出，控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。PLC高可靠性、抗干扰能力强、功能强大、灵活，易学易用、体积小，重量轻，价格便宜的特点使PLC成为本系统的理想解决方案。本设计采用的是组态王kingview6.53开发监控系统软件，其是新型的工业自动控制系统，它以标准的工业计算机软、硬件平台构成的集成系统取代传统的封闭式系统。组态王kingview6.53提供了丰富的、简捷易用的配置界面，提供了大量的图形元素和图库精灵，同时也为用户创建图库精灵提供了简单易用的接口；该款产品的历史曲线、报表及web发布功能进行了大幅提升与改进，软件的功能性和可用性有了很大的提高。组态王在保留了原报表所有功能的基础上新增

6、了报表向导功能，能够以组态王的历史库或King Historian为数据源，快速建立所需的班报表、日报表、周报表、月报表、季报表和年报表。此外，还可以实现值的行列统计功能。它具有适应性强、开放性好、易于扩展、经济、开发周期短等优点。通常可以把这样的系统划分为控制层、监控层、管理层三个层次结构。其中监控层对下连接控制层，对上连接管理层，它不但实现对现场的实时监测与控制，且在自动控制系统中完成上传下达、组态开发的重要作用。尤其考虑三方面问题：画面、数据、动画。通过对监控系统要求及实现功能的分析，采用组态王对监控系统进行设计。组态软件也为试验者提供了可视化监控画面，有利于试验者实时现场监控。而且，它

7、能充分利用Windows的图形编辑功能，方便地构成监控画面，并以动画方式显示控制设备的状态，具有报警窗口、实时趋势曲线等，可便利的生成各种报表。它还具有丰富的设备驱动程序和灵活的组态方式、数据链接功能。 Excavator design based on PLCWith China's rapid economic development, in the vast land is a large-scale economic construction, civil engineering construction is more and more, which requires a l

8、ot of earthwork construction machinery for its services, and the excavator is a kind of earthwork construction machinery is the most important, so the importance of digging machine is more and more obvious. At present, mainly by the operator to realize the control of the excavator, so consider your

9、work environment safety, reliability and sustainability, if the control of excavator can automatically work process, not only to save a lot of manpower and resources, but also bring considerable economic benefits, the system is implemented by PLC. Physical teaching model. Through the controller to r

10、ealize automatic and manual control of the excavator, Through the automatic control can make a pre planned action repeated to complete the excavator tireless, improve work efficiency, save the cost, to liberate people from the tedious work.The specific control object for the design of an excavator m

11、odel, the whole model system consists of an excavator model and a complete console. The console can Jack control excavator distribution of each concrete action and comes with a manual control button. The principle of motion of this design is to PC, PLC, console and excavator model connected. Through

12、 computer programming on the PLC, the PLC signal can be every action in accordance with the order and the time required for the program to activate the console, and then control the motor console on excavator of corresponding provisions, ultimately left forward, right forward, Zuo Houtui, right back

13、, turn left, right, up, down, the action required. At the same time, we use the Kingview monitoring the whole production process to monitor the whole process simulation. In this design is applied to the PLC and King view software to do a brief introduction:Programmable controller, English&

14、#160;called ProgrammableLogicController, referred to as PLC. PLC is based on a computer, and apply to the industrial scene, the work of the controller. It originates from 

15、;the relay control devices, but it does not relay device, through circuit to achieve control of the physical processes, and mainly rely on operation in the memory st

16、ored in the PLC process, transform information into and out of control. The programmable controller is a digital electronic system operation, designed for environmental applications in the industrial design. It uses a programmable memory, u

17、sed in its internal storage procedures, timing to perform the logic operation, sequence control, counting and arithmetic operations such as user oriented instructions, and through digital or analog input / output control all kinds of machinery or production process. Programmable controller and relat

18、ed peripherals, are easy and industrial control system linked to form a whole, easy to expand its principle of functional design.When PLC is put into operation, its work process is generally divided into three stages, namely&

19、#160;the input sampling, the user program execution and outputs a refresh in three stages. The completion of the three phase is called a scan cycle. During the whole

20、 operation, PLC CPU to scan speed repeating the above three stages. In general, PLC scan cycle including self diagnosis, communication, namely a scan cycle is equal 

21、to the self diagnosis, communication, user input sampling, program execution, the sum of all output refresh time。The OMRON PLC is an electronic device designed for applications in the industrial design environment for digital operation. It

22、can be programmed using the memory, used to implement logic operation, sequence operation, timing, counting and arithmetic operation in its internal storage instructions, and through digital or analog input and output, machinery or production process control of various types. PLC is of high reliabil

23、ity, strong anti-interference ability, strong function, flexible, easy to use, small volume, light weight, low-cost characteristic makes PLC this system is an ideal solutionThis design uses is Kingview6.53 King view monitoring system development software, which is a new automatic control system of i

24、ndustrial, integrated system with standard industrial computer soft, hardware platform to replace the traditional closed systems.Application of Kingview6.53 provides a rich, simple and easy to use configuration interface, provides a graphical elements and library spirit, but also provides a simple a

25、nd easy to use interface for users to create database wizard; the increase and improvement of statements and web historical curve, the release of the product features, functionality and usability the software has been greatly improved.King view retained the original statement all the features of the

26、 new report wizard function, can with King view historical library or King Historian as the data source, the rapid establishment of the required class report, daily report, weekly report, monthly report, quarterly report and annual report. In addition, the ranks of statistical function can also realize the value of.It has strong adaptability, good openness, easy to expand, economy, short development cycle. The system can usually be divided such as control layer, control layer, management layer of three layers s