高中英语必修一 unit4 Language points

1、人教课标人教课标 高一高一 必修必修 1 Unit 4Unit 4 Earthquakes1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. imagine: form a mental picture imagine + n. /pron. imagine sb. to be Imagine yourself to be on a desert island.设想一下你身处荒岛设想一下你身处荒岛的情形。的情形。right away: at once; in no time; immediatelyrig

2、ht now: at this very momentMake up your mind _.Ill return the book _.right nowright awaysmelly: smell + y = adj. smell n. / v. (smelt / smelled)They were all hungry and the food _ good.I can _ something burning in the kitchen.Please throw the _ fish away.smeltsmellsmelly2. A _ gas came _ _ the crack

3、s.smellyout of3. the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.burst 【寓词于境】【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，并试着阅读下列句子，并试着总结总结burst在句中的词性、含义及用法。在句中的词性、含义及用法。1. The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water.2. The police burst into the room and took the young man away. 3. Hearing the news, the woman bu

4、rst into laughter.5. There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 4. She burst out crying for no reason, which surprised us.burst作作 _ 词，意思是词，意思是 _（句（句1）；）；常用于短语常用于短语 burst into + a room, building, etc. 闯入，突然破门而入（句闯入，突然破门而入（句2）；）；burst into + n. 突然爆发，突然突然爆发，突然起来（句起来（句3）；）；burst out doing突然突然（句（句4）

5、。）。burst作作 _ 词，意思是词，意思是 _（句（句5），还可指），还可指“爆裂；破裂之处，裂口爆裂；破裂之处，裂口”。动动爆裂爆裂名名突然一阵突然一阵 用用burst或其短语的适当形式填空。或其短语的适当形式填空。 1. The plane crashed and _ flames.2. The dam _ because of the heavy rain.3. It looked as if Kate was about to _ _ tears.4. Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _ laughing.burst outburst i

6、ntoburstburstinto4. It seemed as if the world was at an end!1) as if 似乎，好像似乎，好像 = as though She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。我似的。2) as if 在表语从句中相当于在表语从句中相当于that: It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。看起来会议没完没了。 本文中本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。的用法就是第二种。 It

7、seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end!at an endat the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示时间的场合，用于表示时间的场合，到到结束的时候，用于过去完成时态结束的时候，用于过去完成时态; in the end 意思意思“最后、终于最后、终于”。 at the end of by the end of in the end1) His fathe

8、r will return home _ this year.2) He will be a scientist _.3) How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofin the endby the end of5. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in _.ruinslie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain statein ruins: severely damaged or des

9、troyedruindestroydamage damage 指部分指部分“损坏损坏”、“损害损害”、“破坏破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词以用作动词, 也可以用作名词也可以用作名词, 用作名词用作名词时常与时常与to something连用。连用。The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作动词只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复以致不可能修复, 常作常作“破坏破坏”、“毁灭毁灭”解解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。也可以指希望、计划等打破。The earthquake

10、destroyed almost the whole town. ruin指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。的破坏。The fire ruined the house. The company is facing ruin. The house has fallen into ruin.Smoking ruined his health.吸烟毁了他的健康。吸烟毁了他的健康。She ruined his prospects.她毁了他

11、的前途。她毁了他的前途。The village _ in ruins after the war.These machines have _ idle since the factory closed.laylainEverywhere they looked nearly everything was _. destroyedHe _ his girl friends prospects.ruinedSoft wood _ easily.damagesAn earthquake left the whole town _.His career is _.in ruinsin ruins6.

12、Two-thirds of the people died or were _ during the earthquake.injuredMore than 61% of the surface of the earth _ covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。可数还是不可数的。isare请根据提示完成下列句子。请根据提示完成下列句子。

13、1. _ (三分之一三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls.2. _ (五分之三五分之三) of the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night.3. _ (一半一半) of the desks in this school _ (make) in his company.4. _ (大部分的大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday _ (be) interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswas washedHalfare ma

14、deMostwas5. _ (数万数万) people _ (dance) in the big square now.6. There were _ (一万一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday.7. _ (百分之九十百分之九十) of the mountain _ (cover) by trees.is coveredTens of thousands ofare dancingten thousand90% / 90 percentinjurehurtwound injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth.

15、physically三者都可表示受三者都可表示受伤，伤害。伤，伤害。injure 一般是指一般是指在事故中受伤，在事故中受伤，往往意为往往意为“外外伤伤”。 wound 一般指外伤，一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤如刀伤、枪伤等，尤其指在战争中，打斗其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。中受伤。hurt 可指对身体上的可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。成的伤害。Their criticisms _ him deeply.Smoking will _ his health.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fi

16、ghting.What you said _ my feeling.have hurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt7. trap 阅读下列句子，注意阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。的意思及用法。1) The elevator broke down and we were trapped inside (it). 2) I must take no notice of their politeness or kindness which was designed to trap me into giving information.3) If were lucky,

17、 the thief will fall right into our trap.归纳归纳 trap可以作可以作 _，意为：，意为： _（句（句1）。可以构成短语）。可以构成短语trap sb. into (doing) sth.，表示，表示“使中计；使陷使中计；使陷入圈套入圈套”（句（句2）。也可以作名词，意为：）。也可以作名词，意为： _（句（句3）；）； _（句（句4）。）。动词动词使陷入困境使陷入困境困境困境陷阱陷阱4) To break out of the trap they need help from the government. 根据括号内的提示完成句子。根据括号内的提示完

18、成句子。1. I knew perfectly well _ (这是一个陷阱这是一个陷阱).2. By clever questioning, they _ (诱使他诱使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him into8. shockI was shocked by the way he treated his own mother.He was shocked at her smoking.shock v. （使）震惊，使惊愕（使）震惊，使惊愕Whoever touches that wire can get badly shocke

19、d. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill.shock v. 使受电击使受电击shock n. 震惊震惊An electric shock can kill you.shock n. 电击电击有类似用法的词有很多，如：有类似用法的词有很多，如：interest, frighten, excite, puzzle, satisfy等。等。shock有两种分词转化成的形容有两种分词转化成的形容词形式：词形式：shocking令人震惊的令人震惊的（用来修饰物）；（用来修饰物）；shocked震惊震惊的（用来修饰人）。的（用来修

20、饰人）。 用用shock的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。 1. The news of his mothers death was a terrible _ to him. 2. What _ us most was that such a good boy should quarrel with his father.3. O. Henrys short stories always gave the readers _ endings.shockingshockshocked1. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of

21、Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. 这是一个复合句。主句是这是一个复合句。主句是 _ _ _，outside the city of Tangshan在主句中作地点状语，在主句中作地点状语，_引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句。 The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshanwhen【翻译】【翻译】 即使天空没有飞机，在唐山市即使天空没有飞机，在唐山市城外也可以听到飞机声。城外也可以听到飞机声。【仿写】【仿写】 即使事情老是不如意，我的同即使事情老是不如意，我

22、的同桌也从未放弃。桌也从未放弃。_My desk-mate never gives up even when things keep going badly.2. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 这是一个复合句。句子的主干是这是一个复合句。句子的主干是_。_引导非限制引导非限制性定语从句，修饰性定语从句，修饰people。But the one million people were asleep as usu

23、al that nightwho【翻译】【翻译】 但是，唐山市的一百万居民但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，当几乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。天晚上照常睡着了。【仿写】【仿写】 但是，那位与我素不相识的但是，那位与我素不相识的年轻人，那天就像我的亲兄弟一样帮助年轻人，那天就像我的亲兄弟一样帮助我摆脱了困境。我摆脱了困境。_But the young man, whom I didnt know, helped me out like my own brother that day.3. It seemed as if the world was at

24、an end! 这是一个复合句。主句是这是一个复合句。主句是 _，as if引导表语从句，其后从句中谓语动引导表语从句，其后从句中谓语动词常用虚拟语气。词常用虚拟语气。【翻译】【翻译】 世界似乎到了末日世界似乎到了末日!【仿写】【仿写】 这场仗似乎老打不完。这场仗似乎老打不完。_It seemed It seemed as if the fight would never end. 4. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖部队人员组成

25、小分队，将受困的人们挖 出来，将死者掩埋。出来，将死者掩埋。 句子的主干是句子的主干是The army organized teams, to dig out . and to bury . 这两个不定式短这两个不定式短语作目的状语，语作目的状语，who were trapped是定语从是定语从句，修饰句，修饰 _。 those【仿写】【仿写】 他们种下许多果树，让那些穷他们种下许多果树，让那些穷人富裕起来，而且也是为了保护环境。人富裕起来，而且也是为了保护环境。_They planted plenty of fruit trees to make those who were poor rich and also to protect the environment.dig out 挖掘；发现挖掘；发现to dig out the tapped miners把困在井下的矿工们挖救上来把困在井下的矿工们挖救