1998年克朗奎斯特被子植物分类系统

1、1998年克朗奎斯特被子植物分类系统 作者：J. 利维尔诸葛按：本分类系统是1998年由美国马里兰大学(University of Maryland)的植物分类学家詹姆斯·L·利维尔(James L. Reveal)修订过的克朗奎斯特(A. Cronquist)系统，未正式发表，仅刊载于其发布在网络上的课程讲义中。和1981年克氏系统相比，本系统变动很小，仅以下三个方面：(1)增加了Physenaceae（金缕梅亚纲荨麻目）、Ticodendraceae（金缕梅亚纲壳斗目）、Nothofagaceae（同前）、Rhynchocalycaceae（蔷薇亚纲桃金娘目）、Alza

2、teaceae（同前）、Tepuianthaceae（蔷薇亚纲卫矛目）、Acoraceae（槟榔亚纲天南星目）7科；(2)将蔷薇亚纲山茱萸目的蓝果树科(Nyssaceae)并入山茱萸科(Cornaceae)；(3)将菊亚纲龙胆目的异轮叶科(Retziaceae)移至茄目菟 丝子科(Cuscutaceae)之后。修订后的克氏系统有389科。各分类单位的中文译名中，除了约定俗成的科名和由科 名类推得到的高级分类单位名称外，非国产科的中文译名主要来自汤彦承、路安民被子植物非国产科汉名的初步拟订，植物分类学报，41(3):285- 304(2003)一文。Cronquist System of Ang

3、iosperm Classification (1998)克朗奎斯特被子植物分类系统(1998)Class MAGNOLIOPSIDA木兰纲Subclass I. Magnoliidae木兰亚纲  Order 1. Magnoliales木兰目    Family 1. Winteraceae林仙科           2. Degeneriaceae单心木兰科      &#

4、160;    3. Himantandraceae瓣蕊花科           4. Eupomatiaceae帽花木科           5. Austrobaileyaceae木兰藤科           6. Magnoliaceae木兰科 

5、0;         7. Lactoridaceae囊粉花科           8. Annonaceae番荔枝科           9. Myristacaceae肉豆蔻科          10. Canell

6、aceae白樟科  Order 2. Laurales樟目    Family 1. Amborellaceae无油樟科           2. Trimeniaceae早落瓣科           3. Monimiaceae杯轴花科        

7、60;  4. Gomortegaceae葵乐果科           5. Calycanthaceae蜡梅科           6. Idiospermaceae奇子树科           7. Lauraceae樟科     &#

8、160;     8. Hernandiaceae莲叶桐科  Order 3. Piperales胡椒目    Family 1. Cloranthaceae金粟兰科           2. Saururaceae三白草科           3. Piperaceae胡椒科  

9、;Order 4. Aristolochiales马兜铃目    Family 1. Aristolochiaceae马兜铃科  Order 5. Illiciales八角目    Family 1. Illiciaceae八角科           2. Schisandraceae五味子科  Order 6. Nymphaeales睡莲目   

10、 Family 1. Nelumbonaceae莲科           2. Nymphaeaceae睡莲科           3. Barclayaceae合瓣莲科           4. Cabombaceae莼菜科     &#

11、160;     5. Ceratophyllaceae金鱼藻科  Order 7. Ranunculales毛茛目    Family 1. Ranunculaceae毛茛科           2. Circaeasteraceae星叶草科           3. Berberidaceae小

12、檗科           4. Sargentodoxaceae大血藤科           5. Lardizabalaceae木通科           6. Menispermaceae防己科        

13、60;  7. Coriariaceae马桑科           8. Sabiaceae清风藤科  Order 8. Papaverales罂粟目    Family 1. Papaveraceae罂粟科           2. Fumariaceae紫堇科Subclass II. Hamamelidae金缕梅亚纲

14、0; Order 1. Trochodendrales昆栏树目    Family 1. Tetracentraceae水青树科           2. Trochodendraceae昆栏树科  Order 2. Hamamelidales金缕梅目    Family 1. Cercidiphyllaceae连香树科     

15、0;     2. Eupteliaceae领春木科           3. Platanaceae悬铃木科           4. Hamamelidaceae金缕梅科           5. Myrothamnaceae折扇叶科  

16、;Order 3. Daphniphyllales交让木目    Family 1. Daphniphyllaceae交让木科  Order 4. Didymelales双蕊花目    Family 1. Didymelaceae双蕊花科  Order 5. Eucommiales杜仲目    Family 1. Eucommiaceae杜仲科  Order 6. Urticales荨麻目  &#

17、160; Family 1. Barbeyaceae钩毛叶科           2. Ulmaceae榆科           3. Cannabaceae大麻科           4. Moraceae桑科      

18、60;    5. Cecropiaceae伞树科           6. Urticaceae荨麻科           7. Physenaceae非桐科  Order 7. Leitneriales塞子木目    Family 1. Leitneriaceae塞子木科  Order

19、 8. Juglandales胡桃目    Family 1. Rhoipteleaceae马尾树科           2. Juglandaceae胡桃科  Order 9. Myricales杨梅目    Family 1. Myricaceae杨梅科  Order 10. Fagales壳斗目    Family 1. Balan

20、opaceae橡子木科           2. Ticodendraceae核果桦科           3. Fagaceae壳斗科           4. Nothofagaceae南山毛榉科        &#

21、160;  5. Betulaceae桦木科  Order 11. Casuarinales木麻黄目    Family 1. Casuarinaceae木麻黄科Subclass III. Caryophyllidae石竹亚纲  Order 1. Caryophyllales石竹目    Family 1. Phytolaccaceae商陆科           2.

22、 Achatocarpaceae玛瑙果科           3. Nyctaginaceae紫茉莉科           4. Aizoaceae番杏科           5. Didiereaceae刺戟草科       &

23、#160;   6. Cactaceae仙人掌科           7. Chenopodiaceae藜科           8. Amaranthaceae苋科           9. Portulacaceae马齿苋科    &#

24、160;     10. Basellaceae落葵科          11. Molluginaceae粟米草科          12. Caryophyllaceae石竹科  Order 2. Polygonales蓼目    Family 1. Polygonaceae蓼科

25、60; Order 3. Plumbaginales白花丹目    Family 1. Plumbaginaceae白花丹科Subclass IV. Dilleniidae五桠果亚纲  Order 1. Dilleniales五桠果目    Family 1. Dilleniaceae五桠果科           2. Paeoniaceae芍药科  Order 2.

26、 Theales山茶目    Family 1. Ochnaceae金莲木科           2. Sphaerosepalaceae球萼树科           3. Sarcolaenaceae苞杯花科           4. Dipterocarp

27、aceae龙脑香科           5. Caryocaraceae油桃木科           6. Theaceae山茶科           7. Actinidiaceae猕猴桃科         

28、  8. Scytopetalaceae革瓣花科           9. Pentaphylacaceae五列木科          10. Tetrameristaceae四出花科          11. Pellicieraceae假红树科   

29、60;      12. Oncothecaceae钩药茶科          13. Marcgraviaceae蜜囊花科          14. Quiinaceae绒子树科          15. Elatinaceae沟繁缕科&

30、#160;         16. Paracryphiaceae盔瓣花科          17. Medusagynaceae伞果树科          18. Clusiaceae藤黄科  Order 3. Malvales锦葵目    Fam

31、ily 1. Elaeocarpaceae杜英科           2. Tiliaceae椴树科           3. Sterculiaceae梧桐科           4. Bombacaceae木棉科       

32、    5. Malvaceae锦葵科  Order 4. Lecythidales玉蕊目    Family 1. Lecythidaceae玉蕊科  Order 5. Nepenthales猪笼草目    Family 1. Sarraceniaceae瓶子草科           2. Nepenthaceae猪笼草科  

33、         3. Droseraceae茅膏菜科  Order 6. Violales堇菜目    Family 1. Flacourtiaceae刺篱木科           2. Peridiscaceae围盘树科           3. Bixa

34、ceae红木科           4. Cistaceae半日花科           5. Huaceae蒜树科           6. Lacistemataceae裂药花科          

35、; 7. Scyphostegiaceae杯盖花科           8. Stachyuraceae旌节花科           9. Violaceae堇菜科          10. Tamaricaceae柽柳科      

36、60;   11. Frankeniaceae瓣鳞花科          12. Dioncophyllaceae双钩叶科          13. Ancistrocladaceae钩枝藤科          14. Turneraceae时钟花科 

37、0;        15. Malesherbiaceae王冠草科          16. Passifloraceae西番莲科          17. Achariaceae脊脐子科          18. Ca

38、ricaceae番木瓜科          19. Fouquieriaceae澳可第罗科          20. Hoplestigmataceae干戈柱科          21. Cucurbitaceae葫芦科      

39、0;   22. Datiscaceae四数木科          23. Begoniaceae秋海棠科          24. Loasaceae刺莲花科  Order 7. Salicales杨柳目    Family 1. Salicaceae杨柳科  Order 8. Capp

40、arales白花菜目    Family 1. Tovariaceae鲜芹味科           2. Capparaceae白花菜科           3. Brassicaceae十字花科           4. Moringaceae辣木科

41、0;          5. Resedaceae木犀草科  Order 9. Batales肉穗果目    Family 1. Gyrostemonaceae环蕊木科           2. Bataceae肉穗果科  Order 10. Ericales杜鹃花目    Family

42、1. Cyrillaceae翅萼树科           2. Clethraceae桤叶树科           3. Grubbiaceae毛盘花科           4. Empetraceae岩高兰科       

43、60;   5. Epacridaceae澳石南科           6. Ericaceae杜鹃花科           7. Pyrolaceae鹿蹄草科           8. Monotropaceae水晶兰科  Order 11. Diapens

44、iales岩梅目    Family 1. Diapensiaceae岩梅科  Order 12. Ebenales柿树目    Family 1. Sapotaceae山榄科           2. Ebenaceae柿树科           3. Styracaceae安息香科 &

45、#160;         4. Lissocarpaceae光果科           5. Symplocaceae山矾科  Order 13. Primulales报春花目    Family 1. Theophrastaceae拟棕科          

46、; 2. Myrsinaceae紫金牛科           3. Primulaceae报春花科Subclass V. Rosidae蔷薇亚纲  Order 1. Rosales蔷薇目    Family 1. Brunelliaceae槽柱花科           2. Connaraceae牛栓藤科   

47、;        3. Eucryphiaceae落帽花科           4. Cunoniaceae南蔷薇科           5. Davidsoniaceae大维逊李科           6. Dialypetal

48、anthaceae拟素馨科           7. Pittosporaceae海桐花科           8. Byblidaceae二型腺毛科           9. Hydrangeaceae八仙花科       &#

49、160;  10. Columelliaceae弯药树科          11. Grossulariaceae茶藨子科          12. Greyiaceae鞘叶树科          13. Bruniaceae鳞叶树科    

50、;      14. Anisophylleaceae异叶木科          15. Alseuosmiaceae假海桐科          16. Crassulaceae景天科          17. Cephalotaceae囊

51、叶草科          18. Saxifragaceae虎耳草科          19. Rosaceae蔷薇科          20. Neuradaceae两极孔草科          2

52、1. Crossosomataceae流苏子科          22. Chrysobalanaceae可可李科          23. Surianaceae海人树科          24. Rhabdodendraceae棒状木科  Order 2. Fabales豆目

53、    Family 1. Mimosaceae含羞草科           2. Caesalpiniaceae云实科           3. Fabaceae豆科  Order 3. Proteales山龙眼目    Family 1. Elaeagnaceae胡颓子科  

54、         2. Proteaceae山龙眼科  Order 4. Podostemales川薹草目    Family 1. Podostemaceae川薹草科  Order 5. Haloragales小二仙草目    Family 1. Haloragaceae小二仙草科         

55、0; 2. Gunneraceae大叶草科  Order 6. Myrtales桃金娘目    Family 1. Sonneratiaceae海桑科           2. Lythraceae千屈菜科           3. Rhynchocalycaceae喙萼花科     &#

56、160;     4. Alzateaceae双隔果科           5. Penaeaceae管萼木科           6. Crypteroniaceae隐翼科           7. Thymelaeaceae瑞香科  &

57、#160;        8. Trapaceae菱科           9. Myrtaceae桃金娘科          10. Punicaceae石榴科          11. Onagraceae柳叶菜科 

58、         12. Oliniaceae方枝树科          13. Melastomataceae野牡丹科          14. Combretaceae使君子科  Order 7. Rhizophorales红树目    Fami

59、ly 1. Rhizophoraceae红树科  Order 8. Cornales山茱萸目    Family 1. Alangiaceae八角枫科           2. Cornaceae山茱萸科           3. Garryaceae丝缨花科  Order 9. Santalales檀香目 

60、   Family 1. Meduandraceae毛丝花科           2. Dipentodontaceae十齿花科           3. Olacaceae铁青树科           4. Opiliaceae山柚子科  

61、0;        5. Santalaceae檀香科           6. Misodendraceae羽果科           7. Loranthaceae桑寄生科           8. Viscaceae槲寄生科

62、           9. Eremolepidaceae绿乳科          10. Balanophoraceae蛇菰科  Order 10. Rafflesiales大花草目    Family 1. Hydnoraceae腐臭草科        &

63、#160;  2. Mitrastemonaceae帽蕊草科           3. Rafflesiaceae大花草科  Order 11. Celastrales卫矛目    Family 1. Geissolomataceae四棱果科           2. Celastraceae卫矛科  

64、60;        3. Hippocrateaceae翅子藤科           4. Stackhousiaceae异雄蕊科           5. Salvadoraceae刺茉莉科           6. Tepu

65、ianthaceae绢毛果科           7. Aquifoliaceae冬青科           8. Icacinaceae茶茱萸科           9. Aextoxicaceae毒羊树科       

66、0;  10. Cardiopteridaceae心翼果科          11. Corynocarpaceae棒果木科          12. Dichapetalaceae毒鼠子科  Order 12. Euphorbiales大戟目    Family 1. Buxaceae黄杨科  &

67、#160;        2. Simmondsiaceae油蜡树科           3. Pandaceae攀打科           4. Euphorbiaceae大戟科  Order 13. Rhamnales鼠李目    Family 1. Rhamnac

68、eae鼠李科           2. Leeaceae火筒树科           3. Vitaceae葡萄科  Order 14. Linales亚麻目    Family 1. Erythroxylaceae古柯科          

69、; 2. Humiriaceae树脂核科           3. Ixonanthaceae粘木科           4. Hugoniaceae亚麻藤科           5. Linaceae亚麻科  Order 15. Polygalales远志目 

70、0;  Family 1. Malpighiaceae金虎尾科           2. Vochysiaceae囊萼花科           3. Trigoniaceae三角果科           4. Tremandraceae孔药木科   

71、        5. Polygalaceae远志科           6. Xanthophyllaceae黄叶树科           7. Krameriaceae刺球果科  Order 16. Sapindales无患子目    Family 1. Stapy

72、leaceae省沽油科           2. Melianthaceae蜜花科           3. Bretschneideraceae钟萼木科           4. Akaniaceae叠珠树科       

73、60;   5. Sapindaceae无患子科           6. Hippocastanaceae七叶树科           7. Aceraceae槭树科           8. Burseraceae橄榄科    

74、0;      9. Anacardiaceae漆树科          10. Julianiaceae三柱草科          11. Simaroubaceae苦木科          12. Cneoraceae叶柄花科 

75、0;        13. Meliaceae楝科          14. Rutaceae芸香科          15. Zygophyllaceae蒺藜科  Order 17. Geraniales牻牛儿苗目    Family 1. Oxalidac

76、eae酢浆草科           2. Geraniaceae牻牛儿苗科           3. Limnanthaceae沼花科           4. Tropaeolaceae旱金莲科        

77、0;  5. Balsaminaceae凤仙花科  Order 18. Apiales伞形目    Family 1. Araliaceae五加科           2. Apiaceae伞形科Subclass VI. Asteridae菊亚纲  Order 1. Gentianales龙胆目    Family 1. Loganiaceae马钱科 

78、60;         2. Gentianaceae龙胆科           3. Saccifoliaceae勺叶木科           4. Apocynaceae夹竹桃科           5. Ascle

79、piadaceae萝藦科  Order 2. Solanales茄目    Family 1. Duckeodendraceae核果茄科           2. Nolanaceae假茄科           3. Solanaceae茄科        &

80、#160;  4. Convolvulaceae旋花科           5. Cuscutaceae菟丝子科           6. Retziaceae异轮叶科           7. Menyanthaceae睡菜科     &

81、#160;     8. Polemoniaceae花荵科           9. Hydrophyllaceae田基麻科  Order 3. Lamiales唇形目    Family 1. Lennoaceae多室花科           2. Boraginaceae紫草科 

82、60;         3. Verbenaceae马鞭草科           4. Lamiaceae唇形科  Order 4. Callitrichales水马齿目    Family 1. Hippuridaceae杉叶藻科           2.

83、Callitrichaceae水马齿科           3. Hydrostachyaceae水穗草科  Order 5. Plantaginales车前目    Family 1. Plantaginaceae车前科  Order 6. Scrophulariales玄参目    Family 1. Buddlejaceae醉鱼草科   &#

84、160;       2. Oleaceae木犀科           3. Scrophulariaceae玄参科           4. Globulariaceae肾药花科           5. Myoporaceae苦槛蓝科&

85、#160;          6. Orobanchaceae列当科           7. Gesneriaceae苦苣苔科           8. Acanthaceae爵床科           9.

86、 Pedaliaceae胡麻科          10. Bignoniaceae紫葳科          11. Mendonciaceae对叶藤科          12. Lentibulariaceae狸藻科  Order 7. Campanulales桔梗目 

87、   Family 1. Pentaphragmataceae五膜草科           2. Sphenocleaceae楔瓣花科           3. Campanulaceae桔梗科           4. Stylidiaceae花柱草科 &#

88、160;         5. Donatiaceae陀螺果科           6. Brunoniaceae蓝针花科           7. Goodeniaceae草海桐科  Order 8. Rubiales茜草目    Family 1. Rub

89、iaceae茜草科           2. Theligonaceae假牛繁缕科  Order 9. Dipsacales川续断目    Family 1. Caprifoliaceae忍冬科           2. Adoxaceae五福花科       

90、0;   3. Valerianaceae败酱科           4. Dipsacaceae川续断科  Order 10. Calycerales萼角花目    Family 1. Calyceraceae萼角花科  Order 11. Asterales菊目Family 1. Asteraceae菊科Class LILIOPSIDA百合纲Subclass I. Alismatidae泽泻亚

91、纲  Order 1. Alismatales泽泻目    Family 1. Butomaceae花蔺科           2. Limnocharitaceae黄花蔺科           3. Alismataceae泽泻科  Order 2. Hydrocharitales水鳖目  

92、60; Family 1. Hydrocharitaceae水鳖科  Order 3. Najadales茨藻目    Family 1. Aponogetonaceae水蕹科           2. Scheuchzeriaceae冰沼草科           3. Juncaginaceae水麦冬科  

93、         4. Potamogetonaceae眼子菜科           5. Ruppiaceae川蔓藻科           6. Najadaceae茨藻科           7. Zannichel

94、liaceae角果藻科           8. Posidoniaceae波喜荡科           9. Cymodoceaceae丝粉藻科          10. Zosteraceae大叶藻科  Order 4. Triuridales霉草目  &

95、#160; Family 1. Petrosaviaceae无叶莲科           2. Triuridaceae霉草科Subclass II. Arecidae槟榔亚纲  Order 1. Arecales槟榔目    Family 1. Arecaceae槟榔科  Order 2. Cyclanthales巴拿马草目    Family 1. Cyclant

96、haceae巴拿马草科  Order 3. Pandanales露兜树目    Family 1. Pandanaceae露兜树科  Order 4. Arales天南星目    Family 1. Acoraceae菖蒲科           2. Araceae天南星科         

97、;  3. Lemnaceae浮萍科Subclass III. Commelinidae鸭跖草亚纲  Order 1. Commelinales鸭跖草目    Family 1. Rapateaceae瑞碑题雅科           2. Xyridaceae黄眼草科           3. Mayacaceae花水藓科           4. Commelinaceae鸭跖草科