高中英语基础---介词

1、熟读下列各句熟读下列各句, 注意介词的意义和用法。注意介词的意义和用法。1. I went to Hongkong for two weeks.我我去香港呆了两个星期。去香港呆了两个星期。2. We dont have classes on Sundays.星期星期天我们不上课。天我们不上课。熟读深思熟读深思3.We have known each other since ten years ago. 我们十年前就认识了。我们十年前就认识了。4.You must waithim till tomorrow. 你你必须一直等他到明天。必须一直等他到明天。5.There are all kinds

2、 of beautiful flowers along the street. 沿街有着各种美丽的花。沿街有着各种美丽的花。 6. Korea lies to the east of China.韩韩国位于中国的东面。国位于中国的东面。7. There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。村子周围有很多树围绕。8. Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想法？你赞同还是反对我的想法？9. I was surprised at the news.听到这听到这消息我大吃一惊。消息我大吃一惊。10.

3、 Thanks to John, we won the game.多亏约翰多亏约翰, 我们才赢了这场比赛。我们才赢了这场比赛。11. I went there by bus.我是坐公共汽我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。车去的那儿。12. He broke the window with a stone.他用石头把窗户砸坏了。他用石头把窗户砸坏了。13. They talk in Japanese.他们用日语他们用日语交谈。交谈。14. They talked on the telephone.他们他们通过电话进行交谈。通过电话进行交谈。15. Except Dick, you all can go.除

4、迪除迪克外克外, 你们都可以去。你们都可以去。16.Thirty students went to the park besides him.除他以外除他以外, 还有还有30个学生个学生去了公园。去了公园。17. He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.他躺在那儿他躺在那儿, 眼眼睛望着天空。睛望着天空。18. Its a book on the history of Korea.是一本有关韩国历史的书。是一本有关韩国历史的书。1.英语中的介词很多英语中的介词很多, 常见的有：常见的有： 表示时间的表示时间的at, in, on, by; a

5、fter; before; since; for; during; within; throughout; over; until/till; between等。等。 表示方位的表示方位的into；out of；along；(a)round；down；up；from；off；at；for；to；towards；at；in；on；above；below；among；between；around；inside；outside；before；behind；over；under；beside/by；near；beyond；across；against；across；by/past；over；throu

6、gh等。等。 表示原因的表示原因的because of，owing to, due to，for，with，at(在表示情感变化在表示情感变化后的词后后的词后)等。等。 表示方式、方法或手段的表示方式、方法或手段的by; in用用(某某种语言或材料，如墨水等种语言或材料，如墨水等)；with用用(具体具体的工具的工具)；through通过通过(实践或书本实践或书本)等。等。 表示表示“除除外外” 的的except， besides， but， except for， apart from等。等。 表示表示“数量数量” 的的about，around(大约大约)，over(超过超过)等。等。 表示

7、表示“关于关于” 的的on， about等。等。 表示表示“所属所属” “部分与整体关系部分与整体关系” 的的of。 表示表示(增加增加/减少，相差，高出等的减少，相差，高出等的)程度的程度的by。 as(当作，作为当作，作为)，like(像像.一样一样)等。等。(11) 能接复合宾语的能接复合宾语的with和和without。(12) 短语中的介词。如短语中的介词。如look after， congratulations on，get on with， do well in，have an effect on等。等。2. 介词后一定要接宾语，作宾语的通常介词后一定要接宾语，作宾语的通常是名词

8、、代词或动名词，因此，做语法是名词、代词或动名词，因此，做语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词，且他们不是在句中作主语或动词的词，且他们不是在句中作主语或动词的宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。然后根据句子意思和具体语境来确定填然后根据句子意思和具体语境来确定填哪一个介词。哪一个介词。介词是语法填空的一个必考点介词是语法填空的一个必考点, 请做以下请做以下近年广东高考语法填空题中与介词相关的近年广东高考语法填空题中与介词相关的题吧。题吧。1. I didnt want to be laughed at for talkin

9、g to him but I didnt like leaving him _his own either.介词与广东高考介词与广东高考因因on ones own (=alone)是固定搭配是固定搭配, 所以所以填填on。 on2. His teacher took a deep drink and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home _a happy heart.名词名词a happy heart 在句中不作主语在句中不作主语,也不也不作动词的宾语作动词的宾语, 就应是作介词的宾

10、语就应是作介词的宾语, 空空格处应填介词格处应填介词; 由句意可知由句意可知, 是指这个年是指这个年轻人轻人“带着带着”愉快的心情回家愉快的心情回家, 表示表示“带带着着”用用with。with3. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _sale.固定搭配固定搭配on sale, 表示表示“出售出售”。on4. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, he

11、r parents were already _ table having supper.名词名词(table)在句中不作主语在句中不作主语, 也不作动词也不作动词的宾语的宾语, 很可能就是作介词的宾语很可能就是作介词的宾语; 由由having supper可知可知, 填填at; 因为因为at table表表示示“在餐桌边在餐桌边, 在进餐在进餐”, 也是习惯搭配。也是习惯搭配。 at5. Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. _ these proverb

12、s there are often interesting stories.指指“在这些成语的背后在这些成语的背后”或或“在这些成语在这些成语里里”常常会有一些有趣的故事常常会有一些有趣的故事, 表示表示“在在的背后的背后”, 用介词用介词behind, 表示表示“在在里里”, 用用In。 Behind/In6. He was very tired _doing this for a whole day.因因“他感到很累他感到很累”应是应是“在他做了一整在他做了一整天事之后天事之后”, 表示表示“在在之后之后”, 用介词用介词after;另外另外be tired from doing表示表示“

13、因因做某事而累做某事而累”，所以也可填，所以也可填from。after/from7.I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me _ a guest in their house.意思是意思是“把我当作客人把我当作客人”来接待来接待, 表表示示“当作当作, 作为作为”, 用介词用介词as。as8. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends

14、 in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman _ the trouble I had caused her.表示表示“因因而酬谢而酬谢/报答某人报答某人”是是reward sb. for sth.。for一、单句填空请填入一个适当的词。一、单句填空请填入一个适当的词。1. So, I just looked at her _a questioning expression on my face.灵活运用灵活运用表示脸上表示脸上“带着带着”疑问的表情。疑问的表情。 with2. During the winter, they remind t

15、hemselves, “This wont last long; well soon be out of here.” And _ the first warm day, the ants are out.表示表示“在在”具体的某一天。具体的某一天。 on.3. He asked me to feed the birds for him and said that he would leave the key _ his front door in my mailbox.是是“相关连相关连”的习惯表达的习惯表达, “门的钥门的钥匙匙”是是the key(s) to the door。to.4.

16、 I once took a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk, _a Pepsi can in my hand.4. 构成构成with复合结构，表伴随。复合结构，表伴随。5. She stared at me _a few seconds and handed back the money. 5. 搭配搭配“for + some time”。with for.6.It was a cold and cloudy afternoon. I was on the bus with my children， aged four and two, he

17、ading home when it started to rain. I realized this would mean a wet walk home _ the bus stop.此处意为此处意为“从从处处”。 from.7. Dudley has a history dating back over 1, 000 years, and its famous castle has been there _the 8th century.整个句子是现在完成时，整个句子是现在完成时，since短语表示一段短语表示一段时间。时间。8. We should take some measures

18、 to fight _pollution. 8. 短语：短语：fight against同同作斗争。作斗争。sinceagainst .9. Seated in your home you are capable _ finding a lot of sources.搭配搭配: be capable of doing sth.有能力做某有能力做某事。事。10. To pay for the high-tech health care， people can buy health insurance _their pets. 10. 表示表示“为为”。offor.11. Some high sc

19、hool students may be required to have an interview _people from the university.11. 表示表示“同，和同，和”某人面谈。某人面谈。12. During one visit _the Pacific islands of Tonga, a specially prepared dinner was arranged in her honor. 用名词用名词visit有示有示“参观某地参观某地”, 后接介词后接介词to,再再接地点。接地点。withto.13. Many years ago, when I worked

20、 _ a volunteer at Stanford Hospital, I got to know a little girl named Liza.表示表示“作为作为”某种身份。某种身份。14. Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _food safety problem. 注意介词短语注意介词短语to food safety problems 是用于修是用于修饰名词饰名词answers的后置定语的后置定语, 由于它被句子的谓由于它被句子的谓语部分隔开了语部分隔开了, 所以很容易搞错。所以很容易搞错。asto.15. With new

21、technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _color.15. 搭配：搭配：in colour有颜色的，彩色的。有颜色的，彩色的。16. Wed better discuss everything _ detail before we work out the plan. 搭配：搭配：in detail详细地。句意为：我们在执行详细地。句意为：我们在执行计划之前最好把所有事情都详细地进行讨论。计划之前最好把所有事情都详细地进行讨论。inin.17. This shop will be closed for repairs _

22、 further notice.搭配：搭配：until further notice另行通知。另行通知。18. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years. 表示表示“度过度过”。句意为：毕业典礼是你感谢那。句意为：毕业典礼是你感谢那些曾经帮助你度过艰苦岁月的人的最好时候。些曾经帮助你度过艰苦岁月的人的最好时候。throughuntil.19.Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree.意思是意思是“背靠着大树背靠着大

23、树”, 表示表示“靠靠着着”,用介词用介词against。against.20.How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space！ Its a challenge, I guess, _ man against nature. 句中的句中的I guess 为插入语为插入语, 若撇开它不看若撇开它不看, 句子则为：句子则为：Its a challenge man against nature.此时可明显看出填介词此时可明显看出填介词of。句意。句意为：这是人类征服自然的挑战。为：这是人类征服自然的挑战。of21. Everyb

24、ody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story.表示表示“无法用语言表达无法用语言表达”用用beyond words。22. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _easy reach. 表示表示“在易于到达的距离以内在易于到达的距离以内”用用within easy reach (of)。beyondwithin23. Try on this red skirt; you will look great _ it.23. 表示表示“穿着穿着”。24

25、. Children need friends _their own age to play with. 24. 意为意为“年龄年龄”。又如：。又如：We have a son of your age.我们有个儿子和你同岁。我们有个儿子和你同岁。inof 25. Nancy suffered _a serious disease and she could no longer walk.25. 表示表示“患病患病”用用suffer from。26. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and brought me _her worl

26、d, a world of smiles, love and warmth. 26. 意思是带我意思是带我“进入进入”了她的世界。了她的世界。into from Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1 _children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. 二、语篇填空二、语篇填空1. 表示目的。表示目的。forA woman 2 _the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3 _the idea for Fathers Day while listening to a Mothers Day sermon 4 _1909.2. with the name of =named/c