一般过去时的用法及结构

1、一般过去时的用法及结构1 一般过去时的基本用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等。【举例】I got up at 6:30 yesterday.我昨天 6:30 起床。My father was very busy last week.我父亲上周很忙。2 一般过去时的基本结构 肯定句“主语动词过去式其他”或者“主语 was were 其他” 。【举例】I played tennis last weeke

2、nd.我上周末打网球了。My school trip was great. 我的学校郊游棒极了。 否定句“主语 didn t 动词原形其他”或“主语 wasn t weren t 其他”。【举例】The girl didn t play computer games yesterday afternoon.这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。Old Henry wasn t happy last Friday. 上星期五老亨利不高兴。 一般疑问句“Did 主语动词原形其他？”肯定回答为“Yes ，主语did ”，否定回答为“No ，主语didn t”或者“Was Were 主语其他？”肯定回答为“Y

3、es ，主语was were ”，否定回答为“No ，主语wasn t weren t ”。【举例】Did you go to the beach? 你们去海滩了吗？ Yes, we did. No, we didn t. 是的，我们去了。不，我们没有。 Was your weekend OK? 你的周末过得还行吧？ Yes, it was. No, it wasn t. 是的，还行。不，不行。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词一般疑问句（顺序）？【举例】What did Li Lei do last weekend?李雷上周末干什么了？ He visited his grandparents.他去看了

4、他的祖父母。 Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿？I was at home. 我在家里。为了便于记忆行为动词（实义动词）的一般过去时用法及结构，我们可用以下歌诀来帮助记忆：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志。否定形式很简单，主语之后didn t 添。谓语动词要还原。疑问构成有规则，主语前面加did 。过去式的构成be 动词和实义动词过去式的构成： 系动词 be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和 were 。其中 was 是 am 和 is 的过去式，were 是 are 的过去式。 规则动词过去式的构成：一般在动词末尾加ed 。 【举例

5、】walk walked play played以不发音e 结尾的动词末尾只加d 。 【举例】love loved decide decided结尾是 “辅音字母 y ”的动词。 先将 y 变为 i， 再加 ed 。 【举例】 study studied carry carried末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写该辅音字母，再加ed 。 【举例】stop stopped plan planned规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆：过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加ed 如果词尾有个e（不发音的），只需直接加上d 。“辅音字母 y ”在词尾，变 y 为 i 加 ed 。“一辅重闭”作尾

6、巴，双写之后加 ed 。随堂练习：一写出下列动词的过去式。1.am is 2.do 3.go _4.have _5.isn t 6. aren t _ 7.spend_ 8.cook_9.read 10.clean 11.live _12.study_二用适当的词完成下列对话。1. How was your weekend? It What you last weekend ?_ great. I _ some homework.2. What she last weekend? She _to the beach.3. What they do last weekend? They to t

7、he movies.三用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1 . We (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.2 .Jack (study) for the English test last Sunday.3 .you (go) to the Great Wall last year?4 . What day (be) it yesterday?5 .The old man (be)ill and went to see a doctor.6 .We (have) a party last night.7 .We (visit) the museum

8、and went home.8 . How (be) the students? They were very friendly.9 .He often (have) supper at home. Today he (have) supper at school.10 .We had great fun (play) in the water.11 .That made me (feel) very happy.12 . he (have) lunch at nine? No, he didn t.13 .They (buy) a guitar yesterday.四句型转换。1. He c

9、ame here last month. ( 改为否定句) He here last month.1.1. hey played football this morning. (改 为 一 般 疑 问 句 并 作 简 略 回 答 ) they football this morning? Yes, they . No, they .3 .They went to Beijing last year. ( 就划线部分提问)they last year.4 .Tom watched TV last night. ( 改为一般疑问句)Tom TV last night?5 .Mary does ho

10、mework every day. ( 用 last night 改写句子)Mary .一般现在时的用法与结构1 、一般现在时的定义及构成一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。（1） be（am,is,are） 动词 ： （作谓语动词时） 肯定句 :主语 +be 动词 （am,is,are）+ 其它。如： I am a student.（ 主语 +be 动词 +名词 ） They are hungry.（主语 +be 动词 +形容词） He is out.（ 主语 +be 动词+副词） That pen is mine.（ 主语 +be 动词 +代词） I am fi

11、fteen.（ 主语 +be 动词+数词） The bike is under the tree.（ 主语 +be 动词 +介词短语） 运用 am,is,are 写三个句子否定句：主语+ be（am,is,are） + not + 其它。如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。运用 am,is,are 写三个句子一般疑问句：Be（am,is,are） + 主语 +其它。如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.运用 am,is,are 写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如： Where is my bik

12、e? 运用 am,is,are 写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词（ what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what sha pe,what colour, ） ,找句子中有没有be 动词（ is, am 或者 are）或情态动词或者助动词（特殊疑问句: 疑问词 +be 动词（ is, am 或者 are ）或情态动词或者助动词+其他?）（2）行为动词：主语 +行为动词+（其它）。（作谓语动词时） 1） 主语不是第三人称单数时，肯定句为：主语+动词原形+其它否定式为：主语+don't+ 动词原形+其它疑问

13、句为：Do+ 主语+动词原形+其它？e.g. We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese? -Yes, I do. / No, I don't. They don't speak Chinese. 写三个句子2）当主语是第三人称单数时：（he,she,it,A/An, 单独的人或事物:Lily/book）肯定句为:主语+动词（词尾加s 或es） +其它。否定式为：主语+doesn't+ 动词原形+其它.疑问句式：Does+ 主语 +动词原形+其它？ He speaks English. He doesn't speaks Eng

14、lish. - Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?3）动词 +s 的变化规则（1） 一般情况下，直接加-s ，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks（2） 以 s. x. sh. ch. o结 尾 ， 加 -es ， 如 ：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes（3） 以 "辅音字母+y" 结尾，

15、变y 为 i, 再加 -es ，如： study-studies（4） 情态动 词( 作谓语 动词时 )(can,could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,need,shall,should,will,would) 时， 句子结构为：肯定句：主语+ 情态动词+动词原形。否定句：主语+情态动词+not+ 动词原形一般疑问句;情态动词+主语 +动词原形+其他？特殊疑问句：疑问词+情态动词+主语 +动词原形+其他？Eg: He can speak English. Can I help you? What can I do for you?在实际应用中，一般现在

16、时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month ),once a week, on Sundays 例句： He usually plays football on Sundays.一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数talkforgethopestopperformplaysaybuyworryflystudylikemaketake_loverecitebecomecomedrive二、句型转换1. The children have a good time in the park.否定句：

17、一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：2. There is about nine hundred people at the concert.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：3. Ann does her homework yesterday evening.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：4. I read an English book.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定 / 否定回答：对划线部分提问：5. My brother is in the park just now.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：一般现在时第三人称单数句型转换练习1. I go to school before 7:

18、00 in the morning.( he ) 2. I always go shopping with my mum on Sunday.( she ) 3.1 sometimes play computer games after school on Sunday.( he ) 4. I always take exercise after class on Monday.( my mother )一、巧记一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be 用 was 或用 were, have,has 变 had ；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed ，若是特殊得硬记。不

19、含be 动词时 含 be 动词时否定句很简单，主语之后didn t 添；疑问句也不难，did 放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did ，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were, 否定就把not 添。疑问句也不难，要把was ， were 放在主语前。二、 be 的一般过去时：学习动词be 的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词 be 的一般过去时。be 的过去时有四巧：一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢；二是形式巧，单数was ，复数 were ；三巧是否定句结构，not 紧跟 was were ；四是疑问句式巧，was were 向前跑(提前)。【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。

20、一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。1. yesterday 或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening) 等；2. 由 “ last+ 一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；3. 由 “时间段 +ago ” 构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 其它： just now 等5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第

21、一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was ；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were 。例 如 ： I was in the classroom yesterday morning 昨 天 早 上 我 在 教 室He was at school last Tuesday 上周二他在学校。They were over there a moment ago 刚才他们在那边。与动词 be 的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not 即可变成否定句，并且was, were 与not 可以缩写成wasn't, weren't 。即： 主语 wasn't weren

22、9;t 表语 其他。例如：I was not ( wasn't) here yesterday 昨天我不在这儿。My parents were not ( weren't) at home last Sunday 上周日我父母不在家。【四巧】疑问句式巧。把 was, were 提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即： Was(Were) 主语 表语 其他？这恰巧与动词be 的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。例如： Were you at home the day before yesterday 前天你在家吗？Was she late this morning今天早上她迟到了吗？

23、更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语 was were ”；否定回答用“No, 主语 wasn't weren't ”。例如：Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？ Yes, they were (No, they weren't ) 是的，她们在。(不，她们不在。)一、单项选择：从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)()1 My father ill yesterday A isn't B aren't C wasn't D weren't

24、()2 your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were( )3 The twins in Dalian last year They here now Aare; were B were; are C was; are D were; was( )4 your father at work the day yesterday( 前天) AWas; beforeBIs; beforeC Was; afterD Is; after( )5 Who was on duty last Friday A I amBI was C Yes, I

25、 was D No, I wasn't( )6. I cleaned my classroom .A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hoursDthree hours before ( ) 7. I came my house two days ago .A back on B back to C to back D back ( )8 . ? He did some reading at home.A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your b

26、rother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brothe r go last Sunday( ) 9. What did you do ? I went to the movies.A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday( ) 10. The koala sleeps ， but gets up .A during the day; at the eveningB at day dur

27、ing nightC in the day during the evening D during the day ; at night二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)1. I (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. she (practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she .3. What Tom (do) on Saturday evening?He (watch) TV and (read) an interesting book.4. They all (go) to the mountains yesterd

28、ay morning.5. She (not visit) her aunt last weekend.She (stay) at home and (do) some cleaning.6. When you (write) this song? I (write) it last year.7. My friend, Carol, (study) for the math test and (practice) English last night.8. Mr. Li (do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he .9. How (be) Jim&

29、#39;s weekend? It (be not) bad.10. (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she .三、翻译下列句子(20)1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。I exciting weekend.2. Jenny 喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jenny likes . She an English book last night.3. Emma 每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。EmmaTV every day. But he yesterday.4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。What they

30、 Saturday?They homework and .5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。This morning Fangfang because his father yesterday.6. 你还有什么要说的？What would you like ?Don7. 放 学 别 忘 了 向 老 师 说 声 再 见 。t forget the teacher.8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？Why you TV last night?9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When he the classroom, he a watch on the ground.10. 他什么

31、时候出生的？1980 年。-When he ? -1980.四、改写句子：(20)1. 、 Lucy did her homework at home. (改否定句)Lucy her homework at home.2. 、 He found some meat in the fridge (冰箱). (变一般疑问句)he meat in the fridge?3. There was some orange in the cup. (变一般疑问句)there orange in the cup?4. Frank read an interesting book about history.

32、（一般疑问句）Frank an interesting book about history?5. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） out for a walk?6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book.（否定句）ThomasRMB 10 on this book.7. My family went to the beach last week.（划线提问）family last week?8. I think she is Lily s sister. （否定句。注意否定转移）9. Sally often does some r

33、eading in the morning.（否定句）Sally often some reading in the morning.10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） he ? 五、 改错题 （20）1 How is Jane yesterday? 2 He go to school by bus last week. 3 He often goes home at 6:00 last month. 4 I can fly kites seven years ago. 5 Did you saw him just now. 6 Tom wasn t watc

34、h TV last night. 7 I didn t my homework yesterday. 8 He wait for you three hours ago. 9 Who find it just now ? 10 .What make him cry （ 哭 ） just now? 六、完形填空（10）Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1things after school And his teacher always2a lot of mistakes in his homework

35、 Then one day ， his maths teacher 3at Tom s homework and saw that he got all his answers right He was very 4and surprised （ 惊奇）The next morning before class，he called Tom 5his desk and 6to him ，“ You got all your homework right this time Did your father help you？” Sometimes Tom s father helped him with his homework，7this time he didnt help Tom because he 8at home So Tom answered ，“ NO ，Sir He Was busy last night ， so I 9to do it 10 ”（）1 Aothers B another C the other D other（）2 Amade B found C looked at D looked（）3