七年级英语Unit10Wheredidyougoonvacation人教新目标版知识精讲

1、真诚为您提供优质参考资料，若有不当之处，请指正。七年级英语Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 人教新目标版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容： Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?（一）语言功能 Talk about past events Exchange the seeing, hearings and feelings on vacation with others（二）语言目标 Learn to use was, were The general questions of the Simple Past Tens

2、e and the responses Learn to write diaries in English.（三）语言结构 What, Where, how questions Continue to learn the past forms of regular and irregular verbs. Did he/ she/ you/ they? Yes, did. （No, didnt）（四）重点词汇 felt, museum, stayed, were, summer camp expensive, awful, crowded, delicious, fantastic, be l

3、ost, all day（五）重点句型How was the weather? It was sunny.How were the people? They were friendly.Did you feel happy? Yes, I did.（No, I didnt.）（六）语法解析 英语中的动词分类要学好English，理解掌握动词的意义和作用非常重要。首先，动词有第三人称单数、原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、不定式等不同的形式变化，用法上各司其职。另外动词家族通常也划分成四个类别。 （1）行为动词。多表示动作、行为，有及物与不及物动词（vt与vi）之分，其作用特征是能够独立充当谓语

4、。如： We played happily. （vi）They are playing tennis.（vt）（2）连系动词。表 示事物的特征、状态变化的过程等。可组成一类句子，名叫“主+系+表”，可将其归为三类。 表示状态的，如be（是），seem, stay, keep等。如： We are in Grade 7. 表示对事物的分析过程，可译为“起来”。像feel, look, sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来）等。如： The meat tastes good. 表示变化的，有“变得”之意。如：become, turn, grow, get, go, com

5、e等。如： Soon the man grew angry.（3）助动词。常用的有do, be, have/ has, will/ shall等词，它们无词义，要依靠主要动词，在句中起的作用是： 帮助构成疑问句。如： Does he live in a big city? 帮助构成否定关系。如： We do not go to school on Sunday. 表示时态关系。如： We are studying English. 表示语态关系。如： The e-mail was written by him.（4）情态动词。这类动词另有一定的词义，但也要依赖于主要的动词而存在，它们没有人称及

6、数的变化，它们是can, may, must, need, ought to, dare, had better等。如： As a student, I must work hard. 练习：I. 单句改错。下列各句中有一处错误，指出并予以纠正。 1. Were you cook dinner for your family last Saturday? _ 2.Nancy played violin at the party yesterday evening. _ 3. How was the beaches in Hawaii（夏威夷）? _ 4. Look! They are play

7、 the computer games. _ 5. Did you have a great time there? Yes, I was. _Keys: 1. Were àDid 2. violinà the violin 3. wasà were 4. playà playing 5. was à did II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Our train ride to Kunming was _（relax）. 2. I was unhappy because the people there were _（friend）. 3

8、. The girl _ much time _（watch）TV last term.（上学期） 4. What did they go to the _（mountain）for? 5. Its winter now. Many birds are _（fly）to the south. 6. We always have fun _（learn）English. 7. That day the weather _（be not）hot nor cold. 8. She always _（walk）to school last year because she _（has）no bike.

9、 9. What day _（be）it yesterday? _ you _（has）a PE class? 10. The bus is too _（crowd）. I decide _（wait）for the next bus.Keys: 1. relaxing 2. unfriendly 3. didnt have, to watch 4. mountains 5. flying 6. learning 7. was neither 8. walked, had 9. was, Did, have 10. crowded, to wait（七）疑难解析 1. Where did Ti

10、na go on vacation? 蒂娜到哪儿去度假？ She went to the mountains. 她去山中。 where did是一般过去时的特殊疑问句，did是助动词。在一般过去时的句中，在主语之前加did可构成疑问句，在主语之后，动词之前加didnt可构成否定句，此时谓语动词用原形。 What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做什么啦？ Did you finish the work? 你把工作干完了吗？ 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，经常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week, last year, an hou

11、r ago, the other day, just now等。 They had a good time last night. 他们昨晚过得非常愉快。 I worked in Shanghai two years ago. 两年前我在上海工作。 2. Where did he go on vacation? 他去哪儿度假的？ He stayed at home. 他呆在家里。 stay at home“呆在家里”是一固定短语，类似的还有：stay in bed“卧床”，be at home“在家”，be at school“在上学”，be at work“在工作”等等。 3. She vi

12、sited her uncle. 她看望了她叔叔。 I went to the summer camp. 我参加了夏令营。 go to+地点名词，意为“去地方”。而visit sb. / sp.看望某人/参观某地。如： They will visit the Science Museum. 他们将参观科学博物馆。 Yesterday we went to the Palace Museum. 昨天我去了故宫博物院。 4. What did these people think of their vacation? 人们认为他们的假期过得怎样？ 该句用于表示询问某人对某人或某事的看法、感受。也可

13、以说How did these people like about their vacation? How do you like about China? 你认为中国怎么样？ （= What do you think of China?） 回答时，往往用“Great.”或“Its interesting.”等表示程度的词。如： What do you think of this book? 你认为这本书怎样？ Its interesting. 很有趣。 5. It was sunny and hot all day. 全天阳光灿烂，天气很热。 all day意为“全天，整天”。类似的还有al

14、l night整夜，all week整周，all year整年等。还可以说：all day and all night整日整夜的；日日夜夜。如： He didnt go to sleep all night. 他一整夜都没睡觉。 all着重“整体”，指各个个体或各个部分组成的“全部的、所有的整体”。修饰可数名词复数时，指所有的数量；修饰不可数名词时，指整个范围或全部数量。位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词、基数词的前面。如： I stayed at home all that afternoon.整个下午我都呆在家里。all所有的，全部，都 （1）all表示人或物为三个或三个以上，在句中常被置于b

15、e动词后。如： They were all interesting places. 无be动词时，常被放在行为动词前。如： We all had great fun in the park. （2）all可修饰限定名词，其词序如下： all + n. all day and all night整天整夜 all +限定词（my, the, that）+n. all my classmates我所有的同学 all of +限定词+n. all of the places所有这些地方 all of his homework所有他的家庭作业 whole着重“完整的整体”。指完整无缺的统一体，不可分割，

16、一点不缺，一个不少，没有丝毫减少或遗漏。如： Nature is a whole. 自然界是个统一体。 the whole family, the whole day whole要放在指示代词、物主代词等之后。 6. We had great fun playing in the water. 我们在水中玩得很愉快。 have fun doing sth. 意为“过得很愉快”，与have a good time同义，也相当于enjoy oneself。如： Were going to have fun learning and speaking English this term. 7. I

17、found a small boy crying in the corner. 汉意为：我发现一小男孩在拐角处哭着。 （1）found是find的过去式，该句型为：find sb. doing sth.，意为“发现某人正在干某事”。doing sth.是现在分词作宾语补足语。如： He found a dog lying at the gate. 他发现门口躺着一条狗。 （2）in the corner指“在的角落里”。 而指外角的顶点时，可用at the corner或on the corner等。如： There is a shop at the corner of the street.

18、 在街道拐角处有家商店。 8. He was lost and I helped him find his father. That made me feel very happy. 他走丢了，我帮他找到了他爸爸。这件事让我感到很幸福。 （1）be lost意为“丢失、迷路了”。如： My watch is lost.我的表不见了。 （2）help sb. do sth.“帮某人干某事” help后的不定式可以带to，也可不带to，但在make后的不定式则不带to。故其句型为make sb. do sth.。如： We helped farmers to pick apples last Oc

19、tober. 去年十月我们帮农民摘苹果。 The teacher made me read English every morning. 这个老师让我每天上午读英语。 还可以说help sb. with sth.。 He helped me with my English. 他帮我学英语。 9. Today the weather was cool, so we decided to play tennis. 今天天气很凉快，所以我们决定去打网球。 cool在这儿指“凉爽的”。decide to do sth.是“决定干某事”之意，decide后接不定式。如： I decided not to

20、 go to school today. 我决定今天不去上学了。 练习：I. 按要求转换句型。 1. She went to the mountains yesterday.（就画线部分提问） _ 2. We studied for exams last weekend.（变为否定句） _ 3. They played soccer just now.（变为一般疑问句） _ 4. How was your summer vacation?（写出同义句） What _ your summer vacation _ ? 5. I was born in 1990.（写出该句的问句） _ _ you

21、 born?Keys: 1. Where did she go yesterday? 2. We didnt study for exams last weekend. 3. Did they play soccer just now? 4. was, like 5. When were II. 根据答语写出问句，每空一词。 1. _ _ you _ last weekend? We went to Central Park. 2. _ the weather _? Its hot and sunny. 3. _ _ Betty _ this morning? She played the g

22、uitar this morning. 4. _ food _ you_ for dinner? We had Sichuan food for dinner. 5. _ _ you like the beaches? Because they were beautiful. Keys: 1. Where did, go 2.Whats, like 3. What did, do 4. What did, have 5. Why didIII. 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Did you have fun _（talk）with me? 2. My mother usually goes

23、_（shop）on Saturday afternoon. 3. She _ _ （not have）any time for the housework yesterday. 4. All my _（teacher）are friendly to us _（student）. 5. Look at the sky. Can you find the bird _（fly）there? 6. Listen! It _ _（rain）again. 7. Is it time for us _ _（have）an exam?Keys: 1. talking 2. shopping 3. didnt

24、 have 4. teachers students 5. flying 6. is raining 7. to have【典型例题】迁移拓展 1. You cant see such animals as snakes and squirrels（松鼠）_ because they go to sleep. A. all the timeB. all the year round C. all the winterD. all their lives 解析：选C。all the time意为always，all the year round终年，all the winter整个冬天，all

25、their lives终生，结合句意，蛇、松鼠之类的动物要冬眠，故在winter这个季节是见不着它们的。 2. Bruce visited the museum last Sunday morning.（对句子划线部分提问） _ _ Bruce _ the museum? 解析：首先针对被划线的部分，选定合适的特殊疑问句，并将其置于句首；然后将没有划线的部分变成一般疑问句。该句中能替代last Sunday morning的疑问词是when, visited是行为动词的过去式，故答案为：When, did, visit。 3. “George, did you see the film Tit

26、anic?”“Yes, I _（see）it yesterday.” 解析：答案为saw。依据题干中did you see，yesterday可分析出应答句用一般过去时，see的过去式为saw。 4. When they went into the park, they saw someone _ Chinese Kongfu. A. playsB. playedC. to playC. playing 解析：选D。see sb. do sth.和see sb. doing sth.的不同在于：前者表示看见某人“常做”或“做过”某事，后者表示某人“正在做”某事，由题意“他们进入公园时，看见有人

27、在练中国功夫”可知，playing符合要求。 5. Jack _（begin）to write a book about his journey（旅行）two weeks ago. 解析：句中的two weeks ago为和一般过去时连用的时间短语，所以要运用begin的过去式填入空白处，答案为began。点击中考 1. Tom and Linda are _ from Australia. A. studentsB. girlsC. boysD. sisters 点拨：本题考常见的人名的熟记。Tom是男人名，Linda是女人名，故他们不可能是girls或boys，更不能是sisters。所答

28、案选A。 2. Could you come back home at five? _. I have something to do at school at 4:30. A. I could notB. Yes. I hope so C. Im afraid notD. Im afraid so 点拨：本题考查委婉语气的句子回答。首先，我们说此句不是过去时态，故A不可取。再根据上、下的意思来看。故选C。 3. Paul, do you know the man standing at the door? Yes, he is one of _ friends. A. IB. meC. my

29、D. mine 点拨：本题考查代词的运用。I是代词主格，做主语；me代词宾格，做宾语；my, mine是物主代词，my是形容词性的物主代词，其后要接名词，mine是名词性的物主代词，其后不能接名词。从题的one of _ friends看，故选C。 4. The old lady（夫人）visited the small village（村庄）_ the morning. A. onB. inC. atD. for 点拨：本题考查介词用法。“在早上”是个固定词组，译为in the morning，故选B。 5. Lets go to have dinner. I have no money _

30、 dinner. A. inB. atC. forD. about 点拨：本题考查介词的用法。在此题中，have no money后面应是表示目的的意思。故选C。 6. Playing basketball is very interesting. We all enjoy _ basketball. A. to playB. playingC. to playingD. play 点拨：本题考查“enjoy +v-ing”的形式。故选B。 7. How is the Palace Museum? I find it _. A. wellB. greatC. bigD. a museum 点拨

31、：本题考查“find + adj.”这种结构形式。从出题人的思想出发，重讲故宫神奇，而非大。故选B最佳。 8. I would like to write a school report _ our students _ the mayor（市长）. A. aboutonB. aboutto C. onaboutD. onfor 点拨：本题考查介词用法。首先要注意此题的动词和介词搭配问题。如：“writeto”给写信，“write. for”为写，“writeon/ about”写关于的文章。从题意看，是给市长写一个学校关于学生的报告。故选B佳。 9. Look! The boy is _ i

32、n class. A. eating foodsB. eatting food C. drinking foodD. eating food 点拨：food为不可数名词，food一般不与drink搭配，eat的-ing的写法是在eat后面直接加-ing。故选D。【模拟试题】一. 写出下列动词的过去式。 （1）draw _（2）swim _ （3）study _（4）bring _ （5）begin _（6）learn _ （7）get _（8）sleep _ （9）lie（躺）_（10）enjoy _二. 按要求做下列句子。 1. Today the weather was cool.（就划线

33、部分提问） _ 2. The children went shopping in the afternoon.（就划线部分提问） _ 3. happy, I, you, make, feel, did, very.（连词成句） _ 4. you, and, visited, your family, the Palace Museum.（连词成句） _ 5. I didnt like English. _ too _.（它太使人厌烦） 6. I saw a lot of children _ on the playground.（正在打篮球） 7. Yesterday we went to t

34、he park. We had a great time there.（改成近义句） Yesterday we went to the park. We _ _ there. 8. I paid 20 yuan for the new book. （改成近义句） I _ _ _ _ the new book. 9. My family and I visited some places of interest.（变成疑问句） _ 10. We did our homework.（变成否定句） _三. 根据句意及提示，补全单词，完成句子。 1. The history Museum is in

35、the c_ part of our city. 2. Yesterday we had a d_ meal in a French restaurant. 3. Did you pass your math e_? 4. How was your mountain t_? 5. We had great f_ playing in the waves. 6. The car is too e_. I cant buy it. 7. What was the weather like? It was r_. 8. The city is c_ and the cars cant go easi

36、ly. 9. It was a r_ funny show. 10. They started to look for the l_ horse.四. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。 1. Where _ you _（度假）? I went to the summer camp. 2. How were the people there? They _（非常不友好）. 3. Dont make your students _ every day.（做大量作业） 4. Why did you _（留在家里）yesterday? 5. It was cold and wet _（整个冬天）last ye

37、ar. 6. They _（玩得开心）playing basketball this morning. 7. The museum was _（没意思还拥挤）, I think. 8. He _（把车开回北京）, because it rained too heavily. 9. Can you help him _（修理这台电脑吗）？ 10. He found a boy _（坐在）in the box.五. 用词的适当形式填空。 1. We went _（camp）in the mountains last summer vacation. 2. We met many _（difficu

38、lt）in our English study. 3. There were a few people in the library on Sunday, it was _（crowded）there. 4. On my way home, I found a little girl _（cry）in the street. 5. It was sunny and hot yesterday. We went to the park and _（fly）kites. 6. The weather today was _（sun）and hot all day. 7. They stopped

39、_（laugh）and began _（cry）. 8. He found Tom _（do）his homework in the classroom. 9. I decided _（watch）TV this evening. 10. I didnt _（have）any money for the taxi, so I _（walk ）back to the hotel.六. 句型转换。 1. He did his homework in the evening last year.（变为否定句） He _ _ his homework in the evening last year.

40、 2. Lin Feng wrote a report on students vacation.（变成一般疑问句） _ Lin Feng _ a report on students, vacation? 3. It was Tuesday, July 16th yesterday.（就画线部分提问） _ _ _ _ yesterday? 4. The museum was boring and crowded.（就画线部分提问） _ _ the museum? 5. I helped him to find his father. （就画线部分提问） _ _ _ _ to him? 6.

41、We played tennis from breakfast till lunch.（就画线部分提问） _ _ _ _ _ tennis? 7. The food was very delicious.（变为感叹句） _ _ _ it was! 8. Children are playing happily in the park.（变为感叹句） _ _ _ _ _ in the park! 9. They played computer games at home yesterday.（变为同义句） They _ _ _ and _ _ _ yesterday. 10. We played

42、 in the waves last summer, it was great.（合并成一个句子） _七. 单项选择。 1. I found a small boy _ in the corner. A. criesB. to cryC. criedD. crying 2. We had great fun _ in the water. A. playingB. playsC. playedD. to play 3. I didnt have any money for a taxi _ I walked back to the hotel. A. butB. orC. soD. and 4

43、. We had Sichuan food _ dinner. A. atB. forC. inD. with 5. He often helps me _ English. A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD. studies 6. Wednesday is the _ day of the week. A. thirdB. fourthC. secondD. fifth 7. Peter _ olives. A. likeB. dont likeC. doesnt likesD. doesnt like 8. How _ the weather? It was s

44、unny. A. isB. areC. wasD. were 9. There is a new supermarket, isnt there? _. A. Yes, it isB. Yes, they areC. Yes, there isD. Yes, there are 10. _ I go to school by bike. A. On every dayB. Everyday C. On everydayD. Every day 11. Where is the young man _? Australia. A. goingB. fromC. aboutD. working 1

45、2. How many players _ in a football team? Eleven. A. are theyB. have thereC. are thereD. do they 13. Let me _ you with your English. A. helpedB. helpsC. helpingD. help 14. Discuss the _ place for a vacation with your friends. A. goodB. niceC. bestD. better 15. Write a report _ your vacation. A. onB.

46、 inC. forD. at16. _ did you do? Nothing. A. WhoB. WhatC. WhyD. Where 17. _ did you stay at home? I just didnt want to go out. A. WhatB. WhyC. WhenD. Where 18. _ is the weather like in your hometown? A. HowB. WhyC. WhatD. Which 19. _ would he like _ breakfast? A. Why, forB. What, forC. What, toD. Why, at 20. I found her _ in the room. A. singingB. to singC. sangD. sings 21. I _ born in a small village far away from here. A. amB. canC. didD. was 22. When you come to school tomorrow, please _ me the color pen