职高英语基础模块下册Unit 8 and Unit 9Grammar 动词-ing形式的应用

1、Unit 8构构 成成由动词原形加-ing构成时态和语态的变化时态和语态的变化主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having donehaving been done功能功能动词的-ing形式及其短语可以在句中作主主语，宾语，表语，定语，补足语和状语语，宾语，表语，定语，补足语和状语。否定式否定式由not加动名词组成Learning is difficult but interesting.Waving ones hand is to say “Hi” or “Goodbye”.Learning how to apologize is imp

2、ortant in international communication.Walking is good for health.Seeing is believing.Reading aloud is very important in learning English.【注】【注】在下面结构中，可用在下面结构中，可用it作形式主语，把作形式主语，把真正的主语即动名词放在句末。真正的主语即动名词放在句末。Its no good talking about it. 谈也无用。Its no good helping him. He doesnt help himself.Its no use a

3、rguing with Tom. He is stubborn.Its no use crying over spilt milk.It is no gooduse + 动词动词ing 干干没有没有用用一、作直接宾语一、作直接宾语eg. Gesture is a way to express meaning and feeling without words. Taking nodding the head for example.只可接动词的只可接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词：形式作宾语的动词：avoid, 避免；appreciate,欣赏；admit, 承认；consider, 考虑；d

4、elay, 拖延，推迟；dislike；enjoy；escape, 逃避；excuse, 原谅，宽恕；finish, complete；forgive,原谅 ；imagine, 想象；keep,保持 ；mind, 介意；prevent, 阻止；miss,错过，想念；practice, 练习；suggest, advise, 介意；risk，冒险。eg. I have to delay answering the letter. All of us enjoy playing football. Excuse my coming late. Can you imagine him becomin

5、g famous as an actor? Would you mind my smoking here? Do you mind giving me a glass of water? Of course, I cant prevent your coming. We should practice reading English every day. He suggested going for a walk. I advise waiting till the proper time. I miss living in the country. I dont want to miss s

6、eeing that play on TV tonight. 后接动词的后接动词的-ing形式作宾语的短语动词：形式作宾语的短语动词：feel like, 喜欢，想要.; give up, 放弃；put off, 推迟；be fond of,喜欢；be interested in, 感兴趣；look forward to, 期望；cant help, 禁不住; spend in, 花费；devoteto, 奉献；contribute to,有助于； refer to, 指的是；lead to,通向；Prefer doing A to doing B,宁愿A不愿B; insist on,坚持；

7、object to, 反对。eg. We are fond of swimming.I dont feel like going to work today. Im looking forward to getting another job.I prefer walking to riding.I dont think his words contribute to solving the hard problem.二、作介词宾语二、作介词宾语1. One cannot use English well by knowing only the words and grammar.2. Whe

8、never you come across new words in your reading, look them up in the dictionary.3. Nothing can be learned without giving time and effort to it.4. We are tired of having the same kind of food every day.5. He earns his living by teaching.6. Instead of going to Zhongshan Park, they went to the Zoo. to

9、do sty. doing sth.forgetrememberregretmeango onstop try忘记忘记去做去做某事某事忘记忘记已经做过已经做过某事某事记住记住去做去做某事某事记住记住曾做过曾做过某事某事遗憾遗憾去做去做某事某事后悔后悔做过做过某事某事打算打算/想做某事想做某事意味着做某事意味着做某事（做完某事）接着去（做完某事）接着去做另一件事做另一件事继续做同一件事继续做同一件事停下来去做另一件事停下来去做另一件事停止做一件事停止做一件事努力去做某事努力去做某事试着做某事试着做某事stop stop to do 停下来去做另一件事（两件事） stop doing 停止正在做的

10、事（一件）eg. We are too tired, we stop _. A. have a rest B. to have a rest C. having a rest D. had a rest Seeing the teacher come in, all students stop_. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talkedtryeg. The young man tries _her husband not to go out. A. persuade B. persuading C. to persuade D. persuaded He

11、 tries doing the job by himself.forget, rememberforget to do忘记去做（还没有做） forget doing忘记做过（已做）remember to do记得去做（还没有做） remember doing 记得做过（已做）eg. Dont forget_ the windows when you leave the house. A. close B. to close C. closed D. closingI remember _ the old man some day, but I forgot about his name. A

12、. see B. to see C. seeing D. seenregreteg. I regret to inform you: you are arrested. The old man regrets beating his grandson.go oneg. The little girl has a rest and goes on _. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studiedAlthough it is dark, Mary goes on _. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied

13、meaneg. I dont mean _ him to take part in my party, but my words mean _. A. to invite; to invite B. to invite; inviting C. inviting; to invite D. inviting; invitingHis favorite sport is skating.What she likes best is singing pop songs.The story is very moving.The news is surprising.Her job was looki

14、ng after the pigs.His hobbies is collecting stamps.【注】动名词作表语时，不可与进行时态相混淆。试比较：She was washing clothes.（现在进行时）Her job was washing clothes.（动名词）tips动名词：笼统、泛指的意思；抽象或经常性的动作。动词不定式：具体或特定的动作.eg. The students like playing football. 这些学生喜欢踢足球。（经常性的爱好） Would you like to play football this afternoon. 你今天下午愿意踢球吗

15、？（指一次的动作）动词的-ing形式以以单词形式单词形式作定语时作定语时，放在所修饰的名词放在所修饰的名词之前之前eg. a reading room阅览室 writing paper信纸 a walking stick 拐杖 building materials建筑材料 a sleeping boy睡着的男孩 a flying kite飞着的风筝This reminds me of Italy, when it was still a developing country.My father works in a printing shop.Our school built a swimmi

16、ng pool last summer.Our teacher uses a very good teaching method.以以短语形式短语形式作定语时作定语时，置于所修饰的名词置于所修饰的名词之后之后。The woman coming to dinner this evening is a friend of my mothers.-ing分词作定语可以表示分词作定语可以表示 (1) 所修饰名词的用途。如：所修饰名词的用途。如： a waiting room(=a room for waiting) 候车室候车室 a walking stick(=a stick for walking

17、) 手杖手杖 a sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) 卧车卧车（2）所修饰词的性质特征。如：）所修饰词的性质特征。如： exciting news 令人激动的消息令人激动的消息 a moving story 一个令人感动的故事一个令人感动的故事所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式。如：从句形式。如：a sleeping child (=a child who is sleeping)正睡觉的孩子正睡觉的孩子a walking man (= a man who is walking)正散步的男人正散步的男人the

18、 man standing at the gate=the man who is standing at the gate在在see, hear, feel, watch, notice， listen to, observe等感等感官动词以及官动词以及find, look at, smell, get, leave, have等后可等后可以用以用-ing 形式做宾语补足语，表示宾语进行的动作，形式做宾语补足语，表示宾语进行的动作，具有具有“主动主动”和和“进行进行”的含义。的含义。eg. Sometime in the night Bill woke and found Joe sittin

19、g up in bed, crying.His son felt unhappy when he saw his classmates wearing brand clothes.It is quite rude to talk with a person in your native language and leave your American friends standing there.1.时间，原因，方式，条件，伴随，结果状语等；2.表“主动”和“进行”的含义，其动作与句动作与句子的谓语时子的谓语时同时同时的的；3.若本身没有自己的逻辑主语，则其动作的逻辑主语应是句子的主语。1.

20、Doing a lot of listening in English, you can increase your vocabulary.（方式）2. Try to tell your classmates a story using those phrases you have learned.（方式）3. He wandered the streets, trying to find a way to make some money.（结果）如果动词的-ing形式表示的动作出现在句子的谓语之前，则用动词-ing形式的完成式“having + 动词的过去分词”。eg. Having finished their work, they had a rest.引导状语从句的关联词 if, when, how, where等等， 可以直接用于动词的-ing形式之前。eg. If being able to speak another language, one will be qualified for many jobs today.(1)-ing分词在句中可