名词性从句公开课

1、定语从句的作用定语从句的作用起定语作用，用来修饰名词或代词的从句起定语作用，用来修饰名词或代词的从句名词性从句的作用？名词性从句的作用？起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。换言之，在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名换言之，在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。性从句。名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句 表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做主语从句在句中做- 宾语从句在句中做宾语从句

2、在句中做-表语从句在句中做表语从句在句中做- 同位语从句在句中同位语从句在句中-1.That he will come is certain. 2.I know that he will come. 3.The truth is that I have been there. 4.The fact that she was late surprised us. 主语主语宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句引导词引导词从属连词（从属连词（3个）：个）：that、if、whether连接代词（连接代词（9个）：个）：who、whom、wh

3、at、which、whose、whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever连接副词（连接副词（4个）：个）：when、why、where、how从属连词从属连词“that”- 无词义、不做成分、无词义、不做成分、起连接作用起连接作用“if”- “是否是否”、不做成分、不做成分、起连接作用起连接作用“whether”- “是否是否”、不做成、不做成分、起连接作用分、起连接作用“that”- 无词义、不做成分、起连接作用无词义、不做成分、起连接作用1.That we will realize our dreams in the future is certain. 2.T

4、he fact is that Beijing has held the 29th Olympic Games. 3.I know that well begun is half done. 4.He heard the news that Liuxiang set a new record. 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句Practice: Translation1.我的想法是我们马上做这件事。我的想法是我们马上做这件事。2.她没办法相信他成了一个小偷。她没办法相信他成了一个小偷。3.总所周知，他是一个著名歌手。总所周知，他是一个著名歌手。4.我知道我们

5、队赢了比赛这个消息。我知道我们队赢了比赛这个消息。5.他的建议是我们要先完成作业。他的建议是我们要先完成作业。My idea is that we should do it right now. She cant believe (that) he has become a thief. It is known to all that he is a famous singer. I knew the news that our team won the game. His suggestion is that we should finish the homwork first. 宾语从句中

6、的宾语从句中的that在以下情况下在以下情况下不能不能省略：省略：1.当动词后面接两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个当动词后面接两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that不能省略；不能省略； Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. 2.当当that作介词宾语时，作介词宾语时，that不可省掉；不可省掉； The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. 3.用用it作形式宾语的宾语从句；作形式宾语的宾语从句； We took it for granted that t

7、hey would accept the proposal. 4.that引导的宾语从句与主语之间有插入语时。引导的宾语从句与主语之间有插入语时。 I think, first of all, that we must believe in ourselves. 下面哪些下面哪些that可以省略？可以省略？We have made it clear that we will deal with the problem later. His mother said that he was not careful enough. I think that it will clear up this

8、 afternoon and that they will come to say good-bye to us. He said, in his opinion, that Lei Feng was a good example of serving the people heart and soul. “whether”- “是否是否”、不做成分、起连接作用、不做成分、起连接作用1.Whether she will come back on time depends on weather. 2.The problem is whether you could gives us some v

9、aluable advice. 3.I asked him whether he could do me a favor. 4.Could you tell me the question whether English is useful for us now. 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句Practice: Translation1.他问我是否可以和他一起去。他问我是否可以和他一起去。2. 我们是不是要开会还没决定。我们是不是要开会还没决定。3. 问题是他是否会出席会议。问题是他是否会出席会议。 He asked me whether I would

10、 go with him (or not). Whether we will have a meeting has not been decided yet. The question is whether he will attend the meeting. 1. 主语主语从句放句首从句放句首Whether he will come is unknown. 2. 表语从句，如：表语从句，如：The question is whether you should accept it.3. 同位语从句，如：同位语从句，如：The question whether hell attend the

11、meeting is not decided.4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：从句作介词的宾语，如： It depends on whether we have got enough money. 5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：直接跟不定式连用，如：She hasnt decided whether to go or not.6. 与与or not连用，连用，如：如：He asked me whether I could go with him or not.请用请用if/whether填空：填空：1.I asked her _ she had a bike. 2._ we will hold a

12、party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3.Were worried about _ he is safe. 4.I dont know _ he is well or not. 5.The question is _ he should do it. 6.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon. if/ whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether连接代词连接代词1“who”-

13、 “谁谁”、作主宾、作主宾“what”- “事情事情”、作主表宾、作主表宾“whose”- “谁的谁的”、作定语、作定语“whom”- “谁谁”、作宾语、作宾语“which”- “哪哪 ”、作定语、作定语“who”- “谁谁”、作主语、作主语1.Who will go to the college is still uncertain. 2.The trouble is who could lend me some money. 3.He want to know who picked up his mobile phone. 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句“whom”- “

14、谁谁”、作宾语、作宾语1. Whom you will learn from is worth thinking over. 2. The thing I am anxious about is whom he will turn to for help. 3. His mother asked him whom he could believe in. 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句“what”- “事情事情/东西东西”、作主表宾、作主表宾1.What I desire to get is a good reputation. 2.What he will tell me

15、is what I have been expecting to know. 3.They agree with what I said just now. 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句用恰当的连词填空：用恰当的连词填空：1._ he wants is a book. 2._ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game. 4.This is _ we want to know. 5.Is _ he told us true? 6.We should pay attention to _

16、 the teacher is saying. 7.I have no doubt _ he will come. 8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon. 9.I will visit the company _ produces iPhones.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhatwhich/that_只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分成分，没有词义，没有词义_起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，宾语或表语， 表示表示“的事情的事情/东西东西”。归

17、纳归纳thatwhat“which”- “哪一个哪一个 ”、作定语、作定语1.Which class is suitable for us isnt most important. 2.What he wants to ask you now is which team won the game. 3.Could you tell me which one is right. 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句“whose”- “谁的谁的”、作定语、作定语1.Whose bag was the most beautiful is still unknown now. 2.The

18、question is whose friends could lend me a hand. 3.I want to know whose suggestion is more practical. 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句谁会赢得比赛还不得而知。谁会赢得比赛还不得而知。请告诉我你想要什么。请告诉我你想要什么。最让我惊讶的是他的态度突然变了。最让我惊讶的是他的态度突然变了。我无法确定那本书比较好。我无法确定那本书比较好。我不知道这是谁的书。我不知道这是谁的书。Practice: TranslationWho will win the game is still unk

19、onwn. Please tell me what you want.What surprised me most was that his attitude suddenly changed. I cant decide which book is better. I dont know whose book it is. 连接代词连接代词2“whoever”- “的任何人的任何人”、作主语作主语“whatever”- “的任何东的任何东西西”、作主表宾、作主表宾“whomever”- “的任何的任何人人”、作宾语、作宾语“whichever”- “无论哪个或无论哪个或哪些哪些 ”、作定语、

20、作定语1.Whoever could solve the problem will be rewarded. 2.What we should do is whatever is worth doing. 3.You should learn from whomever I praised yesterday. 4.The fact is whichever teacher could help you learn English well.主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句用恰当的关系词填空用恰当的关系词填空The spoken English competit

21、ion is coming. _ will attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.I believe _ takes part in the competition will try his best.Can you tell me _ you would like to order?_ happens, dont be surprised.All the food here is delicious. Just order _you like.WhowhoeverwhatWhateverwhatever连接副词连接副词“when”- “什么时候什

22、么时候”、作状语、作状语“why”- “为什么为什么”、作状语、作状语“where”- “什么地方什么地方”、作状语、作状语“how”- “如何如何”、作状语、作状语1.The trouble is when he could recover from the disease. 2.I just want to ask you why I was fired.3.Where I could buy the book is uncertain now. 4. I will go to ask my teacher how I could work out the problem. 表语从句表语从

23、句宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句It is known to us how he became a writer. This is why I study so hard. Where he is going is unknown. I have told him when we are going to have the meeting. I have told him when to have the meeting. 他是怎么成为一名作家的我们都知道。他是怎么成为一名作家的我们都知道。这就是我这么努力学习的原因。这就是我这么努力学习的原因。他要去哪里是未知的。他要去哪里

24、是未知的。我已经告诉他什么时候开会了。我已经告诉他什么时候开会了。Several Points to NoticeSeveral Points to Notice主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助可以借助 “ “it” it” 而后置。而后置。问题：想想看是什问题：想想看是什么么“适当的情况适当的情况”？适当的情况适当的情况:一一.it用作用作形式主语形式主语常用句型有常用句型有:1.It be +名词名词(词组词组) that主语从句主语从句2. It be 形容词形容词that主语从句主语从句 3. It be 过去分词过去分词that主语从句主语从句

25、4.It seems/happens等不及物动词及短语等不及物动词及短语 +that 主语从句主语从句 5.It doesnt matter/makes no difference (没有影响没有影响/毫无区别毫无区别)etc.+连接代词连接代词(副词副词)引导的主语从句引导的主语从句 适当的情况适当的情况二二:it 用作用作形式宾语形式宾语. 若有补语若有补语,宾语从句要放到补语之后宾语从句要放到补语之后,在宾在宾 补前用形补前用形式宾语式宾语it. 1. I think it very important that we focus on reading when we are learn

26、ing English. 2.Dont take it for granted that we could do well in the exam if we dont work hard. 3.The old made it a rule that he cast his net three times a day.找出下列句子中的错误：找出下列句子中的错误：1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. That is hard to decide when and where we will

27、 held our sports meeting.3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.itItthatwhether注意虚拟语气的使用！注意虚拟语气的使用！问题：此类虚拟语问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？气有哪些关键词？指点迷津指点迷津:1.表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持 等等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气及物动词后面

28、的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,这类动这类动词有：词有：suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, 等等2.主语是主语是suggestion, proposal, request等表示等表示“建建议、请求、命令、要求、决定议、请求、命令、要求、决定”等意义的词时，等意义的词时，表语表语/同位从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气同位从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气虚拟语气结构为虚拟语气结构为:“(should) + 动词原形动词原形”还有还有,在句型在句型1. It is a pity / shame / no wonder, etc. that

29、 .2. It is suggested / requested / proposed / desired, etc. that 中，中，that从句中谓语从句中谓语动词也常用虚拟语气动词也常用虚拟语气“(should) + 动词原形动词原形”。该主语从句表示该主语从句表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此应如此等语气等语气 eg. It is strange that he (should) have acted toward his parents like that.指点迷津指点迷津:常用句型常用句型It is necessary Its important, Its n

30、atural /strange, etc.) that 主语主语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “(should) +do” 练一练练一练.True/False Her suggestion is that we will do it by turns. Her suggestion is that we do it by turns. Its high/about time that I leave. Its high/about time that I left. It is demanded that he (should) leave at once. It is

31、 demanded that he left at once.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：同位语从句和定语从句的区别： that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不能省略。有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不能省略。 nI had no idea that you were herenHave you got the idea（that）this book gives you ？（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）引导同位语从句，不能省略） （that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略） 1.Doris success lies in the fact what she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.2. I really like the present that he gav