英语人教版必修4学案：Unit2SectionⅢGrammar—动词-ing形式作主语和宾语含解析

1、人教版高中英语必修四7SectionjnGrammar动词-in邨式作主语和宾语课前自主领悟KEQ NZIZHULiriSWU语法图解B 孽泵二科奇制：嬴詹亚蛊圣一动词Tng形式作主语和民语;冗ii神洛式-壬福瓦而S雨可下常甬就0三最箔懿套逅还可(搔i匚； R浜不交天而新讶7而超式百叉不洞的荫 I同由语)探究发现 Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output .Yuan

2、Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields . However, he doesn ' t care about being famous . He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah- jong, swimming and reading . Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very

3、little to him. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.Mary ' s being late for class made her teacher angry. It is no use arguing with him about such a matter我的发现(1)以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是；作动词宾语

4、的是:作介词(短语)宾语的是。(2)句中为动名词的复合结构作主语。(3)句中it作形式用语。课堂要点精析*<E'ACYAQDIA'J. NGXI概念：动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词-ing形式的时态和语态：、语态时念、主动语念被动语公一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词 在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。一、动词-ing形式作主语1 .动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置

5、于句首。Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Wasting a person ' s time is the same as killing him for his property.浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。名师点津(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。To lie to her is wrong.对她撒谎不对。(2)动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。即时演练

6、1补全句子 Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。 Be careful ! To play with fire will be dangerous.小心点！玩火会带来危险。 Swimming is a good sport in summer.夏天游泳是一项好的体育活动。2 .形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语。此类句式常见的有：It' s a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间It' s useless/worthwhile doing sth.It' s no good/use/fun doing

7、 sth.做某事没用/是值得的做某事没用/没意思It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.等别人替你做决定是没有用的。It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。即时演练2用所给词的适当形式填空 It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games. It is worthwhile readi

8、ng (read) such a wonderful novel.(上海高考改编 )It' s no use complaining (complain) without taking action.3 .当句型“There is no表示"不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词-ing形式作主语。There is no denying that the environment is from bad to worse.不能否认环境状况正在逐步恶化。There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。即时演练3翻译句子不能说出

9、他要做什么。There is no telling what he is一going to do.和他不能开玩笑。There_is_no joking with_him.二、动词-ing形式作宾语1 .作动词的宾语常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆:避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest, finish, practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, can ' t help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excus

10、e)忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind)Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？I don ' t like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2 .作动词短语的宾语常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：insist on, object to, be good at, be fond of, lead

11、to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get/be used to, pay attention to, be worth 等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。即时演练4(1)用所给词的适当形式填空(2016 浙江高考改编 )I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working (work) with students. I often practise listening (list

12、en) and speaking (speak) The boy was lucky to escape being punished (punish) We don't allow diving (dive) in the pool.(2)补全句子 It is useful for someone who is trying to give up -smoking.这对于正在试图戒烟的人来说很有用。 I have never dreamed of visiting that place.我从未梦想过要参观那个地方。(陕西高考改编)It' s quite hot today.

13、Do you feel like going for a swim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？3 .在有些动词的后面，如：start, begin, continue 等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。4 .在love, hate, prefer, like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式 作宾语指具体的动作。He preferred staying in the house when it rained

14、.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词-ing形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨都待在家里。)I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作。）即时演练5对比填空He likes swimming but he doesn ' t like to swim this afternoon. （swim）5 .有些动词（短语）后跟不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有:动词宾语的形式意义forgetto do忘记做doing忘记做过rememberto do记着要去做doin

15、g记得做过regretto do遗憾/抱歉要做doing后悔做了tryto do尽力做doing尝试做meanto do打算做doing忌味乍 ,go onto do接着做（另外一件事）doing接着做（同一件事）stopto do停卜来去做doing停止做Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。即时演练6(1)单句语法填空 I mean to_change

16、 (change) it for another one.(安徽高考改编)I remembered to lock (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to_turn (turn) off the lights.(2)补全句子 I remember to mail the letter but forget to buy the stamp.我记得要去寄信可忘了买邮票了。 Missing the train means waiting for another hour.误了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。6 .下列动词可接动词

17、-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/ require/deserve doing= need/want/ require/deserve to be doneThe bike needs repairing/to be repaired .这辆自行车需要修一下。即时演练7（1） 一句多译这个问题值得讨论。一 The_question deserved discussing.一 The_question deserved to_be_discussed.这个窗户需要清扫了。fThe_window needs /requires/ wants clean

18、ing.一The_window needs /requires/ wants to be_cleaned.（2）补全句子（湖南高考改编 ）We' ve had a good start, but next, more work needs doing/to be done （有很多工作要做）to achieve the final success.三、动词-ing形式的否定形式动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not,带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。You have no excuse for not going .你没有理由不去。He was puni

19、shed for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。即时演练8补全句子 Excuse me for my_not_coming on_time （我没能按时来 ）. I'm sorry for not_having kept_my_promise （没有遵守承诺）.四、动词-ing形式的复合结构动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词-ing ,即“sb./sb.'s+ doing”构成。动词-ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词-ing形式的复合结构有

20、四种形式：形容词性物主代词+动词-ing名词所有格+动词-ing代词宾格+动词-ing名词+动词-ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting .这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？名师点津(1)动词-ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用两种形式。(2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用

21、第种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了 一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/ Jack' s/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？即时演练9用动词-ing形式的复合结构补全句子 His_father ' s being ill made him worried.他父亲病了，使他很担心。Your being right doesn ' t necessarily mean my being wrong.你正确未必就意味着我错了。

22、 We are looking forward to Jay Chou ' s/Jay Chou coming to give us a concert.我们盼望着周杰伦来给我们举办一场演唱会。课后强化训练I .单句语法填空1. (2017 全国卷 n )This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track and then building (build) a strong roof over the top.2. There is no use keeping (keep) silent about such a mat

23、ter.3. His not_getting (not get) to the station on time made everyone worried last week.4. The teacher told the students to stop writing (write) and to_listen (listen) to him.5. He succeeded in persuading (persuade) her to do the job.6. Seeing the funny scene, I can ' t help laughing (laugh)7. I

24、 regret to_tell (tell) you that my sister regrets making (make) you her date. You are not the kind of person she wants.人教版高中英语必修四8. The book is worth reading (read) a second time.9. We are looking forward to hearing (hear) from Mr Li.10. . The windowshaven' t been cleaned for a long time. They n

25、eedcleaning/to be cleaned (clean).n .单句写作1. I regret to tell you that your mother is badly ill, but you needn ' t regret leaving her alone.很遗憾你母亲病得很重，但你不需要为留下她独自一人而后悔。2. Many people have suggested setting up more rules to protect animal rights.很多人都建议制定更多规则以保护动物权益。3. If the TV should need repairi

26、ng/to be_repaired,please let me know as soon as possible.如果这台电视需要修理的话，请尽快通知我。4. It is difficult to imagine his_accepting the_decision without any consideration.很难想象他会不假思索就接受了这个决定。5. His getting up late in the morning made him late for the class.他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。6. It' s fun spending the_holiday at the beach.在海边度假很有趣。7. We are busy (in) preparing for the coming exam.我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。8. Tom' s being so careless caused so much trouble.汤姆这么粗心，惹来了不少麻烦。出语法填空I crossed the street to avoid 1 (meet) him, but he saw me and came _2