Grammar(现在分词作定语)

1、2021/8/61现在分词作定语，当分词现在分词作定语，当分词单独单独做定语时，放在所做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前修饰的名词前, ,说明其修饰名词的性质或特征说明其修饰名词的性质或特征, ,表表示供作示供作.之用之用”和和.的的”. .现在分词作定语现在分词作定语a walking stick(a stick used for walking)drinking waterwater for drinking a waiting rooma room for waiting working peoplethe rising sun2021/8/62动词动词 -ing 形式是形式是短语，短语，应应

2、放在所修饰的名放在所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句。词后，相当于一个定语从句。They are visitors coming from several countries.who come from several countries. Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.which offered me the job.The girl standing there _ is my classmate.who is standing there2021/8/63Practice: _ dogs seldom b

3、ite. Bark B. To bark C. Barked D. Barking (2) The wolf spoke in a _ voice and Mr. Dongguo felt_. frightening; frightened B. frightened; frightened C. frighten; frightening (1)D. frightening; frighteningDA2021/8/64(3) Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept (4

4、) The _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.A.A. shaking B. shook C. shaken D. shake CA2021/8/65 现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它地各种形式变化：但要注意它地各种形式变化： 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-

5、ed having been V-ed 一般式一般式完成式完成式2021/8/66Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声，学生们开听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）发生）The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造地现在正在建造地 这栋楼房室我们这栋楼房室我们地地 新图书馆（新图书馆（being built为现在分词的被为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）动形

6、式，表示动作正在进行之中。）Having done the work, he went home. 完成完成了工作，他就回家了。了工作，他就回家了。2021/8/67 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的整个句子，表示动作发生的原因原因、时间时间、方式方式、结果结果、条件条件、伴随状况伴随状况等。现在分等。现在分词词一般不用作表目的地状语一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。式表目的地状语）。2021/8/68 Using your head, youll find a good

7、way.条件条件Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way. ( 伴随动作伴随动作)Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.(原因原因)2021/8/69 Working hard, youll surely succeed.条件条件 The boy sat in front of the farm-house, cutting the branch.

8、伴随伴随 He came running back to tell me the news. 方式方式2021/8/6106) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened.= When he heard the news, he got frightened. (时间时间, 可以在分词前保留可以在分词前保留when ) 7) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. 结果结果2021/8/611Walking in the street, I came across a

9、n old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.(=While he was waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.)1）表时间状语表时间状语2021/8/6122) 表原因状语表原因状语 Being ill, he didnt go to school. (=as he was i

10、ll, he didnt go to school.) Being a student, you should study hard. (=Since you are a student, you should study hard.） 既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。 由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。 Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (As I thought he might be at home, I called him.)2021/8/61

11、3 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语的分：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个主语的一个 动作动作，或是，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或，或是是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明充说明。Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)2021/8/614 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_ , they went into t

12、he classroom. 他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)Laughing and talking2021/8/615 4) 表结果表结果 Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.) 全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了

13、一首最受全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受 欢欢 迎地歌曲。迎地歌曲。 The song is sung all over the country,_. making it the most popular song2021/8/616 5)表条件表条件 Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.) 一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。 _, you will see a white house. Walking ahead20

14、21/8/617 (6) (6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格：与逻辑主语构成独立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. . 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。如果时间允许，我们将

15、做另两个练习。2021/8/618 有时也可用有时也可用with (without) + +名词名词 （代词宾格）（代词宾格）+ +分词形式分词形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。他点着灯睡着了。 (7)(7)作独立成分：作独立成分：Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看，他一定是个演员。从外表看，他一定是个演员。2021/8/619 1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and

16、 kissed her. _ _ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. Rewrite the following sentences.When approaching2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _ _ _can speak seven languages.translating the songs2021/8/6203. The boy standing there is reading a boo

17、k about body language. The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.who is standing4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _ _ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.Coming from2021/8/6215. She sat at the desk and did her homework. She sat at the des

18、k _ _ _.doing herhomework2021/8/622用动词的用动词的-ing形式改写下列句子。形式改写下列句子。1. The picture that hangs on the wall is a world-famous one.The picture _ on the wall is a world-famous one.2. Because he hadnt received an answer, he decided to write another letter to him._ _ _ an answer, he decided to write another

19、letter to him.hangingNot having received2021/8/6233. When he sees the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown._ the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown.4. Because it is Sunday, there are no students in the school. It _ _, there are no students in the school.5. He hunted all the shops to lo

20、ok for a nice present for his mother.He hunted all the shops, _ _ a nice present for his mother.looking for Seeing being Sunday2021/8/624 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the

21、 city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错单句改错2021/8/6255. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6. Knocking at the door before entering, please.7. European football is played in

22、 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking2021/8/626 Practise: They set out _ for the _ boy. searching; losing B. searching; lost C. to search; lost D. searched; losing (2) The student sat there, _ what to do. doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing (1)C. not know D. not

23、knowingBD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not (never)2021/8/627(3)He sat there _ , with his head on his hand. and think B. thinking C. thought D. being thought (4) The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. visiting; add B. visited; adding A.C. visiting; adding D. visited; addedBC2021/8/6281.The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for