症状是指患者主观感受到不适或痛苦异常感觉...ppt课件

1、体温调理Thermoregulationl Basal metabolism l Muscular activity (shivering) l Thyroxine and epinephrine l Specific dynamic effectl Radiation l Conduction l Convection l Evaporation l secrete perspiration l sweatingHomeostasis (36 37Activates heat-loss center in hypothalamusSkin blood vessels constrictSke

2、letal muscles activated, shivering beginsSkin blood vessels dilateSweat glands activatedImbalanceImbalanceBody temperature decreasesActivates heat-promoting center in hypothalamusHot stimulus Blood warmer than set pointCold stimulus Blood cooler than set pointBody temperature increases定义定义 Definitio

3、n of feverBODY 感染性发热 infective fever：最常见，占发热病因的5060%。 其中细菌性占约43%，病毒性占约6%，各种病原体引起的急性、 亚急性、慢性，全身或部分感染均可引起发热。 非感染性发热 non-infective fever 动态平衡动态平衡外源性致热原外源性致热原内源性致热原内源性致热原下丘脑体温调理中枢的体温调定点上升下丘脑体温调理中枢的体温调定点上升垂体内分泌垂体内分泌运动神经运动神经交感神经交感神经产热产热散散热热发热发热Blood vessels constrictionMonoluclear phagocyteLeucocyteEndoge

4、nous pyrogen IL-1 TNF IFNShiveringReceptors in skinThermoregulation center in hypothalamusBloodBloodSympathetic Sympathetic nervenervemotor nervemotor nerveFeverHeat Heat losslossHeat productionHeat productionExogenous pyrogenAntigen antibody complexFungibacterial productsEndotoxinLymphokinesBacteri

5、aVirusesPolynucieotideCrystal(urate) etc.Temperature increase stageHigh fever stageDefervescence stageSet-point returns to normalBody reaches new set-pointTemperature increases to new set-pointinitiation of heat losing mechanismsSweating wet skinheat lossheat production body temperature decreasesHea

6、t-production center shuts offno longer shivering cutaneous vasodilation heart beat respiratory frequency sweatingflushed skin dehydrationThermoregulation centerThermoregulation centerSympathetic NMotor Ncutaneous vasoconstrictionwarm receptors in skinskeletal muscles constrictshivering Piloerection

7、Muscular sorenesschillypale skinheat loss heat production heat loss heat productionbody temperature increases体温升高期体温升高期高热期高热期体温下降期体温下降期设定值回到正常设定值回到正常上调最高值后停顿上调最高值后停顿温度升至新设定值温度升至新设定值同左同左产热产热 散热散热 汗汗封锁产热封锁产热产热产热 散热散热启动产热、封锁散热启动产热、封锁散热启动散热启动散热经过神经经过神经体液调理体液调理热热 产热产热 散热散热冷冷同左同左 Increase Decrease abruptly gradually abruptly gradually hours days hours days malaria septemia lobar pneumonia typhoid tuberculosis malaria lober pneumonia typhoid rheumatic fever 口唇单纯疱疹