2020-2021年非谓语动词的归纳

1、2021-2021年非谓语动词的归纳一、单项选择非谓语动词1. 127. Everythinginto due consideration, she eventually decided to further hereducati on at home.A. having taken B. to be taken C. being taken D. taken【答案】D【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构.句意：考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育.由于此题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子.故使用独立主格结构.由于everythi ng与take into con sideratio

2、n构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式.故D正确.【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换.本句="After" everythi ng was taken intocon siderati on.独立主格结构,是由名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语 构成的一种独立结构.在该结构中,名词或代词与其后的局部构 成逻辑上的主谓关系,用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子.在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随,方式或结果等含义.其位置比拟灵活,放于句首句末均可.1. 名词代词+现在分词The clock striking twelve , I

3、 went to bed.表原因2. 名词代词+过去分词He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clen ched on his breast.表伴随3. 名词代词+不定式Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out n ext mon th. 表伴随4. 名词代词+形容词短语Her face pale with an ger, she rose to go away.表原因5. 名词代词+介词短语Then, last night, I follo

4、wed him here and climbed in, sword in hand.表方式6. 名词代词+副词短语Summer over, the stude nts returned to school.表原因7. 名词代词+名词短语His first shot a failure, Tom fired again.表原因2. With Father ' s Day around the corn er, I have take n some money out of the bankprese nts for my dadA. buy B. to buy C. buying D.

5、 to have bought【答案】B【解析】句意：父亲节将要到来,为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱.题干中空格划在名词后,但是空格后的局部不是对bank解释说明,而是说明取钱的目的,因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语,非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的,因此选择B3. Young people may riskdeaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone【答案】C【解析】risk意为冒的危险,用法为risk doing somethi

6、ng,冒险干某事,因此排除 AB, D项中额 having done意为已经干了某事,与此处句意不符,因此选择C项,句意为,如果年轻人每天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中,他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险.【考点定位】考察动词用法.4. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle.A. to be heardB. to have heardC. hearingD. being heard【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查不定式的被动语态形式.句意：孩子们在饭桌旁如此大声地说话,以致于我不得不努力使得自己被听到.“ st

7、ruggle to do sth意思是努力做某事；“ hear和其逻辑主语"之间是被动关系,故用不定式的被动形式.应选A.5. I rememberedthe door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.A. lockingB. to lockC. having lockedD. to have locked【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词. ACD三个选项都表示动作已经完成.只有B选项表示尚未做.句意：我记得离开办公室前要锁门的,但是却忘记了要关灯.remember doi ng="re

8、member" hav ingdon g="remember" to have done.6. When we saw the roadwith snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词.句意：当我们看到路上被雪覆盖时,我们决定在家里度假.此处用非谓语动词作宾补,动词 block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系,构成短语see sb/ sthdone.应选 Do7. If there

9、 is a lot of work . I ' m happy to just keep on until it is finishedB to be doingDdoingA to do C done 【答案】 A 【解析】 【分析】【详解】 考查非谓语动词.句意：如果有很多工作要做,我很乐意一直把它做完.分析句子可知, 用不定式做定语表示未发生的动作,放在被修饰词的名词、代词后,此处 to do 在句中做 定语修饰 work ,主动形式表示被动含义,应选A.8 Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her

10、 written English in ashort period.A improvedBimprovingC to improveD improve【答案】 A【解析】 宾语 written English 与 improve 之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补.9 More highways have been built in China, it much easier for people to travel from oneplace to another.A makingB madeCto makeD having made【答案】 A【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词.句意：中国

11、修建了越来越多的高速公路,人们更加方便从一个地点到另 外一个地点.空格后面是it,说明是主动关系,排除B;不能选择C的原因是to do作目的状语,不符合句意；根据句意可知,此处是现在分词做结果状语.应选A.10 天津 I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that Icouldn 't help it.Ato eat; to try Beating; trying Ceating; to try D to eat; trying 【答案】 D 【解析】考查短语固定搭配.句意：我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看

12、起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试.固定短语短语mean to do 打算做,couldn ' t help doing忍不住做.应选 D.点睛：此题考查动词短语固定搭配.同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,此题需要区分“mean to do打算做"与“mean doing意味着做"和“can' t help to do s不能 帮助做"与“couldn ' t help doing不住做"之间的含义.11 天津 I need a new passport so I will have to have my phot

13、ographs.A taking BtakenCbeing taken D take【答案】 B 【解析】考查非谓语动词.句意：我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片.此题考查 非谓语动词作宾语补足语,宾语 my photograph 与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词 作宾语补足语.C 项表示正在进行.应选B.点睛：此题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一.在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓 语动词在句中所作的成分,找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,再分析二者之间的关 系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案.12 There have been many advances in medicine in

14、 recent years. That means money formedical research has been well spent.A usedBusingCto useDto be used【答案】 A【解析】【详解】 考查过去分词.句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展.这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很 值.分析句子可知, money 与 use 在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语.故 选 A 项.13 I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A to windBwin

15、dCwindingDwound【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词.句意：我抬头向上看,注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早 餐.分析句子可知, wind its way 作宾语补足语, winding its way 与宾语 snake 之间为主动 关系且此动作正在进行,应选C.14A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.A to leaveBleftCleavingDleave【答案】 C【解析】【详解】 考查非谓语动词.句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张

16、,至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时.laugh 构成主动关系,所以用现在分分析句子可知,空格处做伴随状语.且与逻辑主语 词.应选 C.15 Many white collars went back to second and third-tier cities only that housing pricesthere are also jumping, traffic jams increasing and the air becoming dirty.Ato have found B found Cto find D finding 【答案】 C【解析】C考查动词不定式.句意：许多白领回到二、

17、三线城市,却发现那里的房价也在 上涨,交通堵塞加剧,空气变得很脏.动词不定式表示现在的结果,用动词不定式的一般 式形式,应选 C.16 Hearing the news, she rushed out, the book on the table anddisappeared into the distance.A left; lain openBleft; lay openedC leaving; lie openedDleaving; lying open【答案】 D【解析】【详解】 考查现在分词.句意：听见这个消息,她冲了出去,留在书本翻开着放在桌子上,就消失 在远处了.第一空leave

18、与she构成主动关系,使用现在分词的形式.第二空 the book与 lie 构成主动关系,还是使用现在分词的形式, open 是形容词表示状态, lying open 是宾语 补足语,对the book进行补充说明.故 D选项正确.【点睛】leave 的几种用法leave 除了离开之外,还有以下几种用法：一、作 "留下 "、"丢下"、"落下",常表示某物落在 /忘在某地.二、表示"留给"、"交给",一般与介词 with 或 to 搭配.三、leave作使役动词,表示"使/让保持某种状

19、态. 用形容词作宾语补足语 用不定式作宾语补足语 用现在分词作宾语补足语 用过去分词作宾语补足语 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语四、leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示"剩下的.五、leave还可作名词,表示休假、假期.分析句子可知,leave作使役动词,表示"使/让保持某种状态.第一空leaving是一个现 在分词做状语的用法,由于 leave与he构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式.第二空 the book 与 lie 构成主动关系,还是使用现在分词的形式, open 是一个形容词表示状态, Lying open是宾语补足语,对the book进行补充

20、说明.故 D选项正确.17 Workers have been working through the night the bridge safe.A made Bto makeC being made Dhaving made 【答案】 B【解析】考查非谓语动词.句意：为了使桥平安工人们整夜地工作.此处用动词不定式作 目的状语,应选 B.t found18 The rainforest is an amazing place, with plants and animals that aren 'anywhere else in the world.A filling Bfilled

21、C being filled Dto fill【答案】 B 【解析】考查非谓语动词.句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方,充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物.固定词组：be filled with被充满,此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去分词做伴随状态,应选 B.19"We can't go out in this weather, "said Bob, out of the window.A lookingBto lookC lookedD having looked【答案】 A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语.句意： Bob 看着窗外

22、说： “这样的天气我们不能出去 .本句中 look 与 said 是同时进行, we 与 look 之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语.应选A.20Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50thAnniversary this morning are our alumni 校友 from home and abroad.A AttendBTo attendCAttendingDHaving attended【答案】 C【解析】主句 .Distinguished guests

23、 and friends are our alumni 校友 from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning 非谓语动词作伴随状语.21All the staff in our company are considering to the city centre for the fashion show.Ato go Bgoing Cto have gone Dhaving gone 【答案】 B【解析】【详解】 考查非谓语动词.句意：我们公司所有的员工都在考虑去市中央看时装表演

24、.此处 consider 的意思是 “考虑,后接名词或动名词, considering sth./doing sth 考虑某事“或做某 事,应选 B.22 The discovery of new evidence led to .A the thief having caughtBcatch the thiefC the thief being caughtD the thief to be caught【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词.句意：新证据的发现导致小偷被捕.由句子结构可知,此处 to 是介词, 其需接动名词作宾语,此处 the thief 作动名词的逻辑主语； the

25、thief 与 catch 之间是被动关 系,所以此处需用动名词的复合结构的被动形式.应选C.23北京the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A CatchingBCaughtC To catchD Catch【答案】 C【解析】【详解】 考查非谓语动词.句意：为了赶上早班的飞机,我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早.这里 逻辑主语是 we ,空中用不定式作目的状语,表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的.应选C.【名师点睛】 此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系,然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份,可以知道这里 用不

26、定式做目的状语,意思是为了：学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份,才可以做好此类题.24 The park was full of people, themselves in the sunshine.A having enjoyedBenjoyedC enjoyingD to enjoy【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词.句意：公园里挤满了人,在阳光下尽情享受.enjoy 和前面没有连接词,和句子主语之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词做伴随状语.应选C.25 the meeting himself gave them a great deal of

27、 encouragement. A The president will attendBThe president to attendCThe president attendedDThe president 's attending【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词.句意：总统亲自出席会议给了他们极大的鼓舞.根据句子成分分析判定 缺主语,故用动名词短语作主语,应选D.26 When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door “ Sorry to miss you, willcall you later. AreadB r

28、eadingC readsD to read【答案】 B【解析】【分析】【详解】 考查非谓语动词.句意：当我回家的时候,我看见别在门上的便条,上面写着 “很遗憾错过 了你,我会再打 的. reac与message是逻辑主谓关系,意为便条上写着,应使用现在分词做定语,表主动.应选B.27 In the library you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially forreacers.A preparingBto prepareC preparecD prepare【答案】 C【解析】考查过去分词.句意：在这个图书馆,你能用你自己的电脑连接特别为读者准备的Wi-Fi .此处是过去分词做后置定