现在分词用法与高考题练习

1、名称形式意义例句一般式doing与其逻辑主语构成主动关系；与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生The professor came in, following the headmaster.教授跟着校长进来了。 现在分词的被动形式being done强调被动的动作在实行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生The question being discussed is very important. 现在正讨论的问题很重要。现在分词的完成式having done分词所表示的动作发生在谓语之前Having studied the map, I know which way to go.仔细看完地图后，

2、我知道该走哪条路了。现在分词的完成被动式having been done分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；分词与其逻辑主语构成被动关系Having been scolded many times by the boss, he decided to leave.被老板责骂许多次后，他决定离开。现在分词用法与高考题练习 一、现在分词的各种形式及意二、现在分词的语法功能1. 作定语（通常表示主动或实行） 单个的现在分词充当前置定语(放在所修饰的词前面)，分词短语充当后置定语(放在所修饰的词的后面)。但是，完成式的现在分词不能用作定语。 The swimming boy is my el

3、der brother. (表主动和实行)正在游泳的男孩是我的哥哥。 Tell the boys playing over there not to make any noise. (表主动和实行)告诉那边正在玩的男孩们不要制造噪。They stayed at the hotel standing by the lake. (表主动和状态)他们下榻在一家位于湖边的宾馆。 注意:(1)在一些固定搭配或用法中，现在分词短语要做后置定语，如:This is Mike speaking. Let the matter rest for the time being. 这时暂时放一下。 The wind

4、 blew hard for several days running. 连日刮大风。(running常置于数字和year, day或time等名词后，表示同样的事一再重复。主意跟running water的区别)(2)现在分词作定语时，它所修饰的名词通常就是现在分词的逻辑主语，并且能够转换成一个定语从句。The swimming boy is my elder brother. = The boy who is swimming is my elder brother.They stayed at the hotel standing by the lake. = They stayed a

5、t a hotel that stayed by the lake. (3)动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别动名词作定语表示的是被修饰名词的作用、用途等，如:a moving truck 正在移动的汽车 a moving-truck 搬家汽车a hunting dog 正在打猎的狗 a hunting-dog 猎狗2. 作表语 现在分词作表语，用来说明主语的性质和特征，相当于形容词，其主语通常是物。一般跟在连系动词be, get, be, come, look, sound, feel, keep, remain, grow, seem, appear等后面。 The story sound

6、s interesting.这个故事听起来很有趣。 The news was disappointing.这个消息令人失望。 注意: (1)现在分词作表语时，主语也可能是人，如: He appears forbidding. 他好像令人生畏。（说明主语的性质） She is not so beautiful as charming. 与其说她美，不如说她迷人。 (2)主语是物时，也可能用过去分词作表语，如: The empire is fallen. 帝国沦亡了。(说明主语的状态)(3)动名词也能够作表语，此时主语和表语是对等关系，能够互换位置。 Your task is cleaning t

7、he windows.（=Cleaning the windows is your task.）你的任务是擦窗户。3. 作补足语(1) 现在分词能够在see，hear，notice，watch，feel，look at，listen to，observe，have，get，leave，keep，set，catch，find等动词(短语)后面作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的主动意义。 I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。(2) 上面这类句子也可变成被动语态，

8、这时，现在分词可看成是主语补足语。She was heard singing an English song yesterday. 昨天有人听见她在唱英文歌曲。A cook will be fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 厨师若被发现在厨房内抽烟会被解雇。 注意： (1)make后面的宾语补足语只能用过去分词，不能用现在分词，例如：He couldnt make himself believed. 他不能让别人相信他。A statesman can make his influence felt through his speech a

9、nd action. 政客可以通过语言和行动让别人感受其影响。(2)set后的宾语补语通常是现在分词，不用过去分词，如： Her words set me thinking deeply. 她的话让我陷入了深思。(3)注意感觉、感官动词后现在分词作宾补与不定式作宾补的区别: I saw a soldier getting on the train. 我看到一名士兵正在上火车。（动作未完成） I saw a soldier get on the train. 我看到一名士兵上了火车。（动作已完成） She heard the door slamming. 她听见门砰砰作响。（反复的动作） She

10、 heard the door slam. 她听见门砰一声关上了。（一次性动作，已完成）4. 作状语 现在分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。必须记住：从句和主句的主语必须一致。(1) 表示时间。现在分词表时间时，相当于when等引导的时间状语从句。 Be careful when crossing the road.（=Be careful when you are crossing the road.）过马路时小心点。 Having turned off the TV, he began to do his homework.关掉电视后，他开始

11、做家庭作业。 （=After he had turned off the TV, he began to do his homework.）(2) 表示原因 Being so excited, she couldnt go to sleep.(=Because she was so excited, she couldnt go to sleep.) 因为她太兴奋了，所以睡不着。 Not having received his reply，she decided to make a call to him.（=Because she hadnt received his reply, she

12、decided to make a call to him.因为没有收到他的回信，她决定给他打个电话。(3) 表示方式或伴随，常相当于一个and引起的并列分句。 The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand. (=The teacher came into the classroom and held a book in his hand.) 老师手拿一本书走进教室。 He came running into the room. (=He came and ran into the room)他跑进屋来。(4)

13、表示结果，常相当于一个and引起的并列分句。这类状语常放在句子的后半部分，分词前往往有副词thus, thereby(因此)或only，并有逗号同前面的句子成分隔开，常可译为“于是，所以，因而”等。这种分词的逻辑主语既可以是句子的主语，也可以是前边的整个句子。逻辑主语为前边的整个句子时，其作用相当于一个非限制性的定语从句。 The car was held up by the storm，causing the delay. (=The car was held up by the storm and caused the delay.) 汽车被暴风雨所阻挡，因而耽搁了。 The old sc

14、ientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished. (=The old scientist died all of a sudden, and left the project unfinished.) 那位老科学突然去世，留下未尽的事业。 He turned off the lamp, (thereby) seeing nothing. (=He turned off the lamp, thereby he saw nothing.) 他熄了灯，什么也看不见了。 A number of new machines wer

15、e introduced from abroad, thus resulting in an increase in production. (=A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, which resulted in an increase in production.) 大量的新机器被从国外引入，导致生产增加。(5 ) 表示条件，常相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。 Working hard, youll succeed. (=If you work hard，youll succeed.) 努力工作，你就会成功。(6)

16、 表示让步，常相当于一个though等引导的让步状语从句。 Though feeling tired, Billy he didnt stop working.(=Though Billy felt tired, he didnt stop working. 尽管觉得很累，但比利并没有停止他的工作。三、分词的否定式 分词的否定式总是将否定词not置于分词之前，遇上现在分词的完成式、被动式以及完成被动式，否定词应置于整个结构之前。 Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.不知道下一步干什么，她停下来等着。 Not having finis

17、hed the homework, the little girl doesnt dare to go to school. 小女孩没完成作业不敢去学校。四、独立成分作状语 有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：generally speaking总的来说；judging from / by根据判断；speaking of说到； talking of谈到；frankly speaking坦率地说；allowing for考虑到。 Judging by his face, he was angry.从他的脸色上看，他很生气。 The project will tak

18、e about 8 months, allowing for delays caused by the rainy season. 考虑到雨季的耽误，这项工程大约需要8个月。 Frankly speaking，the car is not worth buying. 坦率地说，这部车不值得买。现在分词练习 1. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _ "Sorry to miss you; will call later." A. read B. reads C. to read D. readin

19、g2. Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared3. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being

20、 weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing4. The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced        B. forcing    C. to be forced     D. having forced5. At

21、 the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close6. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung7. After a knock at

22、the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. A. callingB. calledC. being calledD. to call8. The _ boy was last seen _ near the East Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play9. I was told that there were about 50 fore

23、ign students _ Chinese in the school, most _ were from Germany. A. study; of whom      B. study; of them C. studying; of them        D. studying; of  whom10. Wh

24、ile watching television, _. A. the doorbell rang  B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings11. When _different cultures ,we often pay attention 

25、only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.   A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared12. “Cant you read?” Mary said_ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. an

26、grily pointed D. and angrily pointing13. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added14. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _ in the natural light during the da

27、y. A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let15. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching16. More and more people are signing up for

28、Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A. taking    B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken17. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods.   A. seizi

29、ng; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. Seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing18. The manager, _ his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known19. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to univ

30、ersity. A. lacked       B. lacking of   C. lacking      D. lacked in20. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted21

31、. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on your feet. A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept22. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enabling B. having enabled C.

32、to enable D. to have enabled23. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent24. The lady walked around the shops, an eye out for bargains. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 25.

33、 At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _ in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future. A. living; wondering B. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonder D. living; wondered26. When we visited my family home, memory came _ back. A. flooding B. to flood C. flood D. flooded27. In April, 200

34、9, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, _the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked28. Lucys new job paid twice as much as she had made _ in the restaurant. A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 29. _ their hats into the ai

35、r, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown 30. He was busy waiting a story, only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped31. _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he coul

36、d feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked32. We had an anxious couple of weeks _ for the results of the experiment. A. wait B. to being waiting C. waited D. waiting 33. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B.

37、 had C. have D. to have34. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area.   A. caused  B. to have caused  C. to cause  D. having caused35. The manager, _ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting

38、 room.A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making36. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle37. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to cle

39、an up the river. A. suffering B. To suffer C. Having suffered D. suffered38. _ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized39. The lawyer listened with full attention, to miss any point. A. not trying B. t

40、rying not C. to try not D. not to try40. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _, and asked myself what I was going to do. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved41._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not receive

41、d42. Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school. _ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友) from home and abroad. A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended43. - Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.- Sorry. With so much work _ my m

42、ind, I almost break down. A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled44. _it with me and Ill see what I can do. A. When left B. LeavingC. If you leave D. Leave45. _ the website of the Fire Department in your city，and you will learn a lot about firefighting.      

43、A. Having searched        B. To search           C. Searching             D. Search高考链接【2013北京】24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found【2013湖南】25. The sun began to rise in the sky, _ the mountain in golden light. A. bathed B. bathingC. to have bathed D. have bathed【2013湖南】30. Every day _ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. A. readB. r